Volume 12, Issue 24 (12-2022)
JRSM 2022, 12(24): 154-177 |
Back to browse issues page
Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
Rostamali R, Dehghanpouri H, Bagheri H. Transformations and Strategies of the Sports Tourism Industry During the Covid-19 Epidemic. JRSM 2022; 12 (24) :154-177
URL: http://jrsm.khu.ac.ir/article-1-3191-en.html
URL: http://jrsm.khu.ac.ir/article-1-3191-en.html
1- Shahrood University of Technology
2- Shahrood University of Technology ,h.dehghanpouri@shahroodut.ac.ir
2- Shahrood University of Technology ,
Abstract: (3499 Views)
This study aimed to identify the implications of Covid-19 on sports tourism and to provide appropriate strategies. The research paradigm is interpretive, its nature is exploratory, the approach is inductive, the research method is qualitative, the research strategy is the thematic analysis and the data collection was performed using targeted library study and in-depth semi-structured interviews. Data were collected from two groups of related text and informed people. Sampling was done based on theoretical saturation and purposeful manner (8 informed people and 17 articles). Holsti’s PAO method was used to measure reliability, which was approved. The thematic analysis method was used to analyze the data. The effects of Covid-19 on sports tourism were 67 basic themes, 13 organizing themes, and 3 global themes. 52 basic codes, 7 organizing themes, and 2 global themes were identified as strategies to deal with these effects. Based on the findings, it can be stated that along with the changes caused by Covid-19, the sports tourism industry needs change in its approach and operations. This research proposes strategies to make these changes that will lead to the restoration of sports tourism.
Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
sport management
Received: 2021/12/7 | Accepted: 2022/05/10 | ePublished ahead of print: 2022/05/10 | Published: 2022/12/31
Received: 2021/12/7 | Accepted: 2022/05/10 | ePublished ahead of print: 2022/05/10 | Published: 2022/12/31
References
1. Fahimi B. [homepage on the Internt]. IRAN. After Covid-19; an opportunity for green marketing. Deputy Minister of Economy, Chamber of Commerce, Industries, Mines and Agriculture of Iran. 2020. [updated 2002 May 27; cited 2002 June 28] (In Persian).
2. Bandyopadhyay S. Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): we shall overcome. Clean Technol. Environ. Policy. 2020; 22(3): 545-546. [DOI:10.1007/s10098-020-01843-w.]
3. Gössling S, Scott D, Hall, CM. Pandemics, tourism and global change: a rapid assessment of COVID-19. J of Sustainable Tourism. 2020; 1-20. [DOI:10.1080/09669582.2020.1758708.]
4. Chang CL, McAleer M, Ramos V. A charter for sustainable tourism after COVID-19. Sustainability. 2020; 12(9); 3671. [DOI:10.3390/su12093671.]
5. Nicola M, Alsafi, Z. Sohrabi, C. Kerwan, A. Al-Jabir, A. Iosifidis, C. Agha, R. The socio-economic implications of the coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19): A review. International journal of surgery (London, England). 2020; 78: 185. [DOI:10.1016/j.ijsu.2020.04.018.]
6. Wen JJ, Wang W, Kozak M, Liu X, Hou H. Many brains are better than one: the importance of interdisciplinary studies on COVID-19 in and beyond tourism. Tourism Recreation Research. 2020; 1-4. [DOI:10.1080/13032917.2020.1768335.]
7. Hallaj Z, Bijani M, Abbasi E, Valizadeh N, Mohammadi M. Tourism Development During the Pandemic of Coronavirus (COVID-19): Evidence From Iran. Front. Public Health. 2022; 10, 881381. [DOI:10.3389/fpubh.2022.881381.]
8. Jones P. A review of the UK’s tourism recovery plans post COVID-19. Athens Journal of Tourism. 2022; 9(1): 9-18. [DOI:10.30958/ajt.9-1-1.]
9. Salehi T. Recession in the world tourism industry with the outbreak of the corona. Political Deputy of Political Research Office. Research report. IRIB News Agency, Research Service. 2020. (In Persian). https://www.iribnews.ir/files/fa/news/1398/12/28/4638730_391.pdf.
10. Forouhi Sh, AbuNabi A. The economic effects of the corona on the tourism industry. Deputy Minister of Economy, Chamber of Commerce, Industries, Mines and Agriculture of Iran. 2020. (In Persian). file:///C:/Users/top/Downloads/YYYYY_YYY_YYYYY.pdf.
11. Benaraba CMD, Bulaon NJB, Escosio SMD, Narvaez AHG, Suinan ANA, Roma, MN. A comparative analysis on the career perceptions of tourism management students before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism Education. 2022; 30, 100361. [DOI:10.1016/j.jhlste.2021.100361.]
