Abstract In present century the air transportation has had a very important role in relations between different countries of the world ,as exchanging of culture, showing the economical and military power and speeding the vital affairs of a country and in this case airports form a very critical role in the Air Transportation system An airport is the most infrastructural part of the transportation industry in each country. Therefore, recognizing the problems of this sector of the aviation industry is effective on expediting activities related to the transportation of passengers, the development of the flight network, the growth of the physical airport, reduction in air accidents and problems caused by the proximity to residential areas (colliding with residential areas and noise pollution). In this regard, the aim of the present study is to investigate the problems of Mehrabad International Airport as the most important airport for domestic flights from the aerodrome point of view and the flight network based on standard indices of the national aviation industry. Therefore, among the experts of the aviation industry (pilots, officials and personnel working at Mehrabad Airport), 240 individuals were selected as the sample and a researcher made questionnaire was distributed among them. The application of factor analysis model and SPSS and Lisrel software revealed that the most important problems of Mehrabad Airport are proximity to residential areas, causing noise pollution for residents around the airport, adjacent to the military airport, lack of proper distance from other airports, and its role as flight origin for domestic flights in the Iran’s national airline, totally explain 83.79 % of the common variance. Other variables have not been able to justify significant variance.

The occurrence of unplanned accidents is a global issue, and lack of preparedness and resilience in this area can lead to significant losses. Therefore, restitution is an important way to strengthen urban communities by utilizing their capacity. In this regard, the main objective of this research is to investigate the difference in the level of resilience indices in the three districts of a metropolitan area of ​​Tabriz. This research is in terms of the type of the target and the method is descriptive of survey type. The required data were collected using library studies and field surveys at the household level. The statistical population of the households in region 1 of Tabriz Metropolitan is estimated to be 382 families according to the Cochran formula. After data collection, the analysis of the difference in resilience with ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc test were analyzed. The results of the research show that there is a difference between the regions in terms of the resiliency indicators. So that the least amount of resilience with an average of 173/46 was allocated to households in area one and the largest with average of 252/61, to the area of ​​three regions of a metropolis of Tabriz. On the other hand, the results of the two-to-two-region comparison show that the mean of zone A alleviation in comparison with the two and three regions was 34/931 and 79/157, respectively, and the resilience of the region of two in Comparison with area 3 is 44/226 times lower than that, but the resilience of area 3 compared to the other two regions is 79/157, 44/226 times more. In the following, suggestions for improving the resilience of the study area are presented.

River management, including strategies that effectively have an effect on the behavior. Geomorphological management, is the study of shapes, nature, and origin, processes of emergence, development and use of human and material composition of the Earth.  The assessment of river character and behavior in Stage 1 is based on analysis of the assemblage of geomorphic units (channel and floodplain landforms) along any reach. Arangeh River basin were identified in 1and 3 styles, including: Headwater, Gorge style in confined valley setting, planform controlled, floodplain bed, low sinuosity cobble, low sinuosity gravel, bedrock controlled sand, meandering gravel, unconfined low sinuosity cobble with Side stabilized, partly-confined low sinuosity cobble with Side stabilized, partly confined Asymmetric valley with cobble, , partly confined symmetric valley with cobble  ,Artificial bed.Geomorphic conditions of each of the styles were evaluated in the two stage of river style framework. at this stage of adjustment of Each style is determined to the confusion of peak flow by using criteria such as channel characteristics (size, shape, morphology Bank and plants channels), channel plan form (sinuosity, lateral stability, geomorphic units into the channel and River flood plain and plants) and features bed . Two Style had good geomorphic conditions (floodplain bed bedrock controlled sand, unconfined low sinuosity cobble with Side stabilized) show the potential of a good adjustment, and the reach has a good of potential adjustments are more sensitive to changes . In the fourth stage of rehabilitation is carried out in reach scales, basins and river basin based on forecasts of possible changes in the future and potential of Geomorphic River Recovery. Each style is proposed management priorities in accordance with the geomorphic and recycling potential.

