Showing 26 results for Behavior
Volume 4, Issue 7 (8-2014)
Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between emotional intelligence and organizational citizenship behaviors. The statistical population of this study was the staff members of Physical Education Organization of Khorasan-e Razavi Province (N=75). The size of population was selected as, the size of sample. For gathering data, two standard questionnaires, driven from emotional intelligence (Schuz et al, 1993) and organizational citizenship behavior (Organ and Konovsky, 1996) were used. Validity of questionnaires was achieved through considering comments of professors of sport management course and by using Cronbach’s alpha test the reliability of knowledge management and creativity questionnaires were found to be 0.78 and 0.81, respectively. The research method is descriptive and correlational which has been done through field method. Descriptive scales and Kolmogorov-Smirnov statistical tests, Pearson correlation coefficient and regression analysis were used to analyze the data. The results of correlation test indicated that there is a positive and significant relation between (r=0.263, P=0.03) emotional intelligence satisfaction and organizational citizenship behavior. Furthermore between Emotional Intelligence and factors altruism (r=0.249, P=0.041), the conscience (r=0.243, P=0.046) positive and significant relationship was observed. But between emotional intelligence and factors sportsmanship (r=0.121, P=0.327), civic virtue (r=0.063, P=0.612) and courtesy (r=0.107, P=0.384) no-significant relationship was observed. Furthermore the results of regression analysis showed that emotional intelligence is expect to qualify altruism and conscience. Therefore can take the advantage of learned behaviors in the organization, to improve the emotional intelligence of employees paid out and standard work and by improving systems of proper promotion system based on merit principles of mental and emotional efficiency in work and organizational citizenship behavior in the organization expanded.
Volume 4, Issue 8 (12-2014)
Abstract
A significant portion of research exploring pre-performance routines in sport has focused on the behavioral and temporal characteristics of the routines. This study aimed to investigate the role of behavioral and temporal consistency in those pre-performance routines. The duration and dominant behavioral patterns exhibited before each free throw (N = 1025) were observed during a total of 60 Iranian Super League games. An intra-individual standardized score was calculated for duration of shots as consistency index for temporal pattern of pre-shot routine durations. Each player’s (N = 30) dominant behavioral pre-shot routines and success free throws percentage rate were identified, then each shot was classified as “routines followed” or “routines not followed”. Results revealed that players were more successful when they followed their dominant behavioral routines (64.66% success rate) than when they deviated from their specific behavioral routines (55.17% success rate). There was no significant correlation between the consistency index and free throws success percentage in observed shots. The results suggest that players in Iranian Basketball Super League solely benefit from behavioral patterns of pre-shot routines in implementation of free throws. Moreover it seems that consistency in temporal pattern of shots duration is of less importance in successful shots
Volume 4, Issue 8 (12-2014)
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between school organizational climate and job involvement of physical education teachers in city of Rasht. The statistical population of this study were consist of physical education teachers in city of Rasht who were comprised of three educational levels (N=200). One hundred and seventy people (85%) participated in this study. The data were collected using the Organizational Climate Description Questionnaire Revision Secondary Schools (OCDQ-RS) with high validity (&alpha= 0.82) and Edwards and Kilpatrick Job Involvement Questionnaire with high validity (&alpha= 0.83). The data was analyzed by using Spearman Correlation Coefficient (p&le0.05). The results indicated that open school climate of primary, guidance, and secondary schools were in middle level. The findings of this study also indicated that organizational climate (R= o.67), and its dimensions of engaged teachers behavior (R= 0.56), intimate teachers behavior (R= 0.66) and supportive managers behavior were positively significant related to teacher job involvement, However, directive managers behavior (R= -0.56) and frustrated teachers behavior were negatively significant related to the teacher job involvement. Therefore it was concluded that, the relationship between behaviors of physical education teachers and supportive behaviors of school managers can effects on their job involvement.
Dr Vajholah Ghorbani Zadeh, Mr Hosein Alizadeh, Mr Sajad Khani, Mr Ali Mohamadi,
Volume 5, Issue 10 (12-2015)
Abstract
The present study has examined the effect of psychological capital on organizational citizenship behavior. This is a case study with cross-sectional design and questionnaire as research method. Statistical population was the formal and contract staff of the Ministry of Youth and Sport (N=210 Employees). The data related to psychological capital and organizational citizenship behavior variables are gathered via Luthans et al. (2007) and Podsakoff et al. (1994) standard questionnaires. The reliability of the standard questionnaire was measured by CR and AVE tests and the validity of that was measured by confirmatory factor analysis via Smart PLS Software. The questionnaire distributed among 160 employees that those selected randomly. Data analyzing was performed by Smart PLS and XLSTAT via structural equations method (SEM). The results show that psychological capital has a positive and meaningful impact on organizational citizenship behavior. We also showed that the most impact of dimensions of psychological capital on organizational citizenship behavior (R2:0.35) is made by altruism dimension.
Mrs Maryam Taheri Kia, Mrs Atefeh Asad Zadeh, Dr Alireza Elahi,
Volume 8, Issue 15 (8-2018)
Abstract
The participation of spectators– including both men and women- in sport stadiums and their profitability is one of the new experiences in the world of sports . A significant proportion of Persepolis and Esteghlal fans are women; so, providing conditions for women's loyalty to these teams can help in some decisions on fans management.One of the reasons for loyalty of fans may be the team's quality. In this study, attitudinal and behavioral loyalty of Persepolis and Esteghlal fans was predicted by quality of teams. For this purpose, 395 cases were randomly selected from female students who were the fans of Esteghlal and Persepolis teams from 20 universities in Tehran using Morgan table. They completed Zhang's quality of team questionnaire (1997) and Mahoney’s fans psychological commitment questionnaire (2000). The results indicated significant and direct relationship between team’s quality and fans attitudinal loyalty (r = 0.449, p <0.01). Also, quality of team explained about 20% of change in fans’ attitudinal loyalty ( According to results, attitudinal loyal of fans was impressed by the quality of team. Then, employing famous players and coaches, providing attractive games, and things like that, female fans may be more loyal.
Dr Alireza Omidi, Dr Somaieh Safari,
Volume 8, Issue 15 (8-2018)
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to survey the impact of organizational citizenship behavior on the customer-oriented in sport facilities in Shahrekord. The research method was descriptive, correlational that the survey was carried out. The study population included all employees of public and private sports facilities were Shahrekord. Measuring instruments included OCB questionnaire Paul and Mngvk (2002) and Customer oriented questionnaire Hajjat(2002)were that After ensuring the validity and reliability approved by the Confirmatory factor analysis of the samples investigated were distributed. In order to determine causal relationships and modeling, structural equation modeling (SEM) was used. Based on the results of structural equation modeling, Citizenship behavior variable rate (0/34) a significantly positive effect on customer orientation. It was also observed that a significantly positive effect of OCB (0/21) on the customer's needs. While non-significant positive effect (0/13) on the customer's delight. Hence to encourage direct customer orientation the need knowledge of the requirements of the Customer and about the variable citizenship behavior by focusing on the behavior of consciousness, consciousness and altruism can expect that customer surface growth was better.
Mr Moosa Alizadeh, Dr Mehrdad Moharram Zadeh, Dr Alireza Elahi,
Volume 9, Issue 17 (9-2019)
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of perceived value on loyalty and purchase behavior of Spectators. This study was a correlation research and in from field study. The study population consists of all spectators Tractor Club. Data was collected by 3 questionnaires. This questionnaires consist perceived value(sweeny,2008), loyalty(Mahoony,2000) and purchase behavior(2008) that after review of face and content validity by the sport marketing experts, questionnaires was applied in a pilot study and their reliability was confirmed by Cronbach’s alpha test (0.82, 0.88 & 0.74) was approved. In addition, construct validity (factor analysis) of the measurement tool was confirmed using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and Structural Equation Model (SEM). Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics (Frequency, Mean and Standard deviation) and inferential statistics (Pearson correlation test, K-S, leven, simple linear regression, structural equation modeling). The results showed that among the perceived value, loyalty and purchase behavior, positive significant relationship exists. Generally about 35% of the variance of Loyalty and about 31% of the variance of the components of the consumption behavior could be determined by Perceived Value. Therefore, the club managers simply due to this factor can cause the greater satisfaction of spectators in the stadium and the resulting profit achieved for the club.
Dr Vahid Saatchian, Mrs Soosan Rahimi, Dr Bahador Azizi,
Volume 9, Issue 17 (9-2019)
Abstract
The purpose of current study was "Predicting the Future Behavior of Customers of Aquatic Parks in Mashhad based on Social Identity of Brand". The method of this study was descriptive and correlative. The statistical population was consisted all customers in Mashhad aquatic parks in the summer of 2015, that based on the existing sources, 377 questionnaires were distributed with an expectancy of 90% returned. Also to collect information, 2 questionnaires including brand's social identity Hay et al. (2011) and the decisions of future behavior (BFIS) Berry (1996) were used. The results showed that all subscales of Brand's Social Identity are not effective on the future behavior of customers and the impact of these subscales that increase the future behavior of customers, according to a beta coefficient of components, that have the highest impact respectively: 1. Customers confiedence in brand (beta 0.35) 2. Consumer's satisfaction (beta 0.16) 3. Perceived value of the brand (beta 0.11). Results showed a good correlation between future behavior of the customer's and perceived value of the brand. If we define the perceived value of the product or service that is under the influence of brand identity as the measure of value by customers to brand's product and the cost that their spend to gain that product or service, then provided services by these aquatic parks have high value for the customers. Or we can say that the good identity of brand had a positive effect on percieved value of brand.
Dr Amin Amini, Dr Shahzad Tahmasebi Boroujeni, Dr Elahe Arabameri, Dr Hasan Ashayeri,
Volume 10, Issue 20 (11-2020)
Abstract
The ability to direct the gaze to optimal areas in the environmental context, at the appropriate time, is central to success in all sports. The aim of this study was to changes determine the elements of QE, during the run a reactivity launcher targeting skill, under different environmental demands. That was done to identify perceptual - cognitive effects performance-based infrastructure processes. Thus, 8 Athletes (22-28 Years old) with at least 5 years’ experience in dart throwing, in a counterbalanced manner performed under four target conditions of constraints environmental. Regulatory conditions (stationary/in motion) and inter-trial variability (present/absent) created four target conditions for reaction. During the run a launcher targeting skill and was continuously recorded characteristics related to gaze behavior in each scenario. In each condition, 10 trails 20 seconds conducted. Gaze behavior using an eye-tracking device Dikablis Professional Wireless model recorded and analyzed using DLab software information processing system and variance (ANOVA) with repeated measures. Results showed that there was significant between averages QE in four different environmental contexts (P≤0.001). The fastest QE onset was observed stationary – no inter-trial variability and QE offset and QE period belonged to in motion – no inter-trial variability and in motion– inter-trial variability. In general investigating factors involved in skillful performance in different implementation conditions in response to various constraints can be facilitator and effective in identifying important factors learning motor skills.
Dr Ayoub Asadi, Dr Mahmood Sheikh, Dr Davood Hoomanian, Dr Saleh Rafiei,
Volume 10, Issue 20 (11-2020)
Abstract
Focus of Attention and Quiet Eye (QE) of the affecting variables on aiming task performance in recent decades have always been interesting for psychologist and sport science researchers. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of attention instructions on gaze behavior and accuracy of dart throwing of novice in low and high task load. In a semi-experimental design with repeated measurements, participant performed dart throwing under three attentional condition (internal, external and control) in two different task load (low and high). Result showed the external focus in high load task improved accuracy of dart throwing than internal focus; in the event that, for low load task there was no significant difference between the attentional conditions. Also, for QE none of attention, load task and their interaction effects was not significant. Results of research for performance supported the constrained action hypothesis; and in contrast to the conscious processing hypothesis. Also the result of gaze behavior suggests several interesting areas for future research.