12. Haghighi H. Reopening of recreation and tourism centers: Tourism industry in Pasakron. Travel and Tourism Magazine. 2020. (In Persian). https://www.alibaba.ir/mag/tourism-after-covid-19/.
13. United Nations World Tourism Organization. Secretary general’s policy brief on tourism and COVID-19. United Nations World Tourism Organization. 2021. https://www.unwto.org/tourism-and-covid-19-unprecedented-economic-impacts. [Accessed 16 September 2021.
14. Naramski M, Szromek AR, Herman K, Polok G. Assessment of the Activities of European Cultural Heritage Tourism Sites during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity. 2022; 8(1): 55. [DOI:10.3390/joitmc8010055.]
15. Kaitano D. COVID-19 vaccine-induced recovery and the implications of vaccine apartheid on the global tourism industry. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C. 2022; 103140. [DOI:10.1016/j.pce.2022.103140.]
16. Brouder P. Reset redux: possible evolutionary pathways towards the transformation of tourism in a COVID-19 world. Tourism Geographies. 2020; 22(3):484-90. [DOI:10.1080/14616688.2020.1760928.]
17. Higgins-Desbiolles F. Socialising tourism for social and ecological justice after COVID-19. Tourism Geographies. 2020; 22(3):610-23. [DOI:10.1080/14616688.2020.1757748.]
18. Hammami A, Harrabi B, Mohr M, Krustrup P. Physical activity and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): specific recommendations for home-based physical training. Managing Sport and Leisure. 2022; 27(1-2): 20-25 [DOI:10.1080/23750472.2020.1757494]
19. Niewiadomski P. COVID-19: from temporary de-globalisation to a re-discovery of tourism?. Tourism Geographies. 2020; 22(3):651-6. [DOI:10.1080/14616688.2020.1757749.]
20. Akbari M, Ansari M. Recognition of stimuli affecting the competitiveness of travel and tourism for the post-corona period (Case study: Iran). Tourism Management Quarterly. 2020: 253-184. (In Persian). Doi: 10.22054/TMS.2020.55632.2409.
21. Cooper JA. Making orange green? A critical carbon footprinting of Tennessee football gameday tourism. Journal of Sport & Tourism. 2020; 24(1), 31–51. [DOI:10.1080/14775085.2020.1726802.]
22. United Nations World Tourism Organization. Sports tourism: the definition. 2021. https://www.sportstourismnews.com/what-is-sports-tourism-definition.
23. Mike Weed CB. Sports Tourism: Participants, Policy and Providers. 1st Edition ed: Routledge 2009. [DOI:10.4324/9780080942117]
24. Hayley S. [homepage on the Internt]. Sports tourism explained: What, why and where [Internet]. 2022. Available from: https://tourismteacher.com/sports-tourism.
25. Ratten V. Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and sport entrepreneurship. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research. 2020; 26(6): 1379-1388. [DOI:10.1108/IJEBR-06-2020-0387.]
26. Mikołajczak P, Schmidt J, Skikiewicz R. The COVID-19 pandemic consequences to the activity of NGOs. Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Issues. 2022; 9(3): 330-349. http://doi.org/10.9770/jesi.2022.9.3(20).
27. Ioannides D, Gyimóthy S. The COVID-19 crisis as an opportunity for escaping the unsustainable global tourism path. Tourism Geographies. 2020; 22(3): 624-632. [DOI:10.1080/14616688.2020.1763445.]
28. Miles L, Shipway R. Exploring the COVID-19 pandemic as a catalyst for stimulating future research agendas for managing crises and disasters at international sport events. Event Management. 2020; 24(4): 537-552. [DOI:10.3727/152599519X15506259856688.]
29. Davis L. The adaptation of the live PDC darts event during the COVID-19 lockdown. Managing Sport and Leisure. 2020; 1-7. [DOI:10.1080/23750472.2020.1782251.]
30. Seraphin H, Dosquet F. Mountain tourism and second home tourism as post COVID-19 lockdown placebo?. Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes. 2020; 12(4): 485-500. [DOI:10.1108/WHATT-05-2020-0027.]
31. Karim W, Haque A, Anis Z, Ulfy MA. The movement control order (mco) for covid-19 crisis and its impact on tourism and hospitality sector in malaysia. International Tourism and Hospitality Journal. 2020; 3(2): 1-7. [DOI:10.37227/ithj-2020-02-09.]
32. Parnell D, Widdop P, Bond A, Wilson R. COVID-19, networks and sport. Managing Sport and Leisure. 2020; 1–7. [DOI:10.1080/23750472.2020.1750100.]
33. Cooper JA, Alderman DH. Cancelling March Madness exposes opportunities for a more sustainable sports tourism economy. Tourism geographies. 2020; 22(3): 525-535. [DOI:10.1080/14616688.2020.1759135.]
