The border regions (periphery) are far away from the center due to remoteness, geographical isolation, lack of development, and ... great differences in terms of prosperity and development with central centers. Creating and operating a border market can modify the one-way central- Around and improve regional prosperity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of the border market in Henijan province in Khuzestan province in the socio-economic development of the region. The population of the population is Hendijan city which consists of 26292 people according to the census of 2011. Using Cochran formula, 380 people were selected and the questionnaire was distributed among them. The questionnaire has five components: economic, social, transportation, urban services and infrastructure, and 27 sub-criteria. For data analysis, the Fuzzy Network Analysis (ANP) and inferential statistics of Chi-Square have been used.Based on the fuzzy ANP model, the construction of the bazaar has had the greatest impact in reducing smuggling, increasing the stores and shops, hotel and restaurant construction, attracting tourists, increasing passenger terminals, increasing service occupations, boosting banks and insurers, earning income, employing indigenous people and reducing immigration. had. Based on the results, the market has the most impact on the economic component and the least on the underlying component.  The fuzzy network analysis model indicates that the market has been most effective in improving. the conditions of which of the components and sub-criteria has the most effect in helping users and planners in the region to use the cost to improve other components

The attachment to the place is the emotional relationship of the individual to the place, which is rooted in the person's past qualities and experiences that the place should be able to meet the needs and expectations of the individual, and also the place must meet the capacity to meet those needs and expectations. The attachment to the location is based on the cognitive, emotional, and functional interaction between individuals, groups, and physical-social location over time. The purpose of this study was to use the meta-analysis method to analyze the results of research on attachment to the place. In order to perform a meta-analysis, 75 researches were conducted in this regard. Among the 18 studies conducted during the years 2006-2019, in the field of attachment to the place were selected. In the first step, the evaluation of selected research, homogeneous assumptions and publication error was studied; accordingly, the findings indicated the heterogeneity of the size of the effect and the non-dominance of the published studies. In the second step, the coefficient of effect size was evaluated using the second version of CMA software. The results showed that the size of the effect or coefficient of influence of the identified factors is 0/376, which is evaluated according to the Cohen's interpretation system. Overall, the results indicate that the identified factors have a moderate effect on attachment to the location.

According to statistics, about 300,000 disabled people live in Iran. There are about 25,738 disabled people in Ardabil province. This calls for attention to macro-planning for the disabled. This planning involves cognitive and spatial analysis of the status of the disabled people in different parts of the country. The purpose of this study was to analyze more precisely the situation of the spatial dispersion of the disabled and their relationship with different regions of the cities of Ardabil to address further the problems of accessing urban services and creating better living conditions for people with disabilities. In the present study, indicators such as age, gender, the status of residence, type and severity of disability, marital status, education and employment were analyzed using spatial statistics analysis. Also, the geographically weighted regression (GWR) model has been used to measure the relationship between the extent of development and disability. Findings of the research show that there is no relationship between the extent of development and disability in Ardabil province. The number of disabled males is higher than that of the disabled females in all cities. Disabled people in Ardabil province are young and 91.55% of them are illiterate and close to 96.74% of them are facing unemployment problems. In almost all cities of Ardabil province (73.98), there are severe to very severe disabilities and there is no specific order among different cities in the province of Ardabil regarding the type of disability, and various disabilities have been dispersed in the province.

One of the main ways to preserve the traditions and values of the past for future generations is to preserve the culture of the community, which can be addressed by the prosperity of tourism in cities.  One of the main ways to preserve the traditions and values of the past for future generations is to preserve the culture of the community, which can be addressed by the prosperity of tourism in cities.The purpose of this study is to explain the models of cultural tourism development in Iran. In the quantitative part of this research, in terms of controlling the studied variables, it is non-experimental, in terms of strategic survey and in terms of the nature of this research is applied. In relation to the research method, it seeks to identify the relationships between cultural tourism and the factors affecting it using the structural equation system. The nature of research is causal research. Considering the application of structural equation modeling to study and analyze the conceptual model of the research, the method of this research is correlational and variance-covariance matrix analysis. The statistical population in the quantitative section was all employees and managers of the Cultural Heritage, Handicrafts and Tourism Organization. In the quantitative part, the sampling method is stratified. Cochran's formula was used to determine the sample size. Based on this, 383 samples were estimated. The tool of this research was a researcher-made questionnaire. To determine the validity and validity of the questionnaire, content validity as well as structural validity were used to determine the validity of the questionnaire. The reliability of the research was analyzed using Cronbach's alpha test. The results of quantitative analysis showed that social indicators have the greatest impact among the leading indicators of cultural tourism in the country.

As a novel idea for discussion on the role of industrial development on regional development, the term “cluster” became noteworthy since 90’s in order to increase competitiveness. Territorial development researchers believe that formation of regional industrial clusters improves competitiveness and plays a role in promoting competitive advantages and regional development. Hence, because of the possibility of realization of competitive advantage, Tourism clusters became a focal point for research and policy making. Against this background, the purpose of this research is to analyze and review the role of industrial clusters on development of regional competitiveness and assumes that the higher number of relations in an industrial cluster leads to higher level of regional competitiveness. The research applies descriptive-analytical research method and utilizes questionnaire to collect data. The data was studied by SPSS and Lisrel software packs after approval of validity and reliability of data. Findings corroborate the relation between higher number of relations in industrial clusters with higher level of regional competitiveness and also identifies the contributing factors to development and stimulation of regional development which are ranked by the order of their effect as follows: 1. Social relations, 2. Geographic and location relations, 3. Economic relations, and 4. Institutional relations.

