SPACE ECONOMY & RURAL DEVELOPMENT

fa سنجش و تحلیل سطوح توسعه‌یافتگی زیربنایی در نواحی روستایی استان اردبیل Evaluation and Analysis of the Level of Infrastructure Development in Rural Areas of Ardabil Province تخصصي Special پژوهشي Research <p dir="RTL" style="margin-right: -0.1pt; text-align: justify; "><strong>برای سنجش و سطحبندی توسعه‌یافتگی مناطق، شاخص‌های بسیاری وجود دارد. هر یک از این شاخص‌ها دارای ارزش و اهمیت خاصی است که با توجه به نوع هدف و روش مطالعه، مورد استفاده قرار می‌گیرد. به‌کارگیری این شاخص‌ها زمینه مناسبی برای ارائه راهبردها و به‌کارگیری برنامه‌های مناسب توسعه‌ی نواحی و همچنین پی‌ریزی و ایجاد توسعه‌ی یکپارچه ناحیه‌ای و تحلیل وابستگی سکونتگاه‌های انسانی در سطوح نواحی می‌شود. پژوهش حاضر با استفاده از 13 شاخص زیربنایی، بهدنبال سنجش سطح توسعه‌یافتگی دهستان‌های استان اردبیل و تعیین سطوح برخورداری آن‌ها بوده است. روش تحقیق به صورت توصیفی- تحلیلی بوده و داده‌های تحقیق به روش کتابخانه‌ای جمعآوری شده است. پس از جمعآوری داده‌ها، وزن شاخص‌ها با استفاده از آنتروپی شانون تعیین و بهوسیله روشهای</strong><strong><span dir="LTR">TOPSIS </span></strong><strong>، </strong><strong><span dir="LTR">VIKOR</span></strong><strong>،</strong><strong><span dir="LTR"> SAW</span></strong> <strong>و </strong><strong><span dir="LTR">HDI</span></strong><strong> رتبه‌بندی شده است؛ همچنین برای رسیدن به یک اجماع کلی از یک تکنیک ادغامی تحت عنوان کپ‌لند استفاده گردید. یافتههای حاصل از اجرای تکنیک کپ‌لند نشان داد که دهستان‌های</strong> <strong>پلنگا، محمودآباد و ویلکج جنوبی، به ترتیب</strong><strong> در رتبه‌های نخست و دهستان‌های کلخوران، پایین برزند و انگوت شرقی به ترتیب در رتبه‌های آخر از لحاظ توسعه یافتگی زیربنایی قرار دارد. </strong></p> <div style="text-align: justify; "><strong><span class="fontstyle0">Introduction</span></strong></div> <div style="text-align: justify; "><span class="fontstyle1">Regional development is one of those issues that have attracted lots of attentions by </span>program-makers, especially the regional ones. A study on various levels of the major criterions including those of economic, social, cultural and health, particularly at regional level, is useful to determine the position of different regions, as it requires special considerations in regional level as well as determining conditions of national adaptation and conformity. So, as a country with various levels of development in different provinces, the rate of development of the cities and areas within a province cannot be the same. It may sometimes happen that due to the heterogeneous spatial distribution of development resources and different factors of economic, social and natural areas in rural districts of a province we cannot find any proper process of development. It seems that in the province of Ardabil, inequality and imbalances in optimal distribution of resources has caused the problem of concentration of facilities and services in the city dominated area that will consequently lead to the divergence and development gap among different regions. This is despite the fact that a little number of researches has done to determine the level of development of rural districts using different models and their integration as well as using the latest census results.</div> <div style="text-align: justify; "><strong><span class="fontstyle0">Methodology</span></strong></div> <div style="text-align: justify; "><span class="fontstyle1">This paper presents a practical article using descriptive analytical method. In order to </span>collect basic information on the topic of different documentary methods based on library have been used. By documentaries methods collected theoretical principles related to the subject of the research and indexes. In this regard, due to the confronting limitations, we relied on to the determination of 13 indicators and variables in the field of infrastructure development. After collecting and processing information and required data in Excel, development levels of villages was calculated by means of multi-criteria decision making methods of TOPSIS, VIKOR, SAW and composite index of human development (HDI). In the following investigations done, Kapland method was used to achieve a consensus for the classification of rural districts. Finally, the results were illustrated in the form of maps using GIS to enable better analysis of spatial development in the province.</div> <div style="text-align: justify; "><strong><span class="fontstyle0">Discussion and conclusion</span></strong></div> <div style="text-align: justify; "><span class="fontstyle2">The study and comparison of rural districts in various aspects of economic, cultural, </span>physical and spatial can significantly help Planners and policy makers in villages to take the right steps in the process of decision making and implementation of appropriate programs to provide them as many chances as possible to reduce regional inequalities. It is noteworthy that, currently, there are several statistical and cartographic methods of micro and macro ranking of rural districts providing different results as outputs. Thus, using new methods, comparing them with each other and choosing the best one is a matter of particular importance. In this study, after examining rural districts of Ardabil Province in terms of its underlying indicators, the following results were obtained. Results from ranking of rural districts in terms of different levels indicate that we should make a cautious use of multi-criteria decision-making methods (MCDM). The mere use of one or more quantitative model cannot reveal the reality of a society. Because, as we have already seen, TOPSIS, VIKOR, SAW, and HDI model have presented different results. For example, the highest level of development in TOPSIS model is dedicated to the rural districts of Mahmudabad, South Vilkij and Palnga. While in other models the highest level of development belongs to (rural districts of Kalkhoran, Eastern Angot and down Brznd in VIKOR), (rural districts of Eastern, southern and western Kishlak in HDI), (rural districts of Eastern Kalkhoran, and Eastern Khandbyl in SAW). Furthermore, using these four models showed different results in final ratings. As, the lowest level of development belongs to (the rural districts of Sabalan, Western Angot and down Brznd in TOPSIS), (the rural districts of Plnga, Kishlak Reza Qoli and low Brznd in VILOR), (the rural eastern districts of Minabad and Kalkhoran in HDI) and (the rural districts of western, eastern and southern Kishlak in SAW). It should be mentioned that the rural district of down Brznd has occupied the final ranking place just in the two models of TOPSIS and VIKOR. Eventually, by the use of the composite model of kapland we have resolved the problem and achieve a final ranking. Results from this model indicate that rural districts of Southern Senjed, Central Arshagh, and Eastern Angot have the highest and Arjestan, Alvarus, and Sabalan have the lowest level of development.</div> سطوح توسعه, توسعه‌یافتگی زیربنایی, برخورداری, نواحی روستایی, استان اردبیل. level of development, infrastructure development, enjoyment, rural areas, Ardebil Province. 39 56 http://serd.khu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-2-5&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Mohamad Hossain Yazdani محمد حسن یزدانی 10031947532846001771 10031947532846001771 Yes Assistant Professor in Geography and Urban Planning, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran. استادیار جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران Afshar Seyedeyn افشار سیدین 10031947532846001772 10031947532846001772 No M.A. of Geography and Urban Planning, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran. کارشناس ارشد جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران Rasoul Tayefe Eisa Khajeloo رسول طایفه عیسی خواجه لو 10031947532846001773 10031947532846001773 No M.A. of Geography and Urban Planning, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran. کارشناس ارشد جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران