Volume 26, Issue 80 (3-2026)
jgs 2026, 26(80): 92-113 |
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Piroozi E, Asghari Saraskanrood S, Zeinali B. (2026). Identification and zoning of landslide-prone areas in Khalkhal city. jgs. 26(80), 92-113. doi:10.61882/jgs.26.80.12
URL: http://jgs.khu.ac.ir/article-1-4283-en.html
URL: http://jgs.khu.ac.ir/article-1-4283-en.html
1- University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil Province, Ardabil City, University Street, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Physical Geography
2- University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil Province, Ardabil City, University Street, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Physical Geography ,s.asghari@uma.ac.ir
2- University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil Province, Ardabil City, University Street, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Physical Geography ,
Abstract: (7092 Views)
Landslides are among the most common and destructive natural hazards that change the shape of the earth's surface, and reviewing the damages caused by landslides, the need to investigate the factors influencing the occurrence of this phenomenon and predict its occurrence. proves that Khalkhal City, due to its special geological, climatic, and geomorphological characteristics and human activities, has been affected by the risk of landslides for a long time. Therefore, considering the importance of the issue; The purpose of this research is to produce a landslide risk map in this city. In this regard, first, the distribution map of landslides and influencing variables, including; DEM, slope, aspect, land use, lithology, distance from fault, distance from river, distance from road, and rainfall were provided. Next, after the fuzzy membership and determining the weight values of each factor using the CRITIC method, the landslide susceptibility map was prepared using the MARCOS multi-criteria decision-making method. The results of the study showed, respectively; that The factors of slope, land use, and lithology with weight coefficients of 0.148, 0.139, and 0.132 have the greatest influence on the occurrence of landslides in the region. According to the results of the research, respectively; 707.14 and 512.87 square kilometers of the area of the city are in high-risk and very high-risk categories, and these areas are areas that need management work and the implementation of protection projects. Also, considering the use of the ROC curve method the area under the curve (0.89), and the correlation of 0.83% between the final map obtained from the research and the distribution of sliding surfaces, the accuracy of the MARCOS method in identifying and zoning prone areas The risk of landslides in Khalkhal city is great.
Type of Study: Applicable |
Subject:
Geomorphology
References
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52. Vojtekova, J., Vojtek, M, (2020). Assessment of landslide susceptibility at a localspatial scale applying the multi-criteria analysisand GIS: a case study from Slovaki, Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk, 11 (1): 131-148. [DOI:10.1080/19475705.2020.1713233]
53. Zhang, Y., Zhang, J., Dong, L. (2023). Fuzzy Logic Regional Landslide Susceptibility Multi-Field Information Map Representation Analysis Method Constrained by Spatial Characteristics of Mining Factors in Mining Areas, Processes, 11 (4), 985: 1-33. [DOI:10.3390/pr11040985]
54. Zhou, S., Zhou, S., Tan, X., (2020). Nationwide susceptibility mapping of landslides in Kenya using the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process model, Land, 9(12): 1-22. [DOI:10.3390/land9120535]
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56. References
57. Abedini, M., Piroozi, E. (2020). Landslide hazard Zoning with Using Combination Methods of Hot Spot, ANP and WlC (Case Study: Khalkhal County), Journal of Geography and Environmental Hazards, 8(4): 19-36. [In Persian]
58. Alimohammadlou, Y., Najafi, A., Yalcin, A. (2013). Landslide process and impacts: A propused classification method, Catena, 104: 219-232. [DOI:10.1016/j.catena.2012.11.013]
59. Alinezhad, A., Khalili, J. (2019). New Methods and Applications in Multiple Attribute Decision Making (MADM). International Series in Operations Research & Management Science, 277, Springer, Cham: 231 p. [DOI:10.1007/978-3-030-15009-9]
60. Asghari Saraskanrood, S., Piroozi, E. (2022). Comparative evaluation of WLC, OWA, VIKOR, and MABAC multi-criteria decision-making methods in landslide risk zoning Case study: Givi-chay watershed of Ardabil province, Physical Geography Research Quarterly, 54(1): 65-94. [In Persian]
61. Chen, H.X., Zhang, LM., Gao, L., Zhu, H., Zhang, S. (2015). Presenting regional shallow landslide movement on three-dimensional digital terrain, Engineering Geology, 195(1): 122-134. [DOI:10.1016/j.enggeo.2015.05.027]
62. Goorabi A. (2017). Quantification of mass wasting volume associated with the giant landslide Maleh Kabood induced by the 2017 Kermanshah earthquake from InSAR, Journal of Applied Research in Geographical Sciences, 21 (60) :47-63. [In Persian] [DOI:10.52547/jgs.21.60.47]
63. Jafarzadeh Ghoushchi, S., Shaffiee Haghshenas, S., Memarpour Ghiaci, A. Guido, G., Vitale, A. (2023). Road safety assessment and risks prioritization using an integrated SWARA and MARCOS approach under spherical fuzzy environment, Neural Comput & Applic, 35: 4549-4567. [DOI:10.1007/s00521-022-07929-4] [PMID] []
64. Kumar, A., Sharma, R., Bansal, V. (2022). Spatial Prediction of Landslide Hazard using GIS-multi-criteria Decision Analysis in Kullu District of Himachal Pradesh, India, Journal of Mining and Environment, 13(4): 943-956.
