Showing 68 results for Cognitive
Shiva Kaveh Ahangari, Zohreh Ganbari, Fatemeh Ameneh Aghareb Parast, Elnaz Baniani, Zahra Sadat Hoseini,
Volume 19, Issue 3 (12-2025)
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of Gottman couple therapy and Glasser reality therapy-based couple therapy on the sense of coherence and cognitive flexibility of couples with marital conflict. This study was a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The statistical population included couples who referred to the Mindful Psychology Clinic in Tehran in 2025 due to marital conflict. Among them, 45 couples were selected using convenience sampling and randomly assigned to three groups: Gottman couple therapy, Glasser reality therapy-based couple therapy, and the control group (15 couples in each group). The experimental groups received 10 and 12 treatment sessions, respectively, and the control group was placed on a waiting list. Data were collected using the Dennis and Vanderwaal Cognitive Flexibility Questionnaire and the Antonovsky Sense of Coherence Questionnaire and analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance and Bonferroni post hoc test in SPSS-26 software. The findings showed that both interventions significantly increased cognitive flexibility and sense of coherence compared to the control group (P<0.001). Also, Gottman couple therapy was more effective in improving both variables compared to Glaser reality therapy-based couple therapy (P<0.05). Accordingly, both therapeutic approaches were effective in improving psychological indicators of couples with marital conflict, but Gottman couple therapy was more effective and can be used as an appropriate intervention in family counseling and treatment centers.
Hoda Jafarian, Maryam Nakhkoob,
Volume 19, Issue 3 (12-2025)
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy on thought fusion and the severity of obsessive-compulsive symptoms in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder. The research method was a quasi-experimental design with a pre-test, post-test, and follow-up with a control group. The statistical population of the study included patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder referring to counseling centers and psychological clinics in Tehran between October and December 2025. After the diagnosis of the disorder based on the Structured Clinical Interview (SCID) and the Yale-Brown Scale, 40 patients were selected using a convenience sampling method and randomly assigned to two experimental groups (20 people) and control groups (20 people). The experimental group underwent cognitive-behavioral therapy, and data were collected using the Thought Fusion Questionnaire (TAFQ) and the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsivity Scale (Y-BOCS) at the pre-test, post-test, and follow-up stages. Data analysis was performed using repeated measures analysis of variance. The results showed that cognitive-behavioral therapy significantly reduced thought fusion and the severity of obsessive-compulsive symptoms in the experimental group compared to the control group, and this effect was maintained at the follow-up stage. Based on the findings of the study, cognitive-behavioral therapy can be used as an effective intervention in reducing the symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder by modifying dysfunctional cognitive beliefs, especially thought-action fusion
Zohreh Esmaaili, Sahar Shakour, Samira Ramazenkhani, Hosna Rostami, Fatemeh Ghasempour,
Volume 19, Issue 4 (3-2025)
Abstract
This review study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) in reducing social anxiety among adolescents. A systematic search was conducted across Web of Science, ScienceDirect, Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar, Magiran, and IranDoc using relevant keywords. Studies assessing MBCT’s impact on adolescent social anxiety with a PEDro score above 5 were included. From 43 identified articles, 6 met the inclusion criteria. Findings indicated that MBCT significantly reduces social anxiety in adolescents, though variations in methodology, sample size, and assessment tools were observed. These results underscore MBCT’s potential as an effective intervention for social anxiety. It is recommended that MBCT be integrated into school-based counseling and mental health programs. Further research with standardized methodologies is needed to explore MBCT’s efficacy across diverse cultural contexts.
Ms Khadijeh Miadi, Dr Soheila Rahmani,
Volume 19, Issue 4 (3-2025)
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the mediating role of body image concerns in the relationship between metacognitive beliefs, emotional dysregulation, and intolerance of uncertainty with the severity of bulimia nervosa symptoms in women. This study was descriptive-correlational and based on structural equation modeling. The statistical population included all women with bulimia nervosa referring to medical centers in Tehran in 1403, from which 385 people were selected through purposive sampling. The research instruments included the Body Image Concerns Questionnaire, Metacognitive Beliefs Questionnaire, Difficulty in Regulating Emotions Scale, Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale, and Eating Disorder Assessment Questionnaire, and the data were analyzed using AMOS software. The results showed that metacognitive beliefs, emotional dysregulation, and intolerance of uncertainty have a positive and significant relationship with body image concerns; also, body image concerns had a significant relationship with the severity of bulimia nervosa symptoms. Path analysis showed that all three variables mentioned have an indirect and significant effect on the severity of bulimia nervosa symptoms through body image concerns. As a result, it can be said that body image concerns play an important mediating role in the relationship between cognitive-emotional variables and the severity of bulimia nervosa disorder; accordingly, therapeutic interventions should focus on correcting dysfunctional metacognitive beliefs, improving emotion regulation, and increasing tolerance for uncertainty in order to reduce the symptoms of bulimia nervosa disorder in patients by reducing body image concerns.
