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Cognitive aspects of Iranian parent's parenting: A qualitative research
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Volume 6, Issue 3 (12-2018)
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the cognitive dimensions of parenting in Iran. The research has a qualitative design and the method used is Grounded Theory (GT).  The population consisted of all Muslim parents with children over 10 years of age, living in Tehran and Karaj during the summer of 1395 to the summer of 1396. The sample contained 33 Muslim parents who were studied through semi-structured interviews. The interviews' data was analyzed on the basis of Strauss and Corbin's instruction (1998) and eventually, the result consisted of open, axial and, selective coding, 272 initial codes, 31 concepts, 6 categories, and 2 classes: intrapersonal competencies class which contains psychological competencies (cognitive competencies, identity, self-esteem, emotion regulation, autonomy, resiliency, taking responsibility/personal discipline), achievement oriented competencies (physical competencies, economic/financial competencies, occupational competencies, educational competencies and goal/schedule) and spiritual competencies(religiosity, and individual ethnics). the interpersonal competencies class which includes interpersonal communication competencies (intimacy/kindness, assertiveness, flexibility/being open to criticism), family relationships competencies (adaptability, communication skills, parent's respect, cooperation and partnership, commitment/loyalty/solidarity, law abiding, compliance) and social competencies (rights of others, law abiding, general relationships, social ethnics, altruism/assisting, adaptation/confirmation seeking and social commitment).

The Relationship Between Parenting Styles and Creativity: The Mediating Role of Executive Functions
Pariya Sadat Meraji Saeed, Dr. Zahra Hashemi, Fateme Fooladi,
Volume 12, Issue 2 (9-2024)
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between parenting styles and creativity, emphasizing the mediating role of executive functions among students. This research was a correlational study. The study population included all the students of Al-Zahra University (S) in the academic year 1402-1403, from which 245 students were selected using the access method. To collect data, Baumrind’s parenting styles questionnaire, Abedi’s creativity assessment test, and Najati’s cognitive abilities questionnaire were used. The collected data were analyzed using Pearson's correlation test and structural equation modeling with the help of Amos24 and spss22 software. The research findings indicated that there is a positive and significant relationship between parenting styles and creativity and executive functions (P<0.01). Also, the model of the mediating role of executive functions had a good fit in the relationship between parenting styles and creativity. As a result, it can be said that the variable of executive functions has a significant mediating role in the relationship between parenting styles and creativity. Therefore, it is necessary to help strengthen children's creativity through their executive functions by informing parents about various parenting styles.
 

Investigating the mediating role of mindful parenting in the relationship between maternal depression and child internalizing and externalizing cognitive-emotional problems
Maeede Teymori, Mohammadreza Shaeeri, Hojjatollah Farahni,
Volume 12, Issue 3 (12-2024)
Abstract
Cognitive-emotional internalizing and externalizing problems are among the most significant psychological challenges of childhood, potentially affecting children's mental and social well-being in the future. Maternal depression has been identified as a key factor contributing to these problems; however, the underlying mechanisms of this association remain unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the mediating role of mindful parenting in the relationship between maternal depression and children's cognitive-emotional internalizing and externalizing problems.
This applied research employed a correlational design using structural equation modeling. The statistical population included all mothers of elementary school children in Tehran during the 2023-2024 academic year, from whom 385 participants were selected through multistage cluster sampling. Data were collected using the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21; Antony et al., 1998), the Mindful Parenting Questionnaire (MIPQ; McCaffrey, Reitman, & Black, 2015), and the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL; Achenbach & Rescorla, 2001), completed by mothers. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS23 and LISREL 8.
The results of structural equation modeling indicated that the proposed model had a good fit. Findings showed a significant positive relationship between maternal depression and children's cognitive-emotional internalizing and externalizing problems (p < 0.01). Furthermore, the "being in the present moment with the child" component (a subdimension of mindful parenting) significantly mediated this relationship. Specifically, maternal depression, by reducing the mother's mindful presence in interactions with the child, led to an increase in children's cognitive-emotional problems.
These findings highlight the importance of training parents in mindfulness skills, particularly the ability to be present with their children, as an effective strategy for mitigating the negative impact of maternal depression on children's cognitive-emotional well-being. Consequently, intervention programs in child and family mental health should emphasize the enhancement of mindful parenting among parents.

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