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جستجو در مقالات منتشر شده |
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20 نتیجه برای da
کریم صادقی،
دوره 11، شماره 2 - ( 6-1387 )
چکیده
آزمونهای کلوز (متن دارای جای خالی) بصورت گسترده برای سنجش میزان درک مطلب، خوانایی متن و توانایی زبانی بکار برده شده اند ولی هنوز بر سر این قضیه که این آزمونها چه جیزی را میسنجند اختلاف نظر وجود دارد و نتیجه تحقیقیات کمی و همبستگی محور در این مورد قانع کننده نیست. تحقیق حاضر با یک رویکرد کیفی به موضوع برداخته و قصد دارد اعتبارقضاوتی این آزمونها را از نظر آزمون شوندگان بررسی نماید. به همین منظور یک گروه 32 نفره در یک آزمون کلوز استاندارد شرکت کردند. فرضیه تحقیق این بود که اگر کلوز آزمون معتبر درک مطلب باشد باید داوطلبینی که تست کلوز را انجام میدهند مشکلی در تکمیل جاهای خالی نداشته باشند چرا که متن اصلی که کلوز بر بایه آن ساخته شده بود از یک کتاب درسی روش تحقیق برای دانشجویان کارشناسی بود و همه داوطلبین بالاتر از آن سطح یا دانشجوی دکترا و یا استاد دانشگاه بودند. یافته ها مشخص کرد که آزمون کلوز هم برای انگلیسی زبانها و هم کسانی که زبان مادریشان انگلیسی نبود فوق العاده سخت بود و بنا به ادعای داوطلبین نمرات شان در ازمون نمایانگر میزان درک مطلب آنها نبود. دیگر یافته های تحقیق و معانی آنها در مقاله آورده شده است.
پوریا بقایی، رضا پیشقدم، صفورا ناوری،
دوره 12، شماره 1 - ( 1-1388 )
چکیده
به دلیل ایرادات روشهای سنتی تعیین نمره معیار که معمولا به صورت نه چندان دقیق انجام می گیرد، تحقیق حاضر بدنبال ارایه مدلی جدید بر اساس مدل رش می باشد. تعیین نمره معیار دقیق و پیوند آن به توانایی واقعی افراد یکی از ضرورت های دنیای امروز می باشد. چارچوب مشترک اروپایی ارجاع، به عنوان یک مرجع مهم و اساسی در سنجش و آزمون سازی تاکید زیادی بدین مهم کرده است. روش پیشنهادی در این مقاله، با تلفیق روشهای سنتی معیار گزینی با روش رش که بر مبنای علم احتمالات می باشد و بر اساس الگوی نقشه رایت به ارایه مدل جدید تعیین نمره معیار می پردازد. از این رو ابتدا، محققان به بررسی کمی و کیفی مدلهای سنتی پرداخته اند و سپس مدل خود را اریه نموده اند. و در پایان، پیشنهادات و توصیه هایی در خصوص مدل جدید به خوانندگان ارایه شده است.
علی روحانی، زینب صبا،
دوره 13، شماره 2 - ( 6-1389 )
چکیده
یادگیری لغت یکی از مهم ترین بخش های آموزش زبان خارجی می باشد. ولی محققان در مورد بهترین روش تدریس و یادگیــــــری لغت اتفاق نظر ندارند. اخیرا محققانی مانند کیتینگ (2008 ) و کیم (2008) بر رویکرد آموزشی فعالیت – محور در مقایسه با روش سنتی ارائه، تمرین و تولید لغات (معروف به پی پی پی) تاکید نموده اند. بنابراین هدف این تحقیق، بررسی تاثیر فعالیت های آموزشی ( شنیداری-عملی وتکمیل چارت) در مقایسه با روش تدریس ارائه، تمرین و تولید در یادگیری لغات توسط زبان آموزان زبان انگلیسی می باشد. بدین منظور، 72 نفر زبان آموز در مرکز زبان جهاد دانشگاهی شهرکرد که از لحاظ مهارت زبانی در سطح متوسط بودند در این تحقیق شرکت نمودند. شرکت کنند گان به طور تصادفی به دو گروه تقسیم شدند. دریکی از گــــــروهها لغات با روش ارائه، تمرین وتولید آموزش داده شد و در گروه دیگر آموزش لغات با فعالیت شنیداری-عملی و تکمیل چارت صورت گرفت. گروه فعالیت – محور خود به دو گروه مجزا تقسیم شد: گروه آموزشی شنیداری-عملی و گروه آموزشی تکمیل چارت. جهت جمع آوری داده ها، یک آزمون لغت که شامل 30 سوال چهار گزینه ای بود بصورت پیش آزمون و پس آزمون اجرا گردید. تجزیه و تحلیل کوواریانس بر روی نمرات نشان داد که استفاده از فعالیت های آموزشی تاثیر مثبت قابل توجهی بر میانگین نمرات داشت که این امر حاکی از موثر بودن این روش در یادگیری لغات زبان دوم می باشد. نتایج این تحقیق همچنین نشان داد که تفاوت معنا داری بین انجام فعالیت های آموزشی شنیداری-عملی و تکمیل چارت در یادگیری لغات نمی باشد.