Dr Hamid Zahedi, Mis Forogh Tabatabaei,
Volume 11, Issue 21 (7-2021)
Abstract
Purpose: of this research was to compare the effects of internal/external and related/unrelated on Quiet eye changes and accuracy free throw of skilled male basketball players. Methodology: The statistical population of this research was all-male skilled basketball players of Esfahan city in 2017. Using purposeful sampling, 20 skilled basketball players (24/55±2/25 years) who were eligible to enter the research (using the Basketball Premier League players according to the test of the level of mastery of free throwing basketball) were selected. In order to measure the accuracy of basketball throwing, an eight-value scale was used. To measure the Quiet eye changes Eye-tracking was used. In order to analyze data using SPSS software using paired t-test and analysis of variance with repeated measures were used. Results: showed the impact of each of the strategies on the accuracy of free throws and Quiet eye changes in skilled basketball players. Also, unrelated external focus strategy compared with other strategies, further enhancing the accuracy of the basketball free throw and further increased the length of the Quiet eye of skilled basketball players Conclusion: It is recommended that coaches use an irrelevant external strategy to improve the performance and behavior of skilled athletes.
Reza Khorshidi, Dr Alireza Elahi, Dr Farideh Hadavi,
Volume 11, Issue 21 (7-2021)
Abstract
This study was done to predict Consumption Behavior of spectators including tendency to Attend Again and purchasing marked merchandises. So, using correlation method, presented spectators in Azadi Stadium are chosen as statistical population. 696 people were chosen randomly and fill Alimohammadi's questionnaire of factors affecting presence and Kim's questionnaire of spectators' Consumption Behavior. Results from multi-regression analyze show that excitement, attendance & support, interaction & escape and information & attractiveness components have ability to prediction tendency to spectators of Esteghlal and Perspollis Attend Again and attendance and support components have ability to prediction purchasing marked merchandises. Attendance and support components have the most influence and interaction and escape have the least effect on spectators' tendency to Attend Again. According to these results, it can be suggested to managers of this clubs to more activate fan clubs, increase matches excitements and improve knowledge of spectators.
Mr Shahoo Zamanidadaneh, Dr Mohamma Reza Esmaili, Dr Ali Zarei,
Volume 11, Issue 22 (12-2021)
Abstract
Nowadays, social responsibility is not limited to specific organization, and clubs and sports teams have included various forms of social responsibility in their goals and are involved in their implementation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of club social responsibility on the supportive behavior of the brand of football fans with the mediating role of attitude: The moderator role was empathy. The method of the present study was descriptive-survey and was applied studies according to the purpose. In the present study, Persepolis Club as the study club and the statistical population of the present study consisted of all fans of Persepolis Club.360 people were selected as the research sample and the available sampling method was used. Galbraith (2010) questionnaire was used to evaluate social responsibility, Zhi et al. (2019) questionnaire was used to support brand behaviors, and Zhi et al. (2019) questionnaire was used to measure attitude and empathy variables.To review and analyze of the data, descriptive and inferential statistics were used using the construction equation model, which used SPSS 25 and Smart PLS 3.2.9 software for experiments and analysis. The results showed that social responsibility had an effect on brand support behaviors and fan attitudes, also,the attitude of the fans on the supportive behaviors of the brand was influential and the mediating role of the fans' attitude regarding the impact of social responsibility on the supportive behaviors was confirmed. Finally, empathy plays a moderating role between the impacts of club social responsibility on fan supportive behaviors.
