Dr Mehrzad Hamidi, Mrs Zahar Taslimi, Dr Reza Andam,
Volume 5, Issue 10 (12-2015)
Abstract
In this article, has been tried identifying and prioritizing Effective factors on recruiting volunteers in sport for all in Islamic Republic of Iran. The method of this study was descriptive-correlation. The statistical populations were the managers of sport for all federation, experts of administration of physical education and faculty members. The researcher-made questionnaire consist of 25 variable was used to collecting the data that its validity and reliability was confirmed by factor analyzed method (IFA & CFA). Freidman test (p ≤ 0.05) was elected to hypothesis testing. Twenty one variables were selected and classified into five categories “volunteers committee, marketing, informing, general advertising and personal advertising”. A five-point Likert scale was used to determine items significance. The results showed that the most important variable was “informing by teachers about the importance of sport for all and volunteerism (4.32±0.80; mean±SD)” and the least important variable was “sending massage to people’s mail box (3.76±0.93)”. So, managers should find potential volunteer resources and recruit them to complete their human resources by informing, advertising and marketing
Mr Mahmood Hashemi, Dr Mehr Ali Hemati Nezhad, Dr Nooshin Benar, Mr Sajad Momeni Piri, Mr Saeed Noroozi,
Volume 5, Issue 10 (12-2015)
Abstract
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to examine the process of retirement from professional sport from perspective of sports administrator and retired athletes. This survey was descriptive that 42 administrators and 70 retired athletes from Guilan province took part in it. Data gathered through SCT questionnaire which it's content and face validity was confirmed by 15 experts and reliability was computed in a pilot study that included 20 retired athletes and 15 sports administrator (r=0.91). The data were analyzed by using repeated measure, Pearson correlation coefficient and Independent t test. The results showed that, the reasons for sport retirement included achievement of goals championship, sport injuries, financial problems and having problems with coaching staff. Also health-related and job-related problems were the most problems which retired athletes were confronted them. Results showed there were significant differences among problems of sport retirement from the perspective of sports administrator and retired athletes. Also, there were significant relationships between reasons and problems of retirement (p≤0.05). With offering programs such as economic and financial, educational, professional, Public health and nutrition consultant, etc., sport organizations can prepare athletes to face with retirement and its likely problems.
Dr Mehrdad Moharam Zadeh, Mrs Mitra Mohamadi, Mr Mohamad Amin Sayadi, Mr Mohsen Vahdani,
Volume 5, Issue 10 (12-2015)
Abstract
Introduction: Physical activity is an important factor in maintaining of psychological and physical health, leisure time enrichment, development of social relations, avoid from mechanically life, return to nature and is way for reduce of stress and risk factors in public health. The purpose of this study is analysis of influencing factors on health ways usage in different points of Urmia city (with emphasis on use of body fitness units in parks). Methodology: Research strategy was descriptive- analytical and the method was questionnaire field study. Population includes the all of citizens above 20 years of Urmia city that was 96141 people, and sample of research consists of 384 peoples on the base of Morgan table. Research tools were consisted a researcher- made questionnaire that Reliability was (α=0.91), and was base on 5 point Lickert scale. Data were analyzed by factor analysis in meaningful level (p<0.05). Finding: The results showed that five factors extracted from the factor analysis rotation which expressed 5 dimensions of effective health ways usage consisted of quality of facilities (. /21.83), cultural factors (. /17.28), social factors (. /11.99), sub-structural factors (. /5.25) and finally environmental factors (. /2.74). Discussion: According to the results, all factors of this study have significant impact on the health way Usage. So, quality of facilities is the most important estimated factor that needs to be implemented effective strategies by the responsible entities.