65. Madadi, A., piroozi, E. (2023). Landslide risk zoning in the upstream basin of Yamchi Dam in Ardabil province, using multi-criteria decision making methods MARCOS and CODAS, Quantitative Geomorphological Research, 12(1): 73-94. [In Persian]
66. Madadi, A., Piroozi, E., Faal Naziri, M. (2021). A Comparative Evaluation of MABAC and CODAS Multi-Criteria Decision Algorithms in Landslide Risk Zoning (Case Study: Kowsar County), Geography and Environmental Planning, 31(4): 1-24. [In Persian]
67. Mahmoody-Vanolya, N., Argany, M., Jelokhani-Niaraki, M. (2021). Multi-hazard potential mapping of Mazandaran province using multi-criteria spatial decision analysis, Environmental Management Hazards, 8(4): 395-411. [In Persian]
68. Materazzi, M., Bufalini, M., Gentilucci, M., Pambianchi, G., Aringoli, D., Farabollini, P., (2021). Landslide hazard assessment in a monoclinal setting (Central Italy): Numericalvs, geomorphological approach, Land, 10 (6): 624, 1-22. [DOI:10.3390/land10060624]
69. Mohammadnia M, Fallah G. (2018). Landslides susceptibility mapping using fuzzy logic and AHP, Journal of Applied Research in Geographical Sciences, 18 (48) :115-130. [In Persian] [DOI:10.29252/jgs.18.48.115]
70. Nasiri M, Mohammadzade M, Lotfalian M, Parsakhoo A. (2022). Zoning and Field Study of Landslid es along Forest Roads of Darabkola-Sari, Journal of Watershed Management Research. 13(26): 105-114. [In Persian] [DOI:10.52547/jwmr.13.26.105]
71. Pour farrash zadeh, F., Asghari Sareskanrudb, S. (2022). Assessment and Zoning the Landslide Susceptibility Using Statistical Method in the Blaikhly Catchment (Yamchy Station), Journal of Geography and Environmental Hazards, 11(2): 41-59. [In Persian]
72. Rabby, Y.W., Li, Y., Abedin, J., Sabrina, S., (2022). Impact of Land Use/Land Cover Change on Landslide Susceptibility in Rangamati Municipality of Rangamati District, Bangladesh, International Journal of Geo-Information, 11 (89): 1-16. [DOI:10.3390/ijgi11020089]
73. Rajabi, M., Rezaeimoghadam, M., & Takzare, A. (2020). Landslide hazard potential zoning using the neural network method (Case study: Alamut watershed in Qazvin province), Quantitative Geomorphological Research, 9(3), 185-171. [In Persian]
74. Saha, A., Villuri, VGK., Bhardwaj, A., Kumar, S.A. (2023). Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) Approach for Landslide Susceptibility Mapping of a Part of Darjeeling District in North-East Himalaya, India., Applied Sciences; 13(8): 5062, 1-23. [DOI:10.3390/app13085062]
75. Salehpour, Jam., Mosaffaie, A., Sarfaraz, F. (2021). GIS-based landslide susceptibility mapping using hybrid MCDM models, Nat Hazards, 108: 1025-1046. [DOI:10.1007/s11069-021-04718-5]
76. Sharafi S, sadeghirad M, javadi nia Z. (2020). Paleogeomorphology Reconstruction of Della Landslide and the Formation of the Shimbar Dam Lake in Indica - Khuzestan province, Journal of Applied Research in Geographical Sciences, 20 (56) :177-192. [In Persian] [DOI:10.29252/jgs.20.56.177]
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111. Zhu H, Liu, F. (2021). A group-decision-making framework for evaluating urban flood resilience: a case study in yangtze river, Sustain, 13(2): 1-16. [DOI:10.3390/su13020665]
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