Dr Maryam Taherikia, Dr Alireza Elahi, Dr Hossein Akbari Yazdi,
Volume 12, Issue 23 (9-2022)
Abstract
In recent decades, sports organizations have paid special attention to the importance of considering the purchase behavior of customers. Meanwhile, the variables that can have an impact on customers' purchase behavior have been considered. This study aimed to determine the causal relationship between relationship marketing and purchase behavior of spectators using structural equation modeling. For this purpose, two questionnaires including Kim’s relationship marketing and purchase behavior questionnaires (2008) were used. After confirming their validity and reliability, these questionnaires were distributed among the sample. Sample was consisted of 430 spectators who participated in Foolade_Shahr Stadium to watch the Sepahan’ games using Morgan table. The research method was statistical -correlational and it was based on the structural equation model. The results of path analysis showed that relationship marketing has an impact on purchase behavior of spectators (β= 0.043, p≤0.05). Considering the findings of this study, approaches can be provided to determine the strategy of relationship marketing and evaluate the impact of this strategy on purchase behavior of spectators- as the main customers of football clubs.
Dr Amir Hossein Sepehrian, Dr Mahdi Talebpour, Ms Malihe Sadat Aghaei Shahri, Mr Majid Zahmati,
Volume 13, Issue 25 (9-2023)
Abstract
The purpose of this research is to investigate the relationship and factors affecting the shopping motivation and regret after shopping of the major customers of sports products. This research was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive and survey in terms of nature and method. The statistical population of this study was all customers of sports products in Khorasan Razavi province that According to the Cochran sample size, 384 people were selected as a statistical sample by random cluster sampling And completed the standard questionnaires of regret after the purchase of Delacroix et al. (2007) and the study of purchasing motivations of Iranian consumers Heidarzadeh and Bahrami (2015). Data analysis was performed by SPSS and AMOS software. The results showed that the variable of shopping motivation was affected by factors such as shopping at auction, utilitarian shopping, pleasure shopping, role playing, brand consciousness and awareness (brand loyalty), sensory motivation and inspiring shopping, quality awareness, social shopping, fun or entertainment shopping and value shopping respectively. Also, the two dimensions of feeling regret after shopping and feeling regret due to not shopping were the two factors that explained the variable of shopping regret. On the other hand, it was observed that there is a correlation between shopping motivation and shopping regret and the relationship model between shopping motivation and shopping regret has a good fit. Therefore, identifying shopping motivations can be effective for owners, marketers and sellers of sports equipment stores in creating long-term relationships between sellers and customers.
Dr Alireza Elahi, Mr Farhad Fathi,
Volume 13, Issue 25 (9-2023)
Abstract
The Present Study has Disburse to Determine the Factors Affecting Attendance of Iranian Spectator in Volleyball World League and its Relationship to their Purchase Behaviors. This Study was a Correlation Research and in form of Field Study. To Collect Data Standardized Questionnaires Factors Affecting Attendance’s Alimohammadi (1390) and Purchase Behavior’s Kim (2008) between Samples (n=372) were Collected and Distributed. The Opinions of Professors and Experts in the field of Sport Management Was Used to Ensure Renewed of Validity of Questions and Items that Used to Measurement the Implications of the Study. The Reliability of the Instrument Was Approved by Using Cronbach's alpha Coefficient in order for the Questionnaires Factors Affecting Attendance and Purchase Behavior Was 0/85 and 0/70. The Results Showed that Vicarious Achievement, Information and Attraction and Excitement were the most Important in Factors Affecting Attendance Spectator and in front of the Facilities, Attending and Support, Scheduling and Inform were the least Important. Results also Showed that the Attending and Support (t=4.44 and β=0.243), Operation (t=2.102 and β=0/117) and Excitement (t=2.43 and β=0/136) has a significant causal relationship with the Purchase Behavior. Considering to the Findings of Research on the Factors Affecting Attendance Spectator could be Provide Guidelines for the Management of the Federation in Attractant Spectators.
