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The present study examined the relationship between coach's leadership styles and group cohesion in the individual and group teams participating in the 10^th sport domestic universiade of male students. 321 out of 1906  students selected as sample of this study. Athletes completed two instruments in this study Leadership Scale for Sport (LSS, Chelladurai & Saleh, 1980) and the Group Environment Questionnaire (GEQ, Carron, Widmeyer, & Brawley, 1985). The LSS contains 40 items that measures five dimensions of leadership styles and The GEQ with 18 items assess the two dimensions group cohesion. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was utilized to examine the internal reliability of LSS (r=0.85) and GEQ (r=0.72). Data were analyzed with one-sample kolmogrov-Smirnov, repeated measures ANOVA, Bonfferoni post hoc test,Pearson Correlation coefficient, and T-test(for independent groups), significance level of P&le0.05. Results showed coaches exhibited higher in training and instruction and lower in autocratic style among both interactive group teams and co-acting teams. Finally, there are no significant differences in task and social levels of interactive group teams and co-acting teams. Results showed coach’s styles of training and instruction, democratic, social support and positive feedback were all positively correlated to group cohesion and autocratic style negatively correlated to group cohesion.

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The purpose of this study was to predict competition result of judo players base on emotional intelligence and its subscales. To get this research done, a 70 person sample from Population of judo players of national leagues in 90-91 season were selected (age = 22.0 ± 3.36 year, judo experience 8.4 ± 2.33 year). The instrument which used in this research was emotional intelligence questionnaire of “Bar-on” that was completed by athletes prior to the competition. Then, the competition result of each athlete was recorded in the questionnaire by the researcher. To analysis the data, descriptive Statistics, independent t_test and logistic regression were used. The results indicate that there is a significant relationship between emotional intelligence and its subscales with the result of competition and also emotional intelligence including three of its subscales that is: emotional self-awareness, realization, and impulse-control, might be proper predictors of competition result in athletes. Therefore improving and developing of these subscales can be effective in increasing success chance in the athletes

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The purpose of the present study is to investigate the impact of managerial
changes on the performance of football clubs in Iranian premier league. The
statistical population of present study contains all clubs which participated in 12
seasons of Iranian football clubs premier league from 2001 to 2013. The whole
data was extracted from the archive of premier league organization and Foolad
Mobarakeh Sepahan sport club. Improvement or degradation of football clubs in
each season compared to the previous season based on managerial changes or
stability has been investigated. The data was analyzed with one way ANOVA with
Gabriel post hoc test, and independent sample t test in significant lower than 0.05.
Results revealed that managerial stability had significant effect on improvement of
the performance, and successive changes of executive managers had significant
impact on degradation of performance. Results showed that managerial changes
caused a 2.48 decline in their rank on the league schedule, and managerial
stability caused a 1.00 improvement in their rank on the league schedule.
Generally analysis of results supported the hypothesis that managerial stability
provides enough time for implementation and realization of long term and short
term goals and final improvement on clubs performance.

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Physical education teachers are an essential component of Sports teaching in schools and as the founder exercise much influence on all the sports section of country, Recognition of professional competence necessary is their main purpose of this survey. This qualitative study and practices underlying theory (Grounded) was performed. The statistical population was included of elite physical education in schools and subjects was conducted by theoretical and snowball sampling. The tool of data collection was semi-structured interviews, and the data were analyzed from interviews to the underlying encryption method. Thus grouping codes revealed 50 components in four areas: emotional, skill, cognitive and behavioral. Emotional competence of interests and tendencies is essential for physical education teachers. competence of Professional Conduct visual behaviors by teachers for successful implementation of teaching physical education in schools, The cognitive competence, knowledge and mental skills is set in the identification and it will help teachers identify and analysis of issues related to education and Professional skills of teachers is concerned that part of the qualifications is the skills and abilities of teachers in the learning process.

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Taking individuals' cognitive abilities into consideration can play an important role in the initial stages of learning motor skills. So, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of cognitive functions on feedback request strategy and learning of a perceptual motor task. A number of 60 university male students with a mean age of 22/4 years (SD = 1/99) were selected through convenience sampling and were assigned to 6 groups according to their intelligence quotient, memory quotient and attention scores. All participants performed 100 badminton long services during the practice phase, and 20 services, during the retention and transfer phases. Wechsler Revised Intelligence Test, Wechsler memory scale, Toulouse and Pieron Test, and Scott and Fax Badminton Long Service were used to collect the data on intelligence quotient, memory quotient, attention, and badminton long service performance, respectively. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) with repeated measures and Independent t-test (α=0/05) were used to analyze the collected data. The analyses demonstrated that intelligence quotient, memory quotient, and attention had a significant effect on decreasing feedback request frequency during the acquisition phase, and increasing badminton long service scores during the acquisition, retention and transfer phases. Therefore, it can be concluded that bearing individuals' cognitive abilities in mind during motor skills training can be beneficial.

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The purpose of the present study was to examine the role of motivation on the rate of participation elders in sport for all. The research methodology was correlative descriptive and was done by field study. The population was all male and female elders of Ahwaz; the number of whom was 49.558 based on 1385 census. The sample was chosen randomly 380 individuals. Measurement tools were individual characteristics questionnaire, and adjusted sports participation motivation questionnaire including 35 questions in the form of 6 small scales. Validity was calculated as kmo = 91% by sampling adequacy and reliability was calculated as 93% by chronbach's alpha. Data analysis was carried out by using descriptive and inferential statistics. The results showed that the most physical activities of elders were 1- 2 hours per week. Also, e enjoys and vitality for men and joy and health and fitness for women were the most important motivates for sport participation. There was a significant relationship between incentives for prevention and treatment, mental health and health and fitness and participation in communal sport. The results of multiple regressions showed that only health and fitness variable can predict participation rate in communal sport.

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