34. YavariGohar F, MansouriMoayed F. Analyzing the role of advertising on the behavioral intentions of customers in the post-Crown era in the tourism industry. Quarterly Journal of Tourism Management. 2020; Covid Epidemic Special Issue - 19: 33-58. (In Persian). DOI: 10.22054/TMS.2020.52951.2335.
35. Hassanpour M, Shahi T, ArjangMehr D. Crisis management model for Iran's tourism supply sector; Case study: Covid-19 virus outbreak crisis. Tourism Management Quarterly. 2020; (Covid Epidemic Special Issue)19: 89-59. (In Persian). DOI: 10.22054/TMS.2020.53917.2367.
36. TorabiFarsani N, Bahadori SR. Identify solutions to boost accommodation after the Covid-19 outbreak crisis. Tourism Management Quarterly. 2020; (Covid-19 Epidemic Special Letter): 91-113. (In Persian). DOI: 10.22054/tms.2020.52423.2318.
37. MirtaghianRudsari SM, Farrokhian F, Naghavi M. Investigating the behavior of the host community towards tourists during the Covid-19 outbreak. Tourism Management Quarterly. 2020(Covid-19 Epidemic Special Letter): 43-115. (In Persian). DOI: 10.22054/TMS.2020.52929.2332.
38. AmiriFahliani MR. Future of research with a scenario writing approach The effects of behavioral geography on tourism in the face of infectious diseases and Covid-19. Tourism Management Quarterly. 2020(Covid-19 Epidemic Special Letter): 179-216. (In Persian). Doi: 10.22054/tms.2020.53845.2362.
39. Shahvazian S, HashemiGhinani F. The Challenges of Human Resource Management During the Transition Period of Corona Pandemic Crisis and Providing Solutions in Iran Hotel Holding Industry. Quarterly Journal of Tourism Management Studies. 2020(Covid-19 Epidemic Special Letter)15: 217-252. (In Persian). Doi: 10.22054/TMS.2020.53919.2368.
40. Kalabi AM, KarimiRad S. Strategic entrepreneurial modernization in the post-corona era: Companies active in the tourism industry. Tourism Management Quarterly. 2020(Covid-19 Epidemic Special Letter): 285-308. (In Persian). DOI: 10.22054/TMS.2020.52807.2330.
41. Ghorbanzadeh D, Abedi E. Investigating the Role of Secure Attachment in Predicting the Experimental Intentions of Tourists in Traveling to Tourism Destination during the COVID -19 outbreak. Journal of Tourism Management Studies. 2020(Covid-19 Epidemic Special Letter)15:145-178. (In Persian). DOI: 10.22054/TMS.2020.53480.2351.
42. Alavi S, Karroubi M, Zabihi I, Alavi SH, Covid-19 and sports tourism: identifying outcomes and providing solutions. Tourism Management Quarterly. 2020(Covid-19 Epidemic Special Letter):1-32. (In Persian). http://dx.doi.org/10.22054/tms.2020.52637.2324
43. Kitamura Y, Karkour S, Ichisugi Y, Itsubo N. Evaluation of the economic, environmental, and social impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the japanese tourism industry. Sustainability. 2020; 12(24): 10302. [DOI:10.3390/su122410302.]
44. Nauright J, Zipp S, Kim YH. The sports world in the era of COVID-19. Sport in Society, Cultures, Commerce, Media, Politics. 2020; 23(11): 1703-1706. [DOI:10.1080/17430437.2020.183419.]
45. Weed M. The role of the interface of sport and tourism in the response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of sports and turism. 2020; 24(2): 79-92. [DOI:10.1080/14775085.2020.1794351.]
46. Rutynskyi M, Kushniruk H. The impact of quarantine due to COVID-19 pandemic on the tourism industry in Lviv (Ukraine). Problems and perspectives in management. 2020; 18(2): 194-205. DOI:10.21511/ppm.18(2).2020.17.
47. Attride-Stirling J. Thematic networks: an analytic tool for qualitative research. Qualitative research. 2001; 1(3): 385-405. [DOI:10.1177/146879410100100307.]
48. Noraee S, Bahrol Olom H, AminZadeh S. Responding to Covid-19 â A Once-in-a-Century Pandemic. Iranian Society of Biology. 2019; 3(6): 162-164. URL: https://www.ijbio.ir/article_1858.html.
49. Manti H. Investigating the effects of Covid-19 virus on the global economy. Journal of Social Impact Assessment. 2020; Special Issue on the Consequences of the Covid Outbreak-19: 163-181. (In Persian). URL: https://www.sid.ir/fa/journal/ViewPaper.aspx?ID=507284.