Zahra Nezakat Alhosseini, Saleh Rafiee, Sadegh Nasri,
Volume 13, Issue 26 (12-2023)
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of observational practice on anticipation and visual search behavior in handball players in handball defense positions. The participants were 23 male handball players aged 16-19 years, who were members of Isfahan national youth and Pishgaman team. The players viewed clips of handball defense positions using eye-tracking glasses. They verbally expressed their anticipation about the outcome of the ball position during the pre-test. The players were divided into two groups: gaze behavior, which was observed (observation of output clips of eye-tracking glasses) and observation group, which observed only handball clips. Then the two groups were retested after 10 sessions of 45 minutes. The results of repeated measures analysis of variance and Muchly test with sphiricity assumed illustrated that the anticipation accuracy and visual search behavior of the gaze behavior group in the post-test were significantly better than the observation group. Defending handball players in the 3×3 position compared to the other two positions (2 × 2, 1 × 1), focused on the background and kinematics of the attacking player to anticipate and identify the attacking player pattern.
Neda Karimi, Alireza Elahi, Hossein Akbari Yazdi,
Volume 100, Issue 100 (10-2020)
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the role of mediator of overall and emotional satisfaction in the relationship between perceived value and behavioral intentions of spectators in the Premier League. This is an applied and correlational study with structural equation modeling approach.The statistical population consist of the spectators present at Azadi Stadium (96-97). A sample of 383 people was selected through Non-random voluntary sampling. For data collection, a standard questionnaire was used. SPSS and Smart PLS softwares were used for data analysis. The findings of the study showed that Perceived value indirectly has a significant relationship with emotional satisfaction on behavioral intentions and according to the VAF index, it can be concluded that emotional satisfaction has a %48 mediator role between perceived value and spectator’s behavioral intention. While the mediator role of overall satisfaction in relation between perceived value and behavioral intentions of spectators is not significant. The findings imply that emotional satisfaction plays an important role in shaping the behavioral intentions of the spectators, and that sport authorities and marketers can by appropriate planning, implement emotion-making agents for the satisfaction of the spectators. in order to reinforce the behavioral intention.
Hossein Alimohammadi, Javad Adabi Firouzjah, Tahereh Gholami, Samira Akbari,
Volume 100, Issue 100 (10-2020)
Abstract
The purpose of this research was to investigate the environmentally friendly behavior of active sports tourists visiting Bushehr beach sports tourism destinations for beach and water sports. The research sample consisted of 102 active sports tourists who were selected by available method and completed the research questionnaire. The research tools included questionnaires of Eco-friendly compliance, Eco-friendly policy, Eco-friendly disposition and word-of-mouth advertisement by Kontojiani and Kotoris (2014). Frequency and percentage indices were used for descriptive statistics and structural equation modeling was done using PLS3 software in the inferential statistics section. The results showed that the Eco-friendly compliance of sports recreation centers providing coastal sports tourism services has a significant effect on the word-of-mouth promotion of active sports tourists, and also the Eco-friendly policy among sports tourists has a significant effect on the Eco-friendly disposition. Eco-friendly disposition did not have a causal relationship with the word-of-mouth advertising of sports tourists. The compliance of sports tourism service providers with environmental protection indicators did not have a significant effect on the Eco-friendly disposition, and this indicates that those sports tourists who have an Eco-friendly policy, in any situation, they show their Eco-friendly disposition. Considering the influence of the Eco-friendly policy on the Eco-friendly disposition of sports tourists, it is suggested that courses and educational programs in different platforms for members of the society, especially sports tourists, in order to familiarize themselves with environmental issues and improve the way and their environmental attitude should be done.
Dr. Faezeh Zamanian, Dr. Majid Vesalinaseh,
Volume 100, Issue 100 (10-2020)
Abstract
Attempting to enact both feminine and masculine gender-role norms may cause to some psychological and physical problems. This issue is concerned as gender-role conflict phenomenon in female athletes. However, research findings did not support sufficiently this notion. The purpose of this study was to explore the gender-role norms in the context of soccer and experience of gender-role conflict as women who participate in a traditional masculine sport such as soccer. 15 women soccer players between the age of 19 and 32 years old on Iranian super league were interviewed. The results indicated that women soccer players perceived numerous discrepant gender-role norms in the context of soccer. Also, it was explored three different types of gender-role conflict. Participants used various strategies to manege and coping with the gender role conflict. Overall, it is not an intense internal state of conflict, and applying some of those strategies can help them avoiding conflict.