Esmat Babaii، Yoones Taase،
دوره 16، شماره 2 - ( 6-1392 )
چکیده
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Elham Naji Meidani، Reza Pishghadam، Mohammad Ghazanfari،
دوره 16، شماره 2 - ( 6-1392 )
چکیده
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Saman Ebadi،
دوره 17، شماره 1 - ( 1-1393 )
چکیده
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Mohammad Hassanzadeh، Fahimeh Marefat،
دوره 17، شماره 2 - ( 6-1393 )
چکیده
Parisa Naseri Karimvand، Gholamreza Hessamy، Fatemeh Hemmati،
دوره 17، شماره 2 - ( 6-1393 )
چکیده
Marzieh Souzandehfar، Mahboobeh Saadat، Rahman Sahragard،
دوره 17، شماره 2 - ( 6-1393 )
چکیده
Seyyed Mohammad Reza Adel، Akram Ramezanzadeh،
دوره 20، شماره 1 - ( 1-1396 )
چکیده
Mahmood Reza Atai، ، ،
دوره 20، شماره 1 - ( 1-1396 )
چکیده
Zahra Hesami، Golnar Mazdayasna، Ali Mohammad Fazilatfar،
دوره 21، شماره 1 - ( 1-1397 )
چکیده
| Despite the abundance of research on ELT teachers, little is known about teacher language awareness (TLA) with focus on its impact on pedagogical practice in the EFL context. To fill this gap, an in-depth study was conducted to examine the procedural dimension of TLA among eight EFL teachers with different teaching experiences (novice versus experienced) related to teaching grammar at Iranian language institutes. Data were collected through non-participant classroom observations and stimulated recall interviews (of at least 7 lessons per teacher) from eight EFL teachers at three private language institutes in Iran. The findings revealed the experienced teachers’ application of TLA in their pedagogical practices in comparison to their novice counterparts. Most importantly, the application of TLA in classrooms was affected by factors, such as context, time constraints, learners’ emotions, and previous experiences as learners and teachers. This study may expand the current understanding of TLA and its impact on grammar teaching and have implications for language teacher education and development. |
Soroor Ashtarian، Saman Ebadi، Nourodin Yousofi،
دوره 21، شماره 2 - ( 6-1397 )
چکیده
| This study aimed to investigate the application of Group Dynamic Assessment (GDA) to writing accuracy of EFL learners and explore whether secondary interactants could benefit from interactions between mediator and primary interactants. The idea of implementing DA (Dynamic Assessment) in dyads seems unworkable since teachers are required to teach the whole class (Guk & Kellog, 2007). Moreover, Lantolf and Poehner (2004) suggest a new approach to DA that is GDA, which involves applying DA with a large number of learners rather than individuals. Following a multiple case study design and interactionist DA, the development of ten students in a class of twenty five was tracked during the eight sessions of DA program. Data were collected though written artifacts, video-recording of interactions, interview, and observation. The results indicated that GDA was an effective way of helping learners overcome their linguistic problems and there were signs of microgenetic as well as macrogenetic development within the same DA session and across sessions. The present findings provide further insight into understanding how secondary interactants benefit from the interactions between mediator and primary interactants. |
Zahra Fotovatnia، Jeffery Jones، Nichole Scheerer،
دوره 22، شماره 2 - ( 6-1398 )
چکیده
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Finding out which lexico-semantic features of cognates are critical in cross-language studies and comparing these features with noncognates helps researchers to decide which features to control in studies with cognates. Normative databases provide necessary information for this purpose. Such resources are lacking in the Persian language. We created a dataset and determined norms for the essential lexico-semantic features of 288 cognates and noncognates and matched them across conditions. Furthermore, we examined the relationship between these features and the response time (RT) and accuracy of responses in a masked-priming lexical decision task. This task was performed in English by Persian-English speakers in conditions where the prime and target words were related or unrelated in terms of meaning and/or form. Overall, familiarity with English words and English frequency were the best predictors of RT in related and unrelated priming conditions. Pronunciation similarity also predicted RT in the related condition for cognates, while the number of phonemes in the prime predicted RT for the unrelated condition. For both related and unrelated conditions, English frequency was the best predictor for noncognates. This bilingual dataset can be used in bilingual word processing and recognition studies of cognates and noncognates.
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Fatemeh Badiozaman، Ebrahim Samani، Razieh Bagheripour،
دوره 25، شماره 1 - ( 1-1401 )
چکیده
| Translated texts have an in-between existence commonly referred to as hybridity; they belong to both source and target cultures, which indicates that hybridity is an inherent characteristic of translation. However, it is not only translated texts that contain hybridity, original texts do too, especially in the case of linguistic hybridity that is caused by non-standard language. All forms of non-standard language have their own sociolinguistic implications; their mere presence in a literary production conveys certain messages, which makes this presence a prominent one. It is equally important to find out what becomes of such language in the process of translation. Therefore, the current qualitative research picked four literary novels that featured at least one-character parading non-standard speech patterns, along with two Persian translations for each novel so that translators' styles could be compared. The target texts were inspected to observe cases of either neutralization or reproduction of non-standard language. The findings proved that most translators gravitate towards normalization, meaning that their readers would not be able to perceive the existence of different speech patterns in the story. Nevertheless, by employing diverse structures and terms, two translators managed to demonstrate that linguistic hybridity existed in their texts. Considering how dissimilar English and Persian dialects are, having transferred non-standard language through the translation process is an impressive accomplishment. |
Aysa Arjmandpour، Hossein Bahri،
دوره 25، شماره 2 - ( 6-1401 )
چکیده
The novel Les Miserables (Hugo, 1985) is one of the most universally translated works, and there are a number of adaptions in several languages. One recent adaption is the Persian musical play performed in Iran. In this performance, culture-specific items (CSIs) were translated differently since visual and aural elements were added to the stage. The present study aims to investigate translation strategies used in the above adaptation to indicate what translation solutions are possible when the medium changes. After watching the ninety-minute recorded play in VOD format, culture-specific items were selected purposively corresponding to those in the novel. Subsequently, they were analyzed based on Newmark's model (1988). The findings showed that the most frequent translation strategies applied were adaptation, followed by communicative translation, and literal translation. Compared with the original performance, some scenes were deleted from the recorded play. Hence, there was no exact one-to-one correspondence with the original text of the book. While instances of censorship contributed to some of these omissions, probably one reason for the issue is the publishing regulations administered in Iran for VOD formats of the plays. These results suggest that while target language-oriented strategies dominated the entire translation approach, the translator of the play tried to familiarize the audience with French culture through literal translations and with the help of visual and aural aids. Since the audience were presented with pictures and songs, it was easier for them to locate themselves in the era of the French Revolution and French customs.
Askarpoor، Mansoor Ganji، Ali Beikian،
دوره 25، شماره 2 - ( 6-1401 )
چکیده
Teacher professional development plays a critical role in enhancing educational outcomes, with Teacher Training Courses (TTCs) serving as a primary avenue for improving teaching quality. This study evaluates the effectiveness of an English TTC conducted at the Iran Language Institute (ILI) by employing a concurrent mixed-methods approach. Data were gathered from TTC candidates, attendees, and ILI teachers to assess their expectations, immediate evaluation, and delayed evaluation of the TTC. Seven interviews with TTC candidates were conducted to capture expectations, while 69 questionnaires from attendees and 85 from ILI teachers provided immediate and delayed evaluations respectively. Both interviews and questionnaires were structured around the five standards of the California Standards for the Teaching Profession (CSTP), and the data were analyzed using content analysis and descriptive statistics. The findings indicate that candidates expected the TTC to focus on modern teaching techniques, syllabus design, classroom management, and supporting diverse learners. Besides, satisfaction levels were higher among female teachers and TTC attendees compared to male teachers and ILI teachers respectively. All in all, areas such as supporting diverse learners and professional development emerged with the lowest levels of satisfaction. These findings underscore the importance of tailoring TTCs to address specific needs, particularly in areas where satisfaction levels are suboptimal, to ensure the continued improvement of teaching quality and student outcomes.
Fahimeh Hokmabadi، Omid Mazandarani، Behzad Ghonsooly، Ghasem Barani،
دوره 25، شماره 2 - ( 6-1401 )
چکیده
Despite the fact that there exists a considerable amount of literature on pedagogically-oriented stylistics, a significant number of the often-cited articles turns out to be based on trust and intuition. This is what has been accentuated by prominent figures as Hall (2007), Carter (2007, 2010), Zyngier and Fialho (2010), among others, while calling for more robust empirically-based studies. The present study is undertaken to review 13 studies published from 2015 to 2022. In doing so, an adaptation of a coding framework was employed to serve as guideline for this review study. In this vein, three overarching themes were detected: 1) stylistics as accessible toolkit for teacher training, 2) stylistics' significance in curriculum and syllabus development and 3) stylistics as an opportunity for cooperation between higher education and language teachers. By detecting these emergent themes some uncharted areas of stylistics-inspired pedagogies as well as some rectified issues were revealed. Despite this, there still remains the issue of underreporting which is indeed undermining to the credibility of pedagogical stylistics. Thus, a set of recommendations were accordingly provided for further advancement in studies concerning pedagogical stylistics.
Somayyeh Modiri، Adnan Eshkevari، Isa Motaghizadeh،
دوره 26، شماره 1 - ( 1-1402 )
چکیده
"Lexical Chains" is one of the newest branches of statistical semantics, which is defiend as the process of identifying words that have semantic relationship with each other, and help us to identify the topic and main content of the text. In this research, we aim to determine lexical chains of sermons No. 87 and 191 of Nahj al-Balaghah, based on the theory of "Saxena", as well as "Barzilay" and "Elhadad", using the descriptive-analytical and statistical method. The results show that in both sermons, the semantic relation "Antonym" has the most frequency. In sermons No. 87 and 191, respectively, 8% and 5% of the chains are "strong chains", and play the main role in determining the main themes of the sermons. According to the data, choosing the title "religious, ethical, scientific" for the sermon No. 87, and "moral, ethical, social, intellectual" for the sermon No. 191 -contrary to what "Mohammad Dashti" mentioned for them- seems more appropriate.
Katayoon Mansouri، Jaleh Hassaskhah، Esmaeel Ali Salimi،
دوره 26، شماره 2 - ( 6-1402 )
چکیده
Working memory plays a fundamental role in multiple facets of our cognitive life (Baddeley, 2017) like learning and processing first and second language. Thus, this study investigated the effect of multimodal input enhancement on working memory capacity and collocation learning across different age groups. The participants were 117 adolescents and adults randomly assigned into two experimental and two control groups. The experimental groups received textual and aural enhanced input, while the control groups received non-enhanced input. The data were collected through Preliminary English Test, n-back test, immediate and delayed posttest of collocations. The results showed that multimodal input enhancement had a positive effect on working memory capacity and recall and retention of collocations in both adolescents and adults. However, adolescents outperformed adults in immediate and delayed tests of collocations and also adolescents adjusted their working memory capacity more than adults in multimodal context. The results also indicated that there was an interaction effect between age and working memory on recall and retention of collocations. Generally, the findings highlight the role of learners’ memory resources and cognitive functioning in processing multimedia input and learning language components. The study has several implications for teachers, teacher training courses, course designers, and curriculum developers.
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