Seyyedeh Madjideh Mohammadnejad Ganji, Hossein Moradi, Ali Ghanbari, Mohammad Akbarzadeh,
Volume 4, Issue 2 (9-2017)
Abstract
Secondary metabolites have great pharmaceutical value in medicine. This study evaluates the effect of alti-tude on the amount and variety of secondary metabolites in lavender plant from two sites located in Mazandaran prov-ince. Sampling was performed in a randomized design with three replications. After the plants were dried, essential oil was extracted by distillation. Isolation and identification of constituents of the oil were performed by gas chromato-graphy and gas chromatography connected to mass spectroscopy. The results of this research led to the identification of 22 (99.96% of the total constituents) and 24 (97.01% of the total constituents) constituents in Baladeh and Behshahr sa-mples, respectively. Characteristics constituents included Andoyorneol (22.36%), 1, 8 cineole (20.7%), camphor (8.69%), α-Cadinol (7.60%), Caryophyllene oxide (5.09%) and Propanol (18.4%) in Behshahr population samples and Borneol (26.78%), 1, 8 cineole (20.19%), camphor (9.59%), α-Cadinol (5.80%), caryophyllene oxide (4.99%) and pr-opanol (3.41%) in Baladeh population samples. The differences in the output and combination of the essential oils in-dicated that the environmental as well as genetic factors can affect the production and amounts of the chemical comp-ounds in medical plants. Therefore, medicinal plants should be cultured in proper areas based on the aim of cultivation and the desired type of active materials.
Sasan Ghobadian, Hossein Ganjidoust, Bita Ayati, Neda Soltani,
Volume 5, Issue 1 (6-2018)
Abstract
Special properties and various applications of Spirulina species have led to the growing focus of biotechnology to the cost effective cultivation. Open ponds used in the most commercial cultivation have many deficiencies such as risk of contamination, lack of light penetration, inefficient mixing and low productivity. In this study, an innovative reactor was designed and manufactured. By adding a control area, it was possible to control some environmental conditions for a limited amount of open pond volume. The conventional pumping system was replaced by a new elevator system to reduce the damage of to the fragile cells. The baffles structure and aeration from bottom, contributed to better mixing system. The effect of tree factors (Circulation Cycle (Cir. Cyc.), Control Volume (Con.Vol.) and Irradiance Intensity (Irr. Int.) in units of hours, percentage and Lux respectively) on the quantity of biomass (Specific Growth Rate (SGR, day-1) and fifth and seventh day dry weight (g/L)) were evaluated using RSM-CCD. The maximum biomass dry weight (0.915 g/L) was achieved in longest circulation cycle (12 hours), 30% Con. Vol. and 7000 Lux light intensity. The optimal irradiance intensity to achieve the highest biomass was 8700 Lux. According to the results, due to the great influence of Con. Vol. and Cir. Cyc., it is possible to increase the productivity and enhance the culture dry weight by controlling a limited amount of ponds volume (20%), subject to economic considerations. These successful results can provide the context using a control zone for several open ponds to improve the overall efficiency.
Hamidreza Yahyaeipour, Farzaneh Ganji, Hamid Sepehri, Zahra Nazari,
Volume 10, Issue 1 (6-2023)
Abstract
Olfaction, the sense of smell, plays an important role in the individual's safety, nutrition, social interactions, sexual function, and quality of life. Diabetes mellitus, which affects more than 400 million people worldwide, is associated with olfactory dysfunction. This work evaluated the olfactory bulb structure of Type 2 diabetes rats. Type 2 diabetes induction was performed by administering 20mg/Kg Streptozotocin to adult Wistar rats for five days. 35 days after injection, animals were sacrificed, and olfactory bulb tissue was harvested for tissue processing and Nissl staining to evaluate the olfactory bulb structure. Based on the results, diabetic animals showed a significant decrease in the Glomeruli number compared to controls (P<0.05). Furthermore, we observed a significant decrease in the internal plexiform layer thickness in the olfactory bulb of diabetic rats when compared to controls (P<0.05). The present results showed that olfactory dysfunction in Type 2 diabetes rats is associated with olfactory bulb structural change, which indicates the olfactory bulb tissue damage caused by diabetes.
