This study was conducted to examine the relationship between specific climatic parameters, namely ambient temperature and air pollution, and behavioral abnormalities—including aggression and impulsive behaviors—among children diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). The research was carried out in Khorasan Razavi Province, Iran, and the statistical population comprised children with ASD aged 4 to 13 years who attended daily educational–rehabilitation centers dedicated to individuals with ASD. From this population, a total of 186 children were selected through convenience sampling. Data on behavioral variables were collected using three standardized instruments: the Shaheem Children’s Aggression Questionnaire (2006) to assess levels and dimensions of aggressive behavior; the Hirschfield Impulsivity Scale (1965) to measure impulsivity traits; and the Gilliam Autism Rating Scale (1994) for confirming ASD diagnosis and severity. Simultaneously, climatic and air quality information—covering daily ambient temperature and concentrations of key air pollutants—was obtained from reliable local meteorological and environmental monitoring stations. The results demonstrated statistically significant relationships between both temperature and air pollution levels with the severity of aggression and impulsive behaviors in children with ASD. Higher temperatures and increased air pollutant concentrations were associated with elevated behavioral abnormalities. These findings underscore the importance of incorporating environmental and climatic considerations into the clinical management, educational planning, and rehabilitation program design for children with autism. Furthermore, they highlight the need for interdisciplinary collaboration  to develop strategies aimed at mitigating the adverse behavioral impacts of climatic and environmental stressors on vulnerable pediatric populations.