Creating a creative city and creative tourism are considered as one of the most successful urban management practices to attract material and immaterial capital. In pursuit of this goal, Miran-e-Shahriy has been developing a creative tourism infrastructure. The metropolis of Tabriz has also been selected as the capital of the Islamic countries for tourism in 2018, with its huge potential. The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of effective factors on the realization of creative tourism and the infrastructure of this city in the pursuit of this goal. The type of research, applied and its descriptive-analytical method is correlation. Data analysis was done by statistical tests. Prioritization of the elements of the creative city and urban areas is in line with the development of creative tourism, using network analysis and topsis models. The statistical population of the study is 758421 people living in Tabriz's 10th district. Of these, 384 people have been selected using Cochran's formula and simple random sampling.The variable of this research is 10 criteria with 16 sub-criteria. The results of statistical tests showed that all components of the creative city have a significant correlation with the level of creativity of urban areas of Tabriz. In this regard, the two variables of creativity and creative class infrastructure were the most correlated with 0.583 and 0.557. The results of the ANP model showed that the criteria for creativity and creative class infrastructure with the score of 0.389 and 0.269 have the most importance in the formation of the creative city. The study of the status of different regions of the city according to the indicators of the creative city showed that eight of them are more suitable due to the concentration of historical works, shopping centers and recreation centers. As a result, practical solutions have been developed for using urban infrastructure to form a creative city and identify Tabriz to Islamic countries.

Complexity of multi dimension developments and infrastructures intensifies the land related challenges to adopt legal laws, restrictions and responsibilities.  Although, multi dimension estates have been registering for many years, as the complexity of the estates are increased, disadvantages of the 2D cadaster is more appeared. Hence, the 3D cadaster has been a necessity for sustainable development. Visualizing is one of the important components of 3D cadaster. In the current research, for efficient and effective visualization of land ownerships and their related 3D information, firstly, the needed essentials of cadaster visualization systems have been classified into 3 groups including: cadaster, visualization and independent properties. Then, the trends of 3D visualization developments for older plugin and WebGL based technologies have been considered. Finally, a number of the most important systems according to the needed criteria for web-based 3D cadaster were evaluated and consequently, Cesium virtual environment has been selected as the best for the development purpose. To develop a system for 3D cadaster visualization, 2D building properties was converted to 3D using different software and then, land law properties were added and subsequently, Building Information Model (BIM) was provided. HTML5, JavaScript and CSS languages along with WebGL library and Cesium API were utilized. The implemented service is able to display WFS-based standard vector layers as well as WMS image of OGC standard. The system has the possibilities of 3D visualization like web-based 3D cadaster visualization and land law properties over the web. This enables the user to make the printed output of BIM along with descriptive information of the buildings.

Today, in the context of sustainable rural development, the need to move quickly from traditional livelihoods to sustainable livelihood patterns is evident. It is obvious that achieving this change is not possible without regard to the household's livelihoods and assets. Livelihoods include the types of natural, physical, human, social and financial assets that are considered as essential to the livelihoods of the poor. Accordingly, the main objective of this study is to measure the level of livelihoods of households living in the border villages of Torbat-e-yam. The descriptive-analytic research methodology is an applied-developmental type. In the present study, livelihood assets were categorized into 5 types of assets with the help of 64 indicators. These indices in the confirmatory factor analysis explained 66% of the variance, and also the Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.91, indicating the validity and reliability of the research tool. The statistical population of the study is all border villages in more than 20 households in Torbat-e Jam. The unit analyzes 264 households in 17 villages located 10 kilometers from the border between Iran and Afghanistan. The results of the study showed that the livelihood of rural households living at the border is very low, so that the average human capital is 2.13, capital 1.87, social capital 2.48, physical capital 1.81, natural capital 12 / 2 in the Likert spectrum is significantly lower than the theoretical one. Also, the "livelihood assets" structure with an average of 2.22 was measured as "low". The results of the research show that the livelihood patterns of the border villages continue to be characterized by traditional livelihoods and have little adaptation to sustainable livelihoods, and the settlement in the village, along with the geographical isolation of the borders, has created many livelihoods for the dwelling population. Any activity in the field of livelihood modeling requires attention to the multiplicity of livelihoods.

