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This paper aims to explain the underground curriculum in the field of ethnicity and provide its practical evidence from the Iranian schools. This paper follows a qualitative research method According to the results of this research, when ethnic groups do not have a proper position in formal curricula, and in many cases, there is a cultural humiliation of subcultures, in other words, when cultural occupation takes place in schools, in such circumstances, Ethnicity is considered as one of the main areas for the formation of underground curricula. Also, based on the data analysis, seven main themes related to this research are: Preference for mother tongue on formal language, ethnicity bias of teachers and students, opposition to the content of formal curriculum, the use of ethnic symbols in schools, the spread of ethnic music and their symbols in schools, humiliation Other ethnic groups and expansion of separatist ideas.

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In this paper, I try to put forward a new model for curriculum evaluation, entitled ECCP (Evaluating Curriculum as a Complex Phenomenon), out of my perception of curriculum as a complex event. In the abovementioned model, various dimensions and aspects of curriculum (written, operationalized, experienced, tested, and flourished) are evaluated by three criteria (intended ideals, implicit elements, and overlooked aspects) which finally forms a 15-cell matrix. I firmly believe that evaluating and assessing curriculum as a complex phenomenon requires answers to the questions posed by each cell. It is also endorsed by the model that any evaluation plan ought to locate curriculum in context to offer meaningful results and findings.
 
 

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With the emergence and spread of the corona virus, different sections of different societies faced serious challenges. The institution of education is one of the most fundamental centers of change in the world during the coronavirus epidemic. These changes resulting from the outbreak of the coronavirus and its changes in formal and informal curricula have led researchers to present a new concept in the field of curriculum studies based on their professional and educational mission, entitled "Unpredictable Curriculum" Choose. To achieve the research goal, a concept development strategy has been used. Siegerchr('39')s prescriptive criteria and expert opinions have also been used to validate the analyzes performed. Finally, while the concept of unpredictable curriculum is explained and analyzed, the dimensions, examples and challenging aspects of this type of curriculum are also described.

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in this study,an attempt has been made to analyze the relationship between the variables affecting the curriculum with emphasis on entrepreneurship in Tehran universities. At first, by studying the background of related researches, the variables were identified and screened with the opinions of experts by fuzzy Delphi method.The statistical population consists of 30 faculty members and experts in the qualitative section and 385 people in the quantitative section with the Cochran's formula.Fuzzy network analysis is used to determine the weight and interpretive structural equations are used to level and analyze the relationships between variables.Based on the findings of fuzzy network analysis,the following variables of interaction with institutions supporting the implementation of joint international activities, entrepreneurial attitude, lending through banks, the use of information and communication technology in teaching and coordination of optional courses with individual needs in terms of Teachers have the most weight and importance 

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The purpose of this study was to identify the essential components of employability of civil engineering graduates, which is applied in terms of purpose and field type in terms of data collection, and according to purpose of the research, a qualitative phenomenological method has been used. The statistical population includes professional civil engineers under the title of employers in field of civil engineering and the method of targeted sampling by snowball method has been used to collect samples of 20 people. The interview data collection method was semi-structured and categorization was used to analyze the findings. The method of validating the interview data was of internal validity type. The results showed that according to civil engineering employers, the most important components of employability in the field of civil engineering included 6 components, which are theoretical and specialized knowledge, interdisciplinary knowledge, practical and technical knowledge, , job skills and engineering insight.

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The purpose of this study is to design an educational program using dialogic education approach to cultivate the aesthetic perception of student teachers using A/r/tographical learning tasks.The research was a qualitative one and opted for normative method consisting. Finally,11 learning tasks were developed.

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The present study was conducted with the aim of designing a model of multicultural literacy curriculum for students and teachers of Farhangian University. The approach of this research is mixed descriptive and its statistical population includes a small part of university-cultural university students, the sampling method was to select student-teachers from random clusters. Research method; Using a questionnaire with three components of multicultural knowledge, multicultural attitude and multicultural skills, and in the qualitative section, systematic analysis was used to find the components of multicultural literacy. In a small part, the results of this study indicated that the multicultural literacy of university students, teachers and educators was relatively good in the multicultural dimension and moderate in the multicultural dimension, but not at the desirable level in the multicultural dimension. According to the current situation of multicultural literacy of students and teachers, a model was designed and validated for the desired situation.

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 In order to fully understand the concept of fraction, all of its sub-constructs must be considered and interrelated. The purpose of this study is to examine the presence of these sub-constructs and their level of use in elementary mathematics textbooks in Iran. A content analysis study based on Kieren's sub-constructs framework with five categories, namely; part-whole, measurement, ratio, quotient, and operator, was conducted to analyze all 2-6 grades’ mathematics textbooks’ activities and problems in chapters related to the concept of fraction. The results of the analysis showed that the most used sub-constructs respectively are: Part-Whole (49%), Measurement (22%), Ratio (16%), Operator (11%), Quotient (1%). There is very little attention given to the sub-construct of ‘quotient’ in these textbooks. Moreover, the potential of some sub-constructs has not been fulfilled.

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Learning math vocabularly is essential for language development and improving students' mathematics knowledge. The present research is descriptive-analytical, its purpose is applied and its approach is qualitative. First, by synthesis method, the researches done in the field of teaching mathematical vocabulary were reviewed and the types of words that need to be taught were categorized. Then, using content analysis method, the key words of math books were extracted. The sample of the research is the first to third grade elementary mathematics textbooks of Iran. In the synthesis section, the research community of all articles related to the teaching of mathematical vocabulary and the research sample, 36 articles are available, which were selected by searching the selected internal and external databases. The words extracted from the first to third grade elementary math textbooks were placed in eleven categories.