Mr Reza Maleki, Mr Azim Salahi, Mr Ehsan Mohamad Nia, Mr Korosh Keymasi,
Volume 5, Issue 10 (12-2015)
Abstract
The purpose of the present research is investigation of the theoretical relationship between the main variables of online exercise performance and their impact upon rendering service quality via internet. The statistical population was included of all fans of Tehran Esteghlal sport club, who electronically and via web site purchased the fans products and received information through club media. The tool for gathering information and data was a questionnaire standardized. The validity of it had been verified by 20 sport management experts. Its reliability had also been verified in (cronbach, s a) %986 from. The data were analyzed by using the tests of 16 SPSS software and Lisrel in% 95 meaningful levels and %05 error levels. The results of the study showed that there is a meaningful relationship between the sport web site quality and interaction quality. There is a positive relationship between the sport web site quality and electronic satisfaction. At last, the explanation of relationship between web site quality, loyalty, and satisfaction is known as a meditative factor. This is an essential step in prediction of amount of user loyalty to sport web site. Totally, our model is in counterbalance with the data
Dr Vajholah Ghorbani Zadeh, Mr Hosein Alizadeh, Mr Sajad Khani, Mr Ali Mohamadi,
Volume 5, Issue 10 (12-2015)
Abstract
The present study has examined the effect of psychological capital on organizational citizenship behavior. This is a case study with cross-sectional design and questionnaire as research method. Statistical population was the formal and contract staff of the Ministry of Youth and Sport (N=210 Employees). The data related to psychological capital and organizational citizenship behavior variables are gathered via Luthans et al. (2007) and Podsakoff et al. (1994) standard questionnaires. The reliability of the standard questionnaire was measured by CR and AVE tests and the validity of that was measured by confirmatory factor analysis via Smart PLS Software. The questionnaire distributed among 160 employees that those selected randomly. Data analyzing was performed by Smart PLS and XLSTAT via structural equations method (SEM). The results show that psychological capital has a positive and meaningful impact on organizational citizenship behavior. We also showed that the most impact of dimensions of psychological capital on organizational citizenship behavior (R2:0.35) is made by altruism dimension.
Mr Abdolmajid Doorandish, Dr Alireza Elahi, Dr Hosein Poorsoltani,
Volume 6, Issue 11 (9-2016)
Abstract
Service quality is one of the most important subjects in marketing studies. Literature review shows that this variable is related to many important variables in marketing area. However, there is always this question of which components of service quality are better predictors for satisfaction and future intention of customers. The data gathered by three standard questionnaires: 1- service quality questionnaire of Lio 2- customer satisfaction questionnaire of Oliver; and 3- future intention of customer questionnaire of Lim .350 questionnaires were analyzed that gathered by used of multi-stage sampling among customers of body building clubs from Fars province. Results indicated that between, reliability showed the most of impact on customer satisfaction, while the empathy showed the lowest impact on customer satisfaction. Results, also, indicated that between, reliability and intangibility were respectively showed most of and lowest impact on future intention of customers
Mr Mohamad Maziari, Dr Seye Mohamad Kashef, Dr Mir Hasan Seyed Ameri,
Volume 6, Issue 11 (9-2016)
Abstract
Despite the importance of physical activity is clearly accepted by all, motivation and participation in physical education declines with age. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between the social support behavior of physical education teachers and motivation (absence of motivation) of student in P.E activities. This is a descriptive and correlation study. In doing so, we chose 381 one of high school students of Bookan city through multi-level cluster random method, as statistical samples, and to fill out, the questionnaire of motivation inventory – physical education (AI-PE) of Shen et.al (2010) with reliability (α=.78), and interpersonal behavior scale (IBS) of Pelletier et.al (2008) with reliability (α=.81). For data analyzing we used the Spearman correlation coefficient and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The results showed that there are negative and significant relationships between subscales of social support behavior (i.e. autonomy support, competence support, and relatedness support) with motivation, respectively (r=-0.207, r=-0.255, r=-0.216, p≤0.01). Also, according result of Structural equation modeling (SEM) social support behavior of physical education teachers effected on students’ motivation (0.21). According to the fact that, reduction of P.E teachers’ social support behavior may result students’ motivation, we recommend that P.E teachers increase the amount of social support, to finally improve students’ participation at school P.E activities.
Mr Hosein Bakhshandeh, Dr Majid Jalali Farahani, Dr Seyed Nasrollah Sajjadi,
Volume 6, Issue 11 (9-2016)
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of club's social responsibility on the fan's intention to purchasing the sponsors products. Population of this study was consists of the fans of three teams that selected of the Iranian Football Pro League. By using the formula to determine the sample size, it for infinite population obtained 384. For data collection, the social responsibility questionnaire and purchase intention questionnaire were used. By using the Views of 6 sports management professionals, the formal validity of the questionnaires was checked. To verify the Construct Validity of social responsibility instrument, Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis were performed. In order to verify the normality of data distribution, the skewnes, and Kurtosis indexes were used. For data analysis, statistical tests such as mean, standard deviation, factor analysis, Pearson correlation, and stepwise multiple regression method were used. Results showed that all dimensions of social responsibility have a significant effect on the fans reaction. Based on the research results, it is recommended to the managers that activities such as participating in the games aimed at helping needy people, implementing the federation’s rules, support of sport for all are suitable for enhancing the fan Purchase intention.
