SPACE ECONOMY & RURAL DEVELOPMENT

fa تحلیل فضایی توسعه نواحی مرزی شرق کشور مورد: دهستان های مرزی استان خراسان جنوبی Spatial Analysis of Development of Boarder Regions in East Iran Case Study: Border villages in South Khorasan Province تخصصي Special پژوهشي Research سازمان فضایی یا ساماندهی همگن توسعهی فضا، یکی از دغدغههای بنیادی سیاستمداران و برنامهریزان در مقیاسهای گوناگون ملی، منطقهای و فرامنطقهای است. برنامهریزی، ارتباط و جریانهای میان سکونتگاهها بهویژه در مناطق مرزی، نیاز به سازماندهی فضایی را برای نواحی روستایی بهوجود میآورد تا مسائل کلان و ملی، همچون موضوعات امنیتی را بتوان دقیقتر و کارآمدتر ساماندهی کرد. با توجه به چنین اهمیتی، پژوهش پیش روی، کوشیده است تا سطح توسعهی فضایی دهستانهای مرزی استان خراسان جنوبی را مطالعه کند. در پژوهش پیش رو، 23 شاخص از شاخصهای توسعهی فضایی واکاوی شده است. پژوهش، از لحاظ روشی علی- مقایسهای است و با بهرهگیری از روش شباهت به گزینهی ایدهآل (تاپسیس) و روش آنتروپی به بررسی آمایشی 11 دهستان از مجموع دهستانهای مرزی استان خراسان جنوبی پرداخته است. نتایج این پژوهش، نشان از آن دارد که دهستان "مود"، در بالاترین سطح برخورداری نسبت به دیگر دهستانهای مورد مطالعه قرار دارد. از لحاظ توسعهی شاخصهای اقتصادی- اجتماعی، آموزشی- فرهنگی، بهداشتی- درمانی و شاخصهای زیربنایی، 6 دهستان شامل درح، مومن آباد، میغان، بندان، شوسف و گزیک بعنوان دهستانهای نیمه برخوردار و چهار دهستان به ترتیب شامل قهستان، میاندشت، نهارنجان و عربخانه بهعنوان دهستانهای محروم شناسایی شدند. از این رو، به نظر میرسد که سازمان فضایی در میان دهستانهای مرزی استان خراسان جنوبی، به شدت نامتوازن و نامتجانس است. <div style="text-align: justify; ">Introduction</div> <div style="text-align: justify; ">When unbalanced spatial dispersion of developmental indicators increase, unbalanced distribution of facilities and population will dramatically increase too and meanwhile the increase of centralization of indicators in regions that suffer from centralization of facilities and population will lead to population and facilities movement from deprived regions and this will increase unbalanced spatial-geographical dispersion. So, achieving sustainable development of human force is impossible. For achieving sustainable development as the ultimate goal of planning, the first step is studying and recognizing the current situation and the level of distribution of facilities in regions as a starting point for achieving development. Planning which its goal is sustainable development in settlements especially in border regions, needs spatial organization in rural regions to organize macro and national issues including national security issues more precisely and more efficiently. Therefore, in this study compatibility or incompatibility in spatial dispersion of development pattern in South Khorasan villages are evaluated and classified regarding some indicators such as infrastructure, social-economic, education and culture, and health. According to the results of this study, it seems that spatial organization in border counties and villages located in South Khorasan is extremely unbalanced and incompatible.</div> <div style="text-align: justify; ">Methodology</div> <div style="text-align: justify; ">Regarding its methodology, this study is a cause and effect-comparative one and regarding its nature it is a practical study. 23 indicators have been chosen out of developmental indicators which include socioeconomic, educational-cultural, health and infrastructural ones. Data were collected through documentary research using documents of government offices in 1392, in four cities which are located in South Khorasan border (Nehbandadn, Darmiyan, Zirkuh and Sarbisheh). Statistical population includes villages located in border counties in South Khorasan province and the study samples regarding statistical population have been determined 11 villages according to the separation of political boundaries in villages. To classify border villages of this province according to the level of getting facilities according to the studied indicators, TOPSIS approach and Shannon Entropy Coefficient have been used to determine the weight coefficient of each of the indicators.</div> <div style="text-align: justify; ">Discussion and Conclusion In recent years, planners and politicians are interested in studying the unbalanced spatial dispersion in different geographical areas and the existence of unbalanced conditions in different dimensions is an important sign of undeveloped regions. This study tries to reveal the importance of getting more of economic indicators through a critical realism point of view by answering to this question that "how border rural districts of South Khorasan province are related to their socioeconomic context as an organization?” It seems that by evaluating spatial condition, it is possible to achieve to a total indicator of security status; therefore it is expected that security status will not be in a good condition when a region gets less of economic indicators. The study result showed that Mood rural district have the best condition in evaluating socioeconomic, educational-cultural, health and infrastructural indicators and as a result in final classification this rural district is the only district among border rural districts in South Khorsan province which gets the most facilities. Studies show that rural districts, Mood, Doroh, MomenAbad, Mighan and Shusf are respectively in the first to fifth grade, regarding balanced spatial development pattern. In this classification, four rural districts, Ghohestan, Miyandasht, Naharenjan, Arabkhane are deprived rural districts respectively. On the whole, in South Khorasan province among 11 rural districts as study samples, regarding socialeconomic, educational-cultural, health and infrastructural indicators, 6 rural districts including Doroh, MomenAbad, Mighan, Bandan, Shusf ans Gezik are recognized as rural districts that get less facilities and four of them including Ghohestan, Miyandashtn Naharenjan and Arabkhane are recognized as deprived rural districts respectively.  Mood rural district is the only case that encompasses all of this study indicators, however this region is not in a desirable situation and its numerical distance from developmental indicators is almost a lot. Such pattern shows the incompatible and unbalanced characteristic of spatial construction in border counties of South Khorasan province.</div> توسعه, امنیت پایدار, سازمان فضا, دهستان های مرزی خراسان جنوبی. Development, Sustainable Security, Space Organization, Border Villages of South Khorasan. 147 167 http://serd.khu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-2-21&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Afshin Mottaghi افشین متقی afshin_mottaghi@yahoo.com 10031947532846001807 10031947532846001807 Yes Assistant Professor of the Faculty of Geographical Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran استادیار دانشکده علوم جغرافیایی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران. Hossein Rabiei حسین ربیعی 10031947532846001808 10031947532846001808 No Assistant Professor of the Faculty of Geographical Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran استادیار دانشکده علوم جغرافیایی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران. Mosayeb GharehBeygi مصیب قره بیگی 10031947532846001809 10031947532846001809 No MA Student of Political Geography, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد جغرافیای سیاسی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران.