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Aligning Learning Objectives in Select Readings with University Achievement Tests Using Bloom ’s Revised Taxonomy
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Sahar Zahed Alavi *   , Mohammad Reza Ghorbani |
| University of Bojnord |
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Abstract: (878 Views) |
In educational settings, a common concern is whether instructional materials and assessments are cognitively aligned to foster deeper learning. This study investigates the alignment between the learning objectives presented in the Select Readings textbook and those evaluated in university-standardized achievement tests at Shiraz University, using Bloom’s Revised Taxonomy (2001) as the analytical lens. Drawing on Razmjoo and Kazempurfard’s (2012) coding methodology, both the textbook and two versions of related achievement tests were systematically analyzed. The results revealed a clear dominance of lower-order thinking skills, particularly factual knowledge within the Remembering and Understanding domains. Notably, the achievement tests emphasized Understanding to a greater extent than the textbook. Although the textbook incorporated some higher-order cognitive domains (Analyzing, Evaluating, Creating), these appeared infrequently in the tests. The findings point to a misalignment between instructional intent and assessment focus, raising concerns about the depth and validity of the evaluation tools. Contextual variables such as instructional intent, learner proficiency, and curricular constraints may also contribute to this imbalance, warranting further examination. The study underscores the need for assessment designers to adopt more cognitively diverse items that reflect the full spectrum of learning objectives embedded in teaching materials.
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| Keywords: Learning Objectives, Textbook Analysis, Assessment, Cognitive Levels, Bloom’s Revised Taxonomy |
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Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Special
Received: 2025/08/14 | Accepted: 2026/02/3 | Published: 2024/09/21
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