Dr Mohamad Ali Ghareh, Dr Marjan Safari, Dr Shahrzad Nayeri,
Volume 6, Issue 11 (9-2016)
Abstract
This research aims to reconstruct the functions of national media for development of recreational sports and present strategies and guidelines. The qualitative approach and data-based theorization method is used in this research. In this method, the functions and strategies of national media are elicited directly from the data obtained through profound interviews with experts in order to develop recreational sports. The statistical population in this study consists of all experts who have academic specialization and executive experience in the field of management of recreational sports and media, selected from the university and recreational sports authorities. Sampling method is snowball and 28 interviews are made with the experts as explained above. Based on the analyses of the interviews, nine functions are found for the national media in development of recreational sports. These include: the educational function, the informatic function, the awareness function, raising information, social coherence, institutionalization, highlighting, social marketing, modernism, and environmental supervision. In general terms, based on the findings of this research, one can state that media can have a prominent role in increasing the participation of people in recreational sports regarding the influence they have in attracting the audience and participating in the process of formation of public thoughts.
Dr Tahereh Nedaei, Dr Seyed Amir Ahmad Mozafari, Dr Fereidoon Tondnevis,
Volume 6, Issue 11 (9-2016)
Abstract
The purpose of this study was relationship between employee's readiness and effectiveness of sport federations. Population in this study were employees included of expertise , federation committee chiefs and vise chiefs federations committee , n=288 that were completed ( Employee- Readiness questionnaire and employees Effectiveness questionnaire .Reliability of each scale was tested : Employee readiness Cronbach's alpha =0/80 and employees effectiveness Cronbach's alpha=0/75 . Pearson correlation coefficient and hierarchical multiple regression analyses were performed on data from employees. The results indicated employee readiness was relatively high level. Willingness readiness was slightly higher than ability. There was a positive correlation between employee readiness components (willingness and ability) and employee effectiveness components (job performance, Job satisfaction, job stress, intend to stay) r=0/24. There was a positive correlation between employee's willingness and ability with job performance and Job satisfaction p<0/01 and no was correlation with job stress and intent to stay. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses revealed that employee ability was better predictor for employees job performance and employee willingness was better predictor for employees job satisfaction. The general conclusion from this study showed that there is a positive relationship between employees ‘readiness with effectiveness and readiness from components, ability with job performance and willingness with job satisfaction have relationship.
Dr Sara Keshkar, Dr Farzad Ghafoori, Mrs Samaneh Aramon,
Volume 6, Issue 11 (9-2016)
Abstract
Today sport celebrities are used as brand in marketing which is called as human branding. Thus the purpose of this study was to investigate if Iranians accept using people as brand for internal products marketing and also to identify the characteristics of a national human brand in sport. This research was a descriptive and Delphi research. The research population concluded of 45 panelists for Delphi method and three groups of university student athletes (N=322), sport coaches (N=196) and sport experts (N=100). The tools were two questionnaires. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire were approved. Also a factor analyzes method was used for the questionnaire. Results showed that using human as brand in sport marketing was not approval among population members. Also the characteristics identified for Iranian sport brands were similar to the western models in addition to religious, belief, magnanimity, and sport sprit, and moral behavior characteristics. So using human as brand in sport marketing is not an acceptable action among Iranians. But athletes can collaborate with Iranian producers if they can own the accepted characteristics
Dr Hamid Salehi, Mrs Nasrin Zandi Mashhadi, Dr Vahid Zolaktaf, Dr Vazgen Minasian,
Volume 6, Issue 12 (11-2016)
Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate the factor analysis and internal consistency of
a Persian version of the Athletes’ Retirement Decision Inventory (P-ARDI).
Fernandez et al. (2006) developed this instrument based on the push, pull, antipush,
and anti-pull point of view. We required 243 Iranian elite competitive athletes
(mean age = 25.19 years; 81% male) to complete the questionnaire. The factor
structure of the P-ARDI was evaluated by explanatory and confirmatory factor
analysis. The internal consistency was determined by Cronbach’s alpha. According
to the results, four-factor solution principal component analysis accounted for
65.02% of the variance of the final 36-item version of the P-ARDI. The Cronbach’s
alpha coefficient for the aforementioned factors was found to be greater than 0.7.
In sum, the results suggest that the retirement decision process was found to be
much more complex and multidimensional.