Given the potential negative environmental impacts linked with wild landfills in the central part of the Kangan Region, there is a significant need to accelerate the development of controlled inter-municipal landfills. The study area with daily production of 92 tons of waste, due to lack of recycling equipment and incorrect locating landfill is faced with numerous environmental, health and social problems in open sites and unsafe. This study is aimed at identifying suitable sites for solid waste disposal by considering all essential factors and rating criteria by integrating Fuzzy-AHP and GIS with multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) in Kangan county. Standards for siting a landfill formulated by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) were employed in this study. The criteria that are considered herein are land use, slope, elevation, distance to drainage, groundwater and dams, distance to faults, soil, geology, distance to the residence and road, industrial and infrastructure accessibility. These criteria were assigned fuzzy membership classes based on their importance in siting a landfill. The fuzzy members of all criteria were overlaid to generate the final landfill site suitability map which was classified into five: not suitable (53.3%), less suitable (39.1%), moderately suitable (5.4%), suitable (1.4%) and highly suitable (0.6%). The Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) technique was employed in the selection of the landfill site with reverence to multiple criteria and the fuzzy membership classes in accordance with the standards of the EPA. The results of this research in the management of the urban environment and also in the plans of the optimal disposal of urban solid of this area will be useful.

In the history of humanity, human always has suffered all difficulties with effort to reach to comfort and well-being until the human provides a way to achieve the comfort. In the viewpoint of climate four elements have significant role in formation of human comfort and discomfort conditions that according to the climatic conditions in different areas, the type and effect of these elements on individuals are also different. The aim of this research is to determine the areas of climatic comfort. For this purpose, temperature, precipitation and humidity data were derived from database of Esfazari for Khuzestan province during statistical period 1965 to 2014. In this process, at first discomfort climate has been defined using temperature, precipitation and humidity based on distribution probability conditional. This research is to determine the areas of climatic comfort in Khuzestan province using multivariate analysis (Cluster analysis and Discriminant analysis) and spatial autocorrelation pattern (Hot Spot index and Moran index) with emphasis on architecture. The results showed that the areas with climatic comfort are included in north and east parts of Khuzestan province. However, the areas of climatic comfort by spatial method have been limited somewhat. Results further indicated that the areas of climatic comfort have decreased significantly towards recent periods especially in cluster analysis and discriminant analysis that a trend of reduction has been remarkable in cluster analysis (from 23.60% in the first period to 17.60% in the fifth period) and discriminant analysis (from 26.97% in the first period to 14.98% in the fifth period).

Nowadays, tourism, as one of the key components, has a special role in developing societies and countries. Here, urban tourism - as a significant parts of the tourism industry - has a special place in improving the economic and cultural development of cities and has turned into one of the most important, exchange yielding, and income creating industries. Nevertheless, the development of this industry in cities faces some challenges and problems. This calls for a new and integrated planning to take advantage of opportunities and face the challenges ahead. Future studies can take very effective steps in planning for the development of urban tourism and mapping out the desired future of tourism, and by presenting proper solutions, it can stop the emergence of challenges and the realization of an undesirable future. This study was working towards in line with this purpose. In the present study, using Delphi technique, 36 factors were identified as the primary factors affecting the future of the development of urban tourism in Khoy. The structural analysis method was used with the help of MicMac software to extract key factors, where 12 factors were selected as key factors. Then, the probable situations were defined for each key factor. In the next step, to measure the effectiveness of the occurrence of the status of each of the factors on the occurrence or non-occurrence of other factors, a 33 × 33 matrix was designed and given to the experts. Finally, to compile probabilistic scenarios and to identify desirable scenarios, the data for this matrix were introduced into the scenario software. ScenarioWizard software reported 1406 poor scenarios, 4 strong scenarios and 13 credible scenarios by performing the needed analyses. Examining the credible scenarios showed a relative ruling of static, critical and undesirable situations over the desirable and ideal situations. Apart from the first scenario with desirable and progressive features, the rest of the scenarios do not show a desirable future in minds for the development of tourism in Khoy. 

Urban design that the first was paying attention to the aesthetic dimension,now pays to the quality of the public territory in terms of physical social cultural and creating places for people using.the public territory is a temporary territory and everyone has access to and has the right to use it.tendency to have a territory and defend of  it, is intrinsic.since now women like men are present in society but they do not have enough power to choose their territory so this research is trying to introduce the effective items to creating ideal territory.the data of this study is descriptive-analytical/survey.type of study is quantitative and qualitative. The study is field and library based.the statistical population includes women with different cultures ages behaviors in ealgoli park,women's shams park,valiasr park of Tabriz that the woman were randomly selected.the sample size is 384 and it based on the Cochran formula. At first at the descriptive level were investigated with subject statistics indicators and then at the inferential level used of exploratory factor analysis to determine the model.the results include 5 influential components.these components are landscape-functional-security-morphology-psychological.

The endogenous growth pattern reflects the importance of the quality of human capital and even the social system and governance in which culture is considered as the source of ideas for economic sectors. A review of the policies and priorities for the development of the new economy highlights the importance of creative city indicators in managing the challenges and cultural and economic diversity of current cities. The research method in this study is descriptive-analytical and it is applied in terms of purpose. . The method of data collection is mainly library and documentary by means of catch-up, housing statistical blocks of 2016 and detailed plan map of 2015. Combined methods of  the factor analysis and spatial statistics in GIS are used for analysis. Most of Zanjan's neighborhoods lacked creative class attraction indices and spatial distribution of Zanjan's central and northern creative city indices was relatively favorable. Zanjan's neighborhood development policies have less attention to the interests and priorities of the creative class, and urban spaces other than the central and northern neighborhoods are not conducive to social interaction and creativity of residents, and urban residents, especially urban east and west, have become passive recipients of urban services and facilities.