Rasoul Naderi, Mohammad Hossein Pourkazemi, Saeed Farahanifard,
Volume 5, Issue 18 (12-2014)
Abstract
Public pricing of products is one of the most important economicalissues, since any changes in the pricing, affects both the welfare ofconsumers and quantity of goods and Services which are produced.
In this paper which is done for natural gas pricing in Iran, the purpose is giving a price that the government can consider it as a suitable choice for using in subsidies targeting project. These prices have two advantages: first, they try to maximum the social economical welfare (summation of producer and consumer surplus) second, this method solve the problem that the producer has in covering their costs (by marginal cost pricing) because of increasing returns to scale.
This paper deals with the optimal gas pricing in household sector in Iran by the Ramsey method of pricing.
In this regard we have used fuzzy regression (because of its accuracy and devoid of classic regression restrictions) and the data from 1977 to 2011 for estimating production function and returns to scale in natural gas production side. Also for estimating demand function and elasticity we have used ARDL method and data from 1350 to 1389. The results shows that the current prices aren’t optimum and despite implementation of subsidies targeting project the prices are low.
Samaneh Mohamadkhani, Mohammad Hassan Fotros, Mohamad Mowlaei,
Volume 11, Issue 41 (10-2020)
Abstract
The importance of non-oil exports and their role in the economic growth and development of countries has always been discuss as an important issue in the economy. Meanwhile, the role of high-tech exports in the growth of developed countries has been significant and developing countries, in order to succeed in the growth of production and export of their industrial goods under the constraint of globalization, have no choice but to increase production and export of high-tech products, use more advanced production techniques and save on production costs. This is especially true in the case of Iran, which has always faced the problem of macroeconomic indicators due to its dependence on oil revenues and the destructive impact of oil revenues on political and economic issues, especially the issue of oil sanctions. In this regard, the aim of the present study was to investigate the factors affecting the export of high-tech products based on the four-digit ISIC codes in Iran in the period 1397-1375 using the ARDL Panel method.
The results of the study show that the costs of domestic research and development, foreign accumulation of research and development and commercialization in the short and long term, and the degree of openness of the economy and human capital in the long run have a positive and significant effect on high-tech exports in Iran. Also, the exchange rate in the short term has no meaningless effect and in the long run has no negative and significant effect, and inventions in the short and long term have no significant effect on the export of these products.