Zohreh Ahmadi,
Volume 19, Issue 4 (3-2025)
Abstract
The present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on rumination and depressive symptoms in students with major depressive disorder. This study was a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The statistical population included all students with major depressive disorder referred to the Tehran Health Center in 1404, from which 30 students with major depressive disorder were selected through purposive sampling and randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups. The experimental group underwent 8 90-minute sessions of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy intervention, while the control group did not receive any intervention. Data collection tools included the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) and the Rumination Scale (RRS). Data were analyzed using analysis of covariance. The results of data analysis showed that there was a significant difference between the mean pre-test and post-test scores of the experimental group in rumination variables and depressive symptoms. In fact, participating in mindfulness-based cognitive therapy sessions led to a significant reduction in the repetition of unwanted thoughts and the alleviation of clinical symptoms of depression in students. Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy, by teaching the skills of being present in the moment and accepting without judgment, is an effective tool for managing repetitive thoughts and improving the mental state of students with major depression and can be used as a complementary intervention in university counseling centers.
Omid Najafzadeh Rahaghi, Hasan Naderi,
Volume 20, Issue 1 (4-2026)
Abstract
Sense of coherence is one of the important components in the perception and management of stressful situations and the maintenance of psychological functioning, and it is particularly important in individuals with depressive symptoms. The present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral group therapy on sense of coherence in individuals with depressive symptoms who referred to counseling centers in Qom. This study was a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest control group design. The study population consisted of individuals with depressive symptoms who referred to counseling centers in Qom in 2025. Twenty participants were selected through convenience sampling and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The experimental group received cognitive-behavioral group therapy in eight 60-minute sessions, while the control group received no intervention. Data were collected using the 35-item Sense of Coherence Questionnaire developed by Flensborg-Madsen et al. and were analyzed using multivariate and univariate analysis of covariance. The findings showed that, after controlling for pretest scores, there were significant differences between the two groups in the comprehensibility and meaningfulness components of sense of coherence, whereas the difference in the manageability component was not significant. Based on the findings, cognitive-behavioral group therapy may be used to improve some components of sense of coherence, particularly comprehensibility and meaningfulness, in individuals with depressive symptoms.
Dr Mohammad Borna, Mrs Seyede Fazileh Alboushoke,
Volume 20, Issue 1 (4-2026)
Abstract
The aim of this research was to investigate the effectiveness of rumination-focused cognitive behavioral therapy on interpretation bias in adolescent girls with depressive disorder. The study community included all female adolescents studying in the age range of 15 to 18 years in Ramshir City in 2023-2024. From the aforementioned population, a sample of 350 people was selected using Sample available and completed the Beck Depression Inventory, of which 28 people scored above the cutoff point (score higher than 25). Then, this group underwent a diagnostic interview and completed the Amir et al. (1998) Interpretation Bias Questionnaire as a pre-test. Both groups were randomly assigned into two experimental groups and a control group. The present research design was a semi-experimental pre-test-post-test type with a control group. The experimental group underwent rumination-focused cognitive behavioral therapy, but the control group did not receive any intervention. The results showed that rumination-focused cognitive behavioral therapy was effective in reducing interpretation bias in adolescent girls with depressive disorder. According to the findings of the present study, it can be concluded that rumination-focused cognitive behavioral therapy can be used as an effective method to help improve the conditions of adolescent girls with depressive disorder.
Seyedeh Fatemeh Esmaeilpour, Esmaeil Sadipour,
Volume 20, Issue 2 (6-2026)
Abstract
Narcissistic personality disorder and histrionic personality disorder are Cluster B personality disorders that, despite sharing certain behavioral traits, differ in their cognitive patterns. The present study aimed to compare cognitive errors and cognitive flexibility in individuals with narcissistic and histrionic personality disorders. A causal-comparative research design was employed. The statistical population consisted of clients at the Mersana Counseling Center in Tehran, from which individuals diagnosed with narcissistic and histrionic personality disorders were selected using simple random sampling. The Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory (MCMI-III) was used to diagnose personality disorders, while the Cognitive Distortions Questionnaire (Abdollahzadeh & Salar, 2010) and the Cognitive Flexibility Inventory (Dennis & Vander Wal, 2010) were used to assess cognitive errors and cognitive flexibility, respectively. Data were analyzed using an independent t-test. The results indicated no significant difference between the two groups regarding cognitive errors and cognitive flexibility. Regarding the components of cognitive errors, "magnification" ranked highest and "disqualifying the positive" ranked lowest in both groups. Additionally, scores for "jumping to conclusions" and "personalization" were higher in the histrionic personality disorder group compared to the narcissistic group. Overall, while no significant difference was observed between individuals with narcissistic and histrionic personality disorders regarding cognitive errors and cognitive flexibility, variations in specific cognitive error components may reflect distinct cognitive patterns associated with these disorders; recognizing these differences is essential for a more precise understanding and the design of interventions tailored to the specific characteristics of each disorder.
