Volume 4, Issue 3 (12-2017)                   nbr 2017, 4(3): 271-280 | Back to browse issues page

XML Persian Abstract Print

Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
Gholizadeh H, Saeidi Mehrvarz S, Naqinezhad A. Floristic study of the pure beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) stands in eastern Guilan, Iran. nbr 2017; 4 (3) :271-280
URL: http://nbr.khu.ac.ir/article-1-3016-en.html
Floristic study of the pure beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) stands in eastern Guilan, Iran
Hamid Gholizadeh , Shahryar Saeidi Mehrvarz * , Alireza Naqinezhad
University of Guilan, Rasht
Abstract:   (6235 Views)
Hyrcanian forests in northern Iran have important tree and shrub elements of Euro-Siberian and rare forest communities, among them beech community widely covers the mountainous forests from Western to Eastern (Gorgan) Hyrcanian region. In order to identify the floristic characteristics and affecting factors on the species richness in pure beech stands in Eastern Guilan, using systematic-random method 54 plots were recorded. A total of 111 plant species belonging to 84 genera and 44 families were identified, with Orchidaceae having 9 species and genus Carex with 6 species being the largest family and genus, respectively. The highest frequency inter-species is Galium odoratum, an understory herb species forming communities in different areas of beech forests in Hyrcanian region. Since the studied region is forest and mountainous, hemicryptophytes and geophytes are the most life forms, respectively in these areas and Euro-Siberian elements (with 30.6 %) form the highest frequency from a chorological point of view. Also, the size of the microrelief and percentage of tree cover create different ecological conditions in plots such as moisture retention and change in the amount of incoming light into the plots, which are the most influential factors on species richness of these areas.
Keywords: hyrcanian forests, life form, chorology, microrelief, cover
Full-Text [PDF 396 kb]   (2018 Downloads)    
Type of Study: Original Article | Subject: Animal Biology
Received: 2017/12/9 | Revised: 2021/05/23 | Accepted: 2017/12/9 | Published: 2017/12/9 | ePublished: 2017/12/9
References
1. Akhani, H., Djamali, M., Ghorbanalizadeh, A. and Rame-zani, E. 2010. Plant biodiversity of Hyrcanian relict forests, N Iran: an overview of the flora, vegetation, palaeoecology and conservation. – Pak. J. Bot. 42: 231-258.
2. Amanzadeh, B., Pourmajidian, M.R., Rahmani, A. and Moradi, A. 2013. Comparison of flora, life forms and chorology in the two untouched and degraded sites in Beech forests (Case study: Shafaroud forests. Guilan, Iran). – Int. J. Forest Soil and Erosion 3: 1-6.
3. Archibold, O.W. 1995. Ecology of world vegetation. – Chapman & Hall. Press, London, 510 pp.
4. Assadi, M. (ed.). 1989-2016. Flora of Iran 1-85. – RIFR, Tehran.
5. Austin, M.P., Nicholls, A.O. and Margules, C.R. 1990. Me-asurement of the realised qualitative niche: environmental niches of five Eucalyptus species. – Ecol. Monogr. 60: 161-177.
6. Carranza, M.L., Frate, L. and Paura, B. 2012. Structure, ecology and plant richness patterns in fragmented beech forests. – Plant Ecol. Divers. 5: 541-551.
7. Chytrý, M. and Otýpková, Z. 2003. Plot sizes used for phytosociological sampling of European vegetation. – J. Veg. Sci. 14: 563-570.
8. Davis, P.H. 1965–1988. Flora of Turkey and East Aegean Islands. – Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh.
9. Denk, T., Grimm, G., Stögerer, K., Langer, M. and Heml-eben, V. 2002. The evolutionary history of Fagus in we-stern Eurasia: evidence from genes, morphology and the fossil record. – Plant Syst. Evol. 232: 213-236.
10. Ejtehadi, H., Zare, H., Amini Eshkevari, T. and Atashgahi, Z. 2015. A study of tree species diversity and flora in different altitudes and slopes of the Shirinrood river valley, Mazandaran, Iran. – Taxon. Biosyst. 25: 39-52.
11. Eshaghi Rad, J., Zahedi Amiri, Gh., Marvi Mohajer, M.R. and Mataji, A. 2009. Relationship between vegetation and physical and chemical properties of soil in Fagetum communities (Case study: Kheiroudkenar forest). – Iran. J. For. Popl. Res. 17: 174-187.
12. Esmailzadeh, O., Hosseini, M., Mesdaghi, M., Tabari, M. and Mohammadi, J. 2010. Can soil seed bank floristic data describe above ground vegetation plant communities? – Environ. Sci. 7: 41-62.
13. Esmailzadeh, O., Nourmohammadi, K., Asadi, H. and Yousefzadeh, H. 2014. A floristic study of Salahedd-inkola forests, Nowshahr, Iran. – Taxon. Biosyst. 19: 37-54.
14. Fatemi Talab, S.R., Mataji, A. and Babai Kafaki, S. 2012. Determination of stand dynamic and its relationship with understory biodiversity in managed and unmanaged stands of Beech forests (Case study: Safarud forest). – Iran. J. Forest 4: 277-287.
15. Frey, W. and Probst, W. 1986. A synopsis of the vegetation of Iran. – In: Kürschner, H. (ed.), Contribution of the vegetation of southwest Asia, 1-43. Dr. Ludwig Reichert. Wiesbaden.
16. Ghahremaninejad, F. and Nejad Falatoury, A. 2016. An update on the flora of Iran: Iranian angiosperm orders and families in accordance with APG IV. – Nova Biol-ogica Rep. 3: 80-107.
18. Gilliam, F.S. 2014. The herbaceous layer in forests of east-ern North America. – Oxford University Press, New York, 658 pp.
19. Hamzeh'ee, B., Naqinezhad, A., Attar, F., Ghahreman, A., Assadi, M. and Prieditis, N. 2008. Phytosociological survey of remnant Alnus glutinosa ssp. barbata commun-ities in the lowland Caspian forests of northern Iran. – Phytocoenologia 38: 117-132.
20. Khoshravesh, R., Akhani, H., Eskandari, M. and Greuter, W. 2009. Ferns and fern allies of Iran. – Rostaniha 10 (Supplement 1).
21. Léonard, J. 1989. Contribution a l’etude de la flore et de la vegetation des deserts d’Iran, vol 9. – Jardin Botanique National de Belgique, Meise.
22. Moradi, H., Naqinezhad, A., Siadati, S., Yousefi, Y., Attar, F., Etemad, V. and Reif, A. 2016. Elevational gradient and vegetation-environmental relationships in the central Hyrcanian forests of northern Iran. – Nord. J. Bot. 34: 1-14.
23. Muesel, H., Jäger, E. and Weinert, E. 1965. Vergleichende Chorologie der zentraleuropäisechen Flora. – Band I. Gustav Fischer Verlag. Jena.
24. Naqinezhad, A., Hosseini, S., Rajamand, M.A. and Saeidi Mehrvarz, S. 2010. A floristic study on Mazibon and Si-bon protected forests, Ramsar, across the altitudinal gr-adient (300–2300 m). – Taxon. Biosyst. 5: 93-114.
25. Naqinezhad, A., Zare-Maivan, H. and Gholizadeh, H. 2015. A floristic survey of the Hyrcanian forests in Northern Iran, using two lowland-mountain transect. – J. For. Res. 26: 187-199.
26. Neilson, R.P. 1993. Transient ecotone response to climatic change; some and modelling approaches. – Ecol. Appl. 3: 385-395.
27. Økland, R.H., Rydgren, K. and Økland, T. 2008. Species richness in boreal swamp forests of SE Norway: The role of surface microtopography. – J. Veg. Sci. 19: 67-74.
28. Raunkiaer, C. 1934. The life forms of plants and statistical plant geography. – Charendon Press, Oxford.
29. Rechinger, K.H. (ed.). 1963-2015. Flora Iranica. – Akad. Dr-uck- und Verlagsanstalt, Graz.
30. Sagheb-Talebi K., Sajedi, T. and Pourhashemi, M. 2014. Forests of Iran- a treasure from the past, a hope for the future. – Springer, Dordrecht Heidelberg New York London, 152 pp.
31. Siadati, S., Moradi, H., Attar, F., Etemad, V., Hamzeh’ee, B. and Naqinezhad, A. 2010. Botanical diversity of Hyrc-anian forests; a case study of a transect in the Kheyrud protected lowland mountain forests in northern Iran. – Phytotaxa 7: 1-18.
32. Taati, S., Rahmani, R., Sagheb-Talebi, Kh., Matinizadeh, M. and Habashi, H. 2015. Influence of gap creation on soil enzymes activity in an oriental beech stand (Case study: Langa control plot). – Iran. J. For. Popl. Res. 23: 332-341.
