Showing 83 results for Emotion
Elahe Jafarpoor, Mojtaba Jafarishahidi,
Volume 18, Issue 2 (9-2024)
Abstract
| Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) significantly affects family dynamics and can impact parental mental health. The present study aimed to examine differences in self-compassion and emotion regulation between parents of adolescents with ASD and parents of typically developing adolescents to identify their effects on parental mental health.This research employed a causal-comparative design, with a purposive sample of 200 parents (100 parents from each group) selected from clinical centers in Tehran. Data were collected using the Self-Compassion Scale, the Toronto Alexithymia Scale, and the SCL-90 questionnaire to assess mental health. Data analysis was conducted using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA).The results indicated that parents of adolescents with ASD had significantly lower self-compassion and experienced greater emotion dysregulation compared to parents of typically developing adolescents. Furthermore, these parents exhibited higher levels of psychological distress, including anxiety, depression, and stress.The findings highlight the unique psychological challenges faced by parents of adolescents with ASD and emphasize the necessity of designing effective interventions to enhance self-compassion and emotion regulation. Strengthening these factors may contribute to improved parental mental health and help mitigate difficulties associated with raising children with ASD. |
Abolfazl Moradi, Dr Mehran Azadi, Dr Zohreh Mosazadeh,
Volume 18, Issue 3 (12-2024)
Abstract
| The present research aimed to model the structural equations of marital burnout based on early maladaptive schemas, marital expectations, and emotional information processing, with the mediating role of sexual self-concept in women seeking divorce in Shiraz. The present research was a correlational descriptive study of the structural equation modeling type. The statistical population of this research consisted of all women seeking divorce who were referred to family courts in the year 1402. From the statistical population, 320 individuals were selected using a multi-stage random sampling method. The research tools included the Pines Marital Burnout Questionnaire (1996), the Young Schema Questionnaire (2003), the Hope and Colleagues