دوره 6، شماره 1 - ( 2-1398 )                   جلد 6 شماره 1 صفحات 78-70 | برگشت به فهرست نسخه ها

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Khezri M. Effects of biofilm formation in bacteria from different perspectives . nbr 2019; 6 (1) :70-78
URL: http://nbr.khu.ac.ir/article-1-3044-fa.html
خضری مریم. اثرات تشکیل بیوفیلم در باکتری ها از دیدگاه های مختلف. یافته‌ های نوین در علوم زیستی. 1398; 6 (1) :70-78

URL: http://nbr.khu.ac.ir/article-1-3044-fa.html

اثرات تشکیل بیوفیلم در باکتری ها از دیدگاه های مختلف
مریم خضری*
دانشگاه ارومیه ، ma_khezri@yahoo.com
چکیده:   (6250 مشاهده)
اجتماعات باکتریایی قادر به تشکیل ساختارهای پیچیده و سه ­بعدی بیوفیلم هستند. تشکیل بیوفیلم جزء باستانی و جدایی ­ناپذیر چرخه زندگی پروکاریوت ­ها و عامل کلیدی بقا آنها در زیستگاه­ های اکولوژیکی مختلف است. در بیوفیلم، باکتری ­ها از حالت سلول آزاد و شناور به­ صورت ساکن درمی­ آیند. حضور در بیوفیلم موجب بروز صفات جدیدی در باکتری­ ها م ی­شود که آن ها را از سلول­ های آزاد متمایز می ­کند. مقاومت زیاد در برابر تیمارهای ضدمیکروبی و کمبود اکسیژن نتیجه حضور باکتری در بیوفیلم است. بیوفیلم ­ها در پاسخ به سیگنال­ های مختلف محیطی تشکیل می شوند و ژن­ های زیادی در تولید آنها دخالت دارند. بیوفیلم می ­تواند درون لوله­ های انتقال مایعات، روی وسایل و دستگاه­ های مورد استفاده در پزشکی، همچنین اعضا مصنوعی کاشته شده در بدن بیماران مشکل­ ساز باشد اما می ­توان از وجود بیوفیلم­ ها در جهت اهداف سودمند مانند پاکسازی آب فاضلاب­ های صنعتی و کشاورزی، تجزیه زیستی فلزات سنگین و فیلترهای زیستی آلودگی­ های هوا استفاده کرد. توانایی تولید بیوفیلم در باکتری­ های بیماری­زا، مزیتی برای حفظ و بقا آن­ها در شرایط نامساعد محسوب می ­شود و مشکلات زیادی در راه حذف آنها ایجاد می­ کند، زیرا باکتری­ های موجود در بیوفیلم معمولا در برابر آنتی­ بیوتیک ­ها و سموم شیمیایی مقاومت بالاتری نسبت به سلول­ های آزاد نشان می­ دهند. در ریزوباکتری­ های مفید گیاهی که جهت مهار زیستی بیماری های گیاهی یا افزایش رشد و بهبود کیفیت محصولات کشاورزی استفاده می ­شوند، توانایی تولید بیوفیلم به ­ویژه در فرایند تولید انبوه و تجاری ­سازی آنها به ­مثابۀ یک مزیت مطرح است. با توجه به اهمیت بیوفیلم باکتریایی در زندگی انسان، این نوشتار به اهمیت بیوفیلم از جنبه­ های مختلف می ­پردازد.
 

 
واژه‌های کلیدی: بیماری های گیاهی، تجزیه زیستی، سلامت انسان، فیلترهای زیستی، مهار زیستی
متن کامل [PDF 951 kb]   (2993 دریافت)    
نوع مطالعه: مروری | موضوع مقاله: میکروبیولوژی
دریافت: 1396/10/12 | ویرایش نهایی: 1398/2/16 | پذیرش: 1397/2/4 | انتشار: 1397/2/19 | انتشار الکترونیک: 1397/2/19
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