Persistent spaces and phenomena over time and load and become part of collective memories. In this way, paying attention to the durability of space design increases the sense of belonging to space, in this case space does not belong only to the present. Considering the importance of sustainability, the purpose of this study is to identify the factors affecting the survival of urban spaces, with emphasis on the multiplication of effective daily life in three areas of the Tabriz market (Grand mosque, Rasteh bazar, and Saheb-ol-amr square). The research method is a descriptive-analytic study used for collecting information using documentary and field (survey) method. Also, in this research, in addition to applying the qualitative method for analyzing the causes of durability in the studied areas, quantitative method of analysis of variance was used to investigate the durability of urban spaces in the studied areas. The findings of the research indicate that within the boundaries of the Grand mosque, the spirituality factor (0.376), socioeconomic and functional (0.352), in the range of Rasteh bazar of the identity factor (0.314) and within the range of Saheb-ol-amr square, the factor of spirituality (0.327) and identity (0.305) is the most important reason for the survival of the studied areas. The results also show that the various components of everyday life have oddities that, while repeated in the daily life cycle, are linear (progressive, regressive, and fixed), which in two parts are all in part and in part In general, they affect the survival and decline of spaces. In the meantime, the approaches and cultural components derived from the whole are in part like the rituals and cultures of a community, have and will have a significant impact on the survival and increase of durability of spaces. Therefore, the continuation of rituals and cultural ceremonies in the studied areas can provide a lasting space for these spaces.

Energy plays a major role in providing welfare of urban and rural households, and reforming energy consumption patterns, in addition to price balancing, requires recognition and acts of cultural and social variables affecting the pattern of consumption and savings. Considering the importance of saving electricity and its relation with consumer behavior, in this study, the difference in urban and rural communities was investigated in terms of effective factors on energy savings. The present research is descriptive-analytical in terms of purpose and method. The data-gathering tool and information collection and interviews with urban and rural households in Poledokhtar city. The statistical population includes urban and rural households in Poledokhtar Township (N= 30012). Using Cochran formula and simple random sampling method, 379 households (244 urban households and 135 rural households) were selected. In the data analysis section, analysis of variance and logistic regression tests were used. The results showed that there is a significant difference between the factors and indicators affecting power saving in rural and urban areas. The individual agent and the factor of behavior management and purchasing, while the factor is the most important factor in saving households in rural areas, primarily influence power saving in urban areas.

Evaluating environmental impact can help urban and regional planner and manager to understand the impacts of development plans on human well-being and environmental health. Therefore, it can enable them to prevent environmental pollution and degradation. This descriptive- analytical research aimed to assess environmental, physical, economic and socio-cultural impacts of Talesh Industrial Estate on Kashli village as the nearest settlement to the estate. Data were collected using a questionnaire. The variables are set in 29 items and were evaluated in 11 ranges by 270 sample people on the basis of a model adopted from Pastakia method. Findings showed that the industrial estate had more positive consequences than negative ones. Positive and negative consequences are more prominent in economic dimension and in environmental dimension respectively. Of the 29 impacts evaluated, the estate has had 16 positive and 13 negative impacts.

An earthquake, though a natural phenomenon that can be very destructive, But urban planning and management can play an important role in the damage it poses. Today, risk analysis is one of the basic needs for planning in general and urban planning in particular. From the perspective of many researchers, urban regeneration is one of the most important issues for sustainability. It serves as a way to strengthen communities by using their capacities. From the issue of choice in the city of Ilam, Ilam is located in the Zagros zone. So that the Zagros area has the highest earthquake with magnitude 4 to 4/5 richter has. According to the necessity of this research, a combination of methods (descriptive, exploratory, surveying, and analytical). In terms of the nature of research, it has a developmental-applied approach in line with the overall objective of urban spatial management planning research from the perspective of resilience is a city of Ilam. Based on the VIKOR statistical statistic, Bootstrap and Bootstrap simulation have been used. Visio, Grafer, SPSS, MINITAB and GIS software have been used to complete the research. Results of the findings were based on Bootstrap simulation and based on the 196 cells studied, distributed among 14 urban districts; The minimum residual cell in the city of Ilam has been around 0.07 percent. Therefore, the dispersion and status of the Ilam city variables can not be confirmed at urban confidence level of 95%. Based on the VIKOR model of the 4th region, the least resiliency and the region of 2 is the highest Ilam city resilience. Also, the regression model calculations have shown that the applied model is a good predictor of the urban regression variable. Because the significance of the present study is less than 0.05.