33. Takhtajan, A. 1986. Floristic regions of the World. – University of California Press, Berkeley.
34. Versteraeten, G., Baeten, L., De Frenne, P., Thomaes, A., Demey, A., Muys, B. and Verheyen, K. 2014. Forest herbs show species-specific responses to variation inlight regime on sites with contrasting soil acidity: anexper-iment mimicking forest conversion scenarios. – Basic Appl. Ecol. 15: 316-325.
35. Zohary, M. 1973. Geobotanical foundations of the Middle East. 2 vols. – Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart, Amsterdam, 739 pp.
37. Akhani, H., Djamali, M., Ghorbanalizadeh, A. and Rame-zani, E. 2010. Plant biodiversity of Hyrcanian relict forests, N Iran: an overview of the flora, vegetation, palaeoecology and conservation. – Pak. J. Bot. 42: 231-258.
38. Amanzadeh, B., Pourmajidian, M.R., Rahmani, A. and Moradi, A. 2013. Comparison of flora, life forms and chorology in the two untouched and degraded sites in Beech forests (Case study: Shafaroud forests. Guilan, Iran). – Int. J. Forest Soil and Erosion 3: 1-6.
39. Archibold, O.W. 1995. Ecology of world vegetation. – Chapman & Hall. Press, London, 510 pp.
40. Assadi, M. (ed.). 1989-2016. Flora of Iran 1-85. – RIFR, Tehran.
41. Austin, M.P., Nicholls, A.O. and Margules, C.R. 1990. Me-asurement of the realised qualitative niche: environmental niches of five Eucalyptus species. – Ecol. Monogr. 60: 161-177. [DOI:10.2307/1943043]
42. Carranza, M.L., Frate, L. and Paura, B. 2012. Structure, ecology and plant richness patterns in fragmented beech forests. – Plant Ecol. Divers. 5: 541-551. [DOI:10.1080/17550874.2012.740509]
43. Chytrý, M. and Otýpková, Z. 2003. Plot sizes used for phytosociological sampling of European vegetation. – J. Veg. Sci. 14: 563-570. [DOI:10.1111/j.1654-1103.2003.tb02183.x]
44. Davis, P.H. 1965–1988. Flora of Turkey and East Aegean Islands. – Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh.
45. Denk, T., Grimm, G., Stögerer, K., Langer, M. and Heml-eben, V. 2002. The evolutionary history of Fagus in we-stern Eurasia: evidence from genes, morphology and the fossil record. – Plant Syst. Evol. 232: 213-236. [DOI:10.1007/s006060200044]
46. Ejtehadi, H., Zare, H., Amini Eshkevari, T. and Atashgahi, Z. 2015. A study of tree species diversity and flora in different altitudes and slopes of the Shirinrood river valley, Mazandaran, Iran. – Taxon. Biosyst. 25: 39-52.
47. Eshaghi Rad, J., Zahedi Amiri, Gh., Marvi Mohajer, M.R. and Mataji, A. 2009. Relationship between vegetation and physical and chemical properties of soil in Fagetum communities (Case study: Kheiroudkenar forest). – Iran. J. For. Popl. Res. 17: 174-187.
48. Esmailzadeh, O., Hosseini, M., Mesdaghi, M., Tabari, M. and Mohammadi, J. 2010. Can soil seed bank floristic data describe above ground vegetation plant communities? – Environ. Sci. 7: 41-62.
49. Esmailzadeh, O., Nourmohammadi, K., Asadi, H. and Yousefzadeh, H. 2014. A floristic study of Salahedd-inkola forests, Nowshahr, Iran. – Taxon. Biosyst. 19: 37-54.
50. Fatemi Talab, S.R., Mataji, A. and Babai Kafaki, S. 2012. Determination of stand dynamic and its relationship with understory biodiversity in managed and unmanaged stands of Beech forests (Case study: Safarud forest). – Iran. J. Forest 4: 277-287.
51. Frey, W. and Probst, W. 1986. A synopsis of the vegetation of Iran. – In: Kürschner, H. (ed.), Contribution of the vegetation of southwest Asia, 1-43. Dr. Ludwig Reichert. Wiesbaden.