Dr Rahim Ramezaninezhad, Dr Mehr Ali Hemati Nezhad, Dr Mohamad Rahim Ramezanian, Mr Mohamad Hasan Gholizadeh, Mr Misagh Hoseini Keshtan,
Volume 6, Issue 12 (11-2016)
Abstract
The purpose of the present study is to investigate the impact of managerial
changes on the performance of football clubs in Iranian premier league. The
statistical population of present study contains all clubs which participated in 12
seasons of Iranian football clubs premier league from 2001 to 2013. The whole
data was extracted from the archive of premier league organization and Foolad
Mobarakeh Sepahan sport club. Improvement or degradation of football clubs in
each season compared to the previous season based on managerial changes or
stability has been investigated. The data was analyzed with one way ANOVA with
Gabriel post hoc test, and independent sample t test in significant lower than 0.05.
Results revealed that managerial stability had significant effect on improvement of
the performance, and successive changes of executive managers had significant
impact on degradation of performance. Results showed that managerial changes
caused a 2.48 decline in their rank on the league schedule, and managerial
stability caused a 1.00 improvement in their rank on the league schedule.
Generally analysis of results supported the hypothesis that managerial stability
provides enough time for implementation and realization of long term and short
term goals and final improvement on clubs performance.
Mr Chalak Majidi, Dr Mehrdad Moharam Zadeh,
Volume 6, Issue 12 (11-2016)
Abstract
In recent years by technology development and changes in lifestyles of
communities, adventure sports as a new field of sport is growing in a rapid rate and
attracted fans in different communities. Importance of leisure time and sport
tourism makes this issue an importante area for scientific research. Thus, the
purpose of this study is to investigate the barriers and solutions of adventure sports
development in Sanandaj city. The descriptive survey methodology would be
applied based upon the case study. Statistical sample due to volume of population
was equal to target population(n=N=39). SWOT analysis to investigating the
internal (strength & weakness) and external (opportunity & threats) factors use to
analyze strategic position. To collect the data, library resources, literature and
background review, interviews and questionnaires was used. The Final score of
evaluate internal factors (2.698) and external factors (2.554) matrices locate
Sanandaj city in SO strategies. Thus, it is recommended to focus on aggressive
development strategy.
Mr Meysam Abyari, Dr Seyed Ahamd Nezhad Sajadi, Dr Esmaeil Sharifian,
Volume 6, Issue 12 (11-2016)
Abstract
The purpose of this study is investigating the effect of sport orientation on sport
commitment in Women's Football Pro League of Iran. Research method of this
study is correlation. The population of this study consists of all women football
players presented in 2th course of match in women football pro league. The
sample size of the research is equal to the population size (200 players). The
instrument for data collecting consists of Gill and Deeter (1988) sport orientation
questionnaire (with 6 items), and Scanlon (1993) sport commitment questionnaire
(with 14 item). Validity of questionnaires have been estimated and approved by
Ramezan Nezhad (1384) and Fathi (1390) in their researches. In this research,
validity of questionnaires was estimated by 10 professional sport management
professors, too, and the reliability of the questionnaires were calculated by
Choronbachs alpha coefficient (sport orientation alpha=0.90, sport commitment
alpha=0.86). In order to verify the normality of data distribution, the Kolmogorov-
Smirnov test was used. Data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential tests
such as Pearson correlation and simple regression. Result showed that sport
orientation has a positive and significant effect on sport commitment.
Dr Maryam Mokhtari Dinani, Dr Abbas Nazarian Madavani,
Volume 6, Issue 12 (11-2016)
Abstract
Today, Organizational culture has an important role in implementation of
Knowledge management. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to predict of
knowledge management through organizational culture in sports organizations.
The Statistical popularly was all managers of National Olympic committee, National
Paralympics committee, National Olympic Academy, and Sport Federations
(N=225). Base on Morgan table, 421 people were selected to this research with
random stratified sampling method.
Probst & et al. (2000) knowledge management questionnaire and Edwin (2006)
organizational culture questionnaire was used to collect data. Data analysis was
performed by the linear and multiple regression.The results of present study
showed there was significant relationship between knowledge management and
organizational culture (p<0.05). Organizational culture had predicted the
knowledge management. Also, organizational flexibility, organizational compatibility
and organizational participation had the most significant prediction with Knowledge
management. With regard to these results, notice to organizational culture in work
place by sport managers can as an effective factor for enhancement of knowledge
managment.
Dr Reza Andam, Mr Amir Montazeri, Mrs Zahra Karimi,
Volume 6, Issue 12 (11-2016)
Abstract
The study of work ethics and job satisfaction have gained great significance
following the failures of major corporations and the West’s crisis. The purpose of
research was to analyze the relationship between work ethics and satisfaction
events volunteers in sport. The method that applied in research was descriptivecorrelation.