In this project government endow loam to villagers for improving their houses. This project help to villagers for improvement their life and it help to villagers for preparation for sudden hazards. Improvement rural houses project improve quality of life villagers. Therefore, this project presents for resolving problems and challenges that improvement rural houses project confront with them. Investigative method was descriptive-survey and we used from questionnaire for collecting data. Statistical society includes 50 people that we used from census method for sampling method. Statistical method was technical supervisors in Kermanshah County.  Reliability calculated by alpha Cronbach method that equal 0.72 and validity calculated by K.M.O and Bartlet method that equal (K.M. O=74/0) and Bartlet significant equal (0.0).  But technical supervisors have positive attitude about housing foundation of Islamic revolution performance. They were satisfaction from workshops and upstream supervisors in housing foundation of Islamic revolution of province of Kermanshah. Results shows that there is relationship between distance village from city and quality of building materials quality. Also, there is relationship between knowledge of people about project and time periods. It shows that knowledge people increase. Finally, by factor analysis we understand that there are 5 components that effect on improvement rural houses projects that include: dimension of individual people and technical supervisors, attitude of people to improvement rural houses projects, life quality and improvement in life style, challenge in law and discipline and time of project. They explain 65.85% of total of variance. Also, the findings show that there is a meaningful and reverse relationship between the beginning of the technical observer's period and the amount of his attention to the consciousness of the people at the level of 0/05. Meanwhile, people's awareness has increased over time.

Climate predictions have been made in global, regional and local simulation, and climatic parameters have changed in terms of trends and models in climatology, futures studies are less visible in literature and climatology literature therefore environmental planning and futures analysis are an attempt to look at the long-term future in the field of climatology. Today, one of the most important challenges of the present and future is the increase in temperature and   is the lack of climatic comfort. The growth of Tehran's metropolitan area, improving living standards, expanding urbanization and industry, climate change, and the energy shortage crisis are important. The survey forms were prepared by the climatologists and managers of Tehran and data analysis, futuristic techniques such as scenario for data analysis tool in this study was MICMAC software. have been used. In the research process, the most important key factors and drivers in relation to futures studies were identified in relation to the increase of temperature in the city of Tehran.

Most of residential areas, population centers, and agricultural lands are located along the rivers and especially on the river terrace, which are affected by river dynamics, discharge changes, and flood hazards, bed fluctuations and meander variations. Therefore, it is necessary to study the behavior and pattern of meander movements of rivers in order to avoid potential hazards. The current research conducted in a reach of Gharehsou River in Ardebil province and the field measurements were done at adjacent to Anzab village to the Samian Bridge. In order to determine the pattern of this river, the Leopold Sinuosity Factor and the central angle calculated using Cornice method were used in this study. The results showed that the average of the Sinuosity Factor in the study area was 1.47, Which indicates the high ratio of river sinuosity. It also indicates the spatial variation of meanders evolution is not the same over the studied reach. The values of obtained Sinuosity factor using the employed methods showed that the %71.11 of meanders (32 meanders) with sinuosity factor of 1-1.5 belong to the category of low meander degree. While, the %17.78 of meanders (8 Meanders) had the sinuosity factor of 1.5-2. The remained 5 meanders (%11.11 of the identified meanders) had the sinuosity values greater than 2. This means that there are at least 5 meanders in the study area that are susceptible to becoming an oxbow-lake. Therefore, it is necessary to stabilize the stream banks and river bed of the study reach through structural management and engineering methods.