50. MousaviMotalebi SM. The effect of Covid-19 pandemic on the forecast of national production growth in 2020. Quarterly Journal of Social Impact Assessment. 2020(Special issue of the consequences of the outbreak of Covid-19): 183-206. (In Persian). https://www.sid.ir/fa/journal/ViewPaper.aspx?id=507288.
51. Çakir Z, The effects of the covid-19 pandemic on sports, athletes and trainers during the normalization phase. The Online Journal of Recreation and Sports. 2020; 9(3):, 45-58. [DOI:10.22282/ojrs.2020.70 .]
52. Heydari R, Assadollah E, Alizai Yousefabadi O. Identifying the effects of the corona virus outbreak on the sports industry. Journal of Sports Management. 2020; 12 (4): 1203-1232. (In Persian). DOI: 10.22059/JSM.2021.307792.2547.
53. Khan N, Hassan A, Fahad S, Naushad M. Factors Affecting Tourism Industry and Its Impacts on Global Economy of the World (March 23, 2020). 1-32. https://ssrn.com/abstract=3559353 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3559353.
54. Cavalheiro MB, Mayer VF, Luz ABT. Nautical Sports Tourism: Improving People's Wellbeing and Recovering Tourism Destinations. Rebuilding and Restructuring the Tourism Industry: Infusion of Happiness and Quality of Life. 2021; 130-156. DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-7239-9.ch007.
55. Jeon CY, Yang HW. The structural changes of a local tourism network: Comparison of before and after COVID-19. Current Issues in Tourism. 2021; 1-15. [DOI:10.1080/13683500.2021.1874890.]
56. Obradović S, Tešin A. (Hiking in the COVID-19 era: motivation and post-outbreak intentions. Journal of Sport & Tourism. 2022; 1-18. [DOI:10.1080/14775085.2022.2048683.]
57. Farahati M. Psychological consequences of the outbreak of coronavirus in society. Journal of Social Impact Assessment. 2020(Special issue of the consequences of the outbreak of Covid-19): 207-225. (In Persian). URL: https://www.sid.ir/fa/journal/ViewPaper.aspx?ID=507291.
58. Mirzaei K. Causes and consequences of the Covid-19 virus epidemic and globalization. Scientific and Specialized Quarterly Journal of Social Impact Assessment.2020;(Coronavirus outbreak special issue):13-41. https://www.sid.ir/fa/journal/ViewPaper.aspx?id=507270.
59. Eskandarian GhR. Evaluating the consequences of coronavirus on lifestyle (with emphasis on cultural consumption pattern). Journal of Social Impact Assessment. 2020; (Special Issue 19): 65-85. (In Persian). URL: https://sia.acecr.ac.ir/file/download/page/1589598118-5.-...-.pdf.
60. Buheji M, Ahmed D. Foresight of Coronavirus (COVID-19) opportunities for a better world. American Journal of Economics. 2020; 10(2): 97-108. DOI: 10.5923/j.economics.20201002.05.
61. Gil-Alana LA, Poza C. The impact of COVID-19 on the Spanish tourism sector. Tourism Economics. 2020, 1354816620959914. [DOI:10.1177/1354816620959914.]
62. Dašić D, Kavran AK, Gregorić M. The impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on sport and the sports industry. Proceedings Book from First International Scientific Conference. Covid-19 and Challenges of the Business World” March 25th 2021 Belgrade. 2021,125-135. file:///C:/Users/top/Downloads/1179306.Dasic_Kos_Kavran_Gregoric%20(2).pdf
63. Cristina-Andrada BABA, Stăncioiu AF, Gabor MR, Alexe FA, Oltean FD, Dinu AC. Considerations regarding the effects of COVID-19 on the tourism market. Theoretical and Applied Economics. 2020; 27(3): 624. URL: http://store.ectap.ro/articole/1489.pdf.
64. Pachucki C, Grohs R, Scholl-Grissemann U. Is nothing like before? COVID-19–evoked changes to tourism destination social media communication. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management. 2022; 23, 100692. [DOI:10.1016/j.jdmm.2022.100692.]
65. ImaniJajarmi H. Social consequences of the outbreak of coronavirus in Iranian society. Journal of Social Impact Assessment. 2020; 2 (Special issue): 87-102. (In Persian). URL: https://www.sid.ir/fa/Journal/ViewPaper.aspx?id=507277
66. El-Said O, Aziz H. Virtual tours a means to an end: An analysis of virtual tours’ role in tourism recovery post COVID-19. Journal of Travel Research. 2022; 61(3): 528-548. [DOI:10.1177/0047287521997567.]
67. FahimiBF S, Abunabi A. Review of economic day issues. Iran Chamber Research Center. 2021:1-53. https://otaghiranonline.ir/news/33766.
Send email to the article author
| Rights and permissions | |
 | This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