The research statistic population consists of all volunteers participating
in twelfth sport-cultural Olympiad of male and female students of universities all
around the country.133 persons were evaluated as the sample of the research. For
collecting data, They completed two questionnaires work ethic of Petty(1990), and
satisfaction of volunteer experiences of Mallaei et al (1388). Face and content
validity of the questionnaires were approved by experts. Reliability of the
questionnaire work ethic (Cronbach's alpha) and satisfaction of volunteer
experiences was α=0.82 and α=0.92, respectively. The results of the Pearson
correlation showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between
work ethic and Satisfaction Volunteers. The stepwise regression analysis showed
two aspects of work ethic (healthy relations and diligence at work) had positive and
significant role in anticipation the satisfaction of volunteers (p≤ 0/01). it is
recommended to athletic directors to increase satisfaction in sport volunteers by
providing ethic codes and developing work ethic principles
Dr Esfandiar Khosravi Zadeh, Dr Alireza Elahi, Dr Alireza Bahrami, Mr Abed Haghdadi, Mr Tiam Nastoohi,
Volume 7, Issue 13 (4-2017)
Abstract
Women sport have been developed, but it seems that sport coaches confronted with some problems. The purpose of this study was to survey the women sport coaches problems. The statistical population was women sport coaches that working with Arak sport bodies. The statistical sample consisted of 76 coaches. Data were collected by researcher-made questionnaire which its content and face validity was confirmed by 10 faculty members and experts of sport management. Factor analysis was used to construct validity of questionnaire. Coronbachs alpha coefficient was used to test the reliability of questionnaire (α = 0.85). Friedman test was used to analyze the data. The results showed that the participants have been confronted with some problems on areas such as sport organizations, sport spaces, athletes, personal, media, and other coaches that influence on their coaching. Solving these problems can help coaches so they perform their key duties and help to women sport development
Mr Seyed Mahdi Seyed Bagheri, Dr Esmaeil Sharifian,
Volume 7, Issue 13 (4-2017)
Abstract
The aim of this study was to identify and prioritize barriers to sponsorship of private sponsorship of sport of champions in Kerman province. The research method was survey and Based on applied objective. The statistical population included top managers of private firms in Kerman province (N =150) Which 108 companies were selected with simple random sampling. The required data were collected by using researcher made questionnaire. Face validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by 10 experts in sports management and content validity was calculated based on Lawshe model CVI=0.92. In order to identify the factors and assess the construct validity, exploratory factor analysis method was used. Internal reliability was obtained with Cronbach Alpha α=0.82. To analyze the data one sample t test and ANOVA test were used. Results of factor analysis showed that 57% of the total variance was related to four factors: One-sample t test results showed that there were significant differences between all of the barriers with score criteria. Also results of ranking of barriers showed that the factor of legal-government is the most important factor inhibitor with an average of 3.76 and sports management was minimum repressor factor in the lack of financial support private companies of sport of champions with an average of 3.68. Therefore Codification of legislation and regulations for the sponsors is very important to eliminate the barriers of their participation in the sport of champions.
Dr Mehr Ali Hemmati Nezhad, Mr Hatam Masoomi,
Volume 7, Issue 14 (12-2017)
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to explain the relationship between brand personality dimensions and customers’ loyalty to sport brands in Rasht. The method of present survey was descriptive and applied, also the statistical population was loyal customers to sport brands in Rasht. In order to data collection two questionnaires; Geuens & Wulf (2009) for measuring brand personality dimensions and Lau et all (2006) that investigated customers loyalty to sportswear in Hong Kong, after determining the validity and reliability was confirmed by using Cronbach’s alpha (0.7); were used. The results of Linear Regression of 407 loyal customers were shown there were positive and negative significant relationships between brand personality dimensions (Activity, Aggressiveness, Responsibility, Emotionality and Simplicity) and customers loyalty components to sport brands (Brand name, Service quality, Store environment, Product quality, Promotion, Price and Style). Some of these results are as below: activity dimension and brand name factor; activity and aggressiveness dimensions and service quality factor; activity, simplicity and responsibility dimensions and store environment factor; activity, aggressiveness and responsibility dimensions and product quality factor. There were also some negative ones between simplicity dimension and product quality and style factors. The result of Friedman test revealed that product quality, style, brand name, promotion, price, store environment and service quality were the most fundamental and crucial factors for the customers’ loyalty respectively. Regarding to the findings attention to customers’ demands and needs significantly has effect on performance improvement and local produced Sport brand’s success to attracting the customers and making them loyal in order to achieving more market share in comparison with competitors in international markets.
