فصلنامه روانشناسی شناختی

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the coping styles, meta-cognitive beliefs and test anxiety by considering the mediating role of coping styles based on the Self-regulatory executive function in the university students. In 2010, 638 students of Tehran’s kharazmi University and Agricultural faculty of Tehran University were selected through Stratified sampling method from October to November. Students completed Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations of Endler and Parker, Test Anxiety Inventory, Metacognitions Questionnaire. In this study the correlational method was used. Spearman correlation test was used to determine the relationship between the variables and the path analysis method was used to determine the contribution of each component. The Results showed that the emotion-oriented and problem-oriented coping strategies had a mediating role in the relationship between the meta-cognition and test anxiety. But avoidance coping strategy had no mediating role in this relationship. Of five dimensions of meta-cognition, only the positive meta-cognitive beliefs and cognitive confidence had a direct effect on the test anxiety. But the effects of other dimensions were indirect. With respect to the results, focusing on the coping strategies and meta-cognitive beliefs can play an important role in the students’ test anxiety. It is suggested that the treatment interventions which are based on the meta-cognition and coping should be considered for treatment of test anxiety disorder.  

This study examined the moderating effect of cultural and sex differences on the relationship between appraisal processes with academic stress among male and female Iranian and Swedish university students. On a sample consisting of 212 students [112 Iranian (male 32 and female 78) 100 Swedish (male 29 and female 71)] were administrated the primary and secondary appraisal processes and Academic Stress Questionnaire. The results of multiple regression model showed significant positive relationship between primary appraisal and academic stress among Iranian students and nonsignificant positive relationship between primary appraisal and academic stress among Swedish students. Results also indicated that there was a significant negative correlation between secondary appraisal and academic stress among Iranian and Swedish students. Results also showed that there was a nonsignificant positive relationship between primary appraisal and academic stress and a significant negative relationship between secondary appraisal and academic stress among both sexes. Therefore, the relationship between primary and secondary appraisals and academic stress by sex was not moderated. In sum, these findings emphasize that for the purpose of prediction of academic stress the functional properties of primary appraisal were dissimilar and the functional properties of secondary appraisal were similar in two cultural contexts and the functional properties primary and secondary appraisals were similar in tow sex groups.

The aim of present study was to investigation the role of metacognitive beliefs and thought control strategies in test anxiety symptoms of students. In a frame of correlation design, using multi-stage cluster sampling among high school students of Estahban and Shiraz in the 93-94 academic year, 401 students (male and female) were selected and completed test anxiety inventory (TAI), metacognitive questionnaire (MCQ-30) and thought control questionnaire (TCQ). Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise multiple regression analysis. Pearson correlation coefficient showed that the cognitive components of positive beliefs about worry, uncontrollability, danger and cognitive confidence had a positive relationship with test anxiety symptoms of students. Also, among thought control strategies, worry, social control and punishment had a positive relationship with test anxiety symptoms of student, but attention diversion had a negative relationship. The results of stepwise multiple regression analysis of variables combination showed that uncontrollability and danger, cognitive confidence, punishment and need to thoughts control predict test anxiety symptoms of students, respectively.  The results of this study suggests that one of important factors in incidence of test anxiety in students is metacognitive beliefs and copying strategies about them. Therefore, it is recommended that pay particular attention to metacognitive beliefs and copying strategies in the prevention programs or treatment of test anxiety. 

Abstract

The main purpose of this study was to investigate causal relationship between cognitive emotion regulation, metacognition and test anxiety were evaluated in students according to the self-regulatory executive function model of wells and Matthews (1999). Data was analyzed through correlation, structural equation modeling. In this study 1000 students at second and third grade of public, governmental and gifted school were participated from October to November 2015 by cluster random sampling method. The participants completed cognitive emotion regulation inventory (Garnefski et al, 2001), test anxiety inventory (Abolghasemi: et al, 1995) and metacognition questionnaire (Cartwright-Hatton and Wells, 2004). Result of this study showed positive and negative cognitive emotion regulation had a mediating role in the relationship between Meta cognition and test anxiety in student. Metacognition had a direct and indirect effect on test anxiety by mediating role of positive and negative cognitive emotion regulation but negative cognitive emotion regulation had a more effect than positive cognitive emotion regulation in mediating role between meta cognition and test anxiety. To the result, focusing on the cognitive emotion regulation strategies can play on important role in student test anxiety. More interventions based on metacognition and negative cognitive emotion regulation in treatment for pathological test anxiety are suggested.