52. Ghahremaninejad, F. and Nejad Falatoury, A. 2016. An update on the flora of Iran: Iranian angiosperm orders and families in accordance with APG IV. – Nova Biol-ogica Rep. 3: 80-107. [DOI:10.21859/acadpub.nbr.3.1.80]
53. Gilliam, F.S. 2014. The herbaceous layer in forests of east-ern North America. – Oxford University Press, New York, 658 pp. [DOI:10.1093/acprof:osobl/9780199837656.001.0001]
54. Hamzeh\'ee, B., Naqinezhad, A., Attar, F., Ghahreman, A., Assadi, M. and Prieditis, N. 2008. Phytosociological survey of remnant Alnus glutinosa ssp. barbata commun-ities in the lowland Caspian forests of northern Iran. – Phytocoenologia 38: 117-132. [DOI:10.1127/0340-269X/2008/0038-0117]
55. Khoshravesh, R., Akhani, H., Eskandari, M. and Greuter, W. 2009. Ferns and fern allies of Iran. – Rostaniha 10 (Supplement 1).
56. Léonard, J. 1989. Contribution a l\'etude de la flore et de la vegetation des deserts d\'Iran, vol 9. – Jardin Botanique National de Belgique, Meise.
57. Moradi, H., Naqinezhad, A., Siadati, S., Yousefi, Y., Attar, F., Etemad, V. and Reif, A. 2016. Elevational gradient and vegetation-environmental relationships in the central Hyrcanian forests of northern Iran. – Nord. J. Bot. 34: 1-14. [DOI:10.1111/njb.00535]
58. Muesel, H., Jäger, E. and Weinert, E. 1965. Vergleichende Chorologie der zentraleuropäisechen Flora. – Band I. Gustav Fischer Verlag. Jena.
59. Naqinezhad, A., Hosseini, S., Rajamand, M.A. and Saeidi Mehrvarz, S. 2010. A floristic study on Mazibon and Si-bon protected forests, Ramsar, across the altitudinal gr-adient (300–2300 m). – Taxon. Biosyst. 5: 93-114.
60. Naqinezhad, A., Zare-Maivan, H. and Gholizadeh, H. 2015. A floristic survey of the Hyrcanian forests in Northern Iran, using two lowland-mountain transect. – J. For. Res. 26: 187-199. [DOI:10.1007/s11676-015-0019-y]
61. Neilson, R.P. 1993. Transient ecotone response to climatic change; some and modelling approaches. – Ecol. Appl. 3: 385-395. [DOI:10.2307/1941907]
62. Økland, R.H., Rydgren, K. and Økland, T. 2008. Species richness in boreal swamp forests of SE Norway: The role of surface microtopography. – J. Veg. Sci. 19: 67-74. [DOI:10.3170/2007-8-18330]
63. Raunkiaer, C. 1934. The life forms of plants and statistical plant geography. – Charendon Press, Oxford.
64. Rechinger, K.H. (ed.). 1963-2015. Flora Iranica. – Akad. Dr-uck- und Verlagsanstalt, Graz.
65. Sagheb-Talebi K., Sajedi, T. and Pourhashemi, M. 2014. Forests of Iran- a treasure from the past, a hope for the future. – Springer, Dordrecht Heidelberg New York London, 152 pp.
66. Siadati, S., Moradi, H., Attar, F., Etemad, V., Hamzeh\'ee, B. and Naqinezhad, A. 2010. Botanical diversity of Hyrc-anian forests; a case study of a transect in the Kheyrud protected lowland mountain forests in northern Iran. – Phytotaxa 7: 1-18.
67. Taati, S., Rahmani, R., Sagheb-Talebi, Kh., Matinizadeh, M. and Habashi, H. 2015. Influence of gap creation on soil enzymes activity in an oriental beech stand (Case study: Langa control plot). – Iran. J. For. Popl. Res. 23: 332-341.
68. Takhtajan, A. 1986. Floristic regions of the World. – University of California Press, Berkeley.
69. Versteraeten, G., Baeten, L., De Frenne, P., Thomaes, A., Demey, A., Muys, B. and Verheyen, K. 2014. Forest herbs show species-specific responses to variation inlight regime on sites with contrasting soil acidity: anexper-iment mimicking forest conversion scenarios. – Basic Appl. Ecol. 15: 316-325. [DOI:10.1016/j.baae.2014.05.002]
70. Zohary, M. 1973. Geobotanical foundations of the Middle East. 2 vols. – Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart, Amsterdam, 739 pp.
Add your comments about this article : Your username or Email:
CAPTCHA
Rights and permissions
Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

Creative Commons Licence
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.



© 2024 CC BY-NC 4.0 | Nova Biologica Reperta

Designed & Developed by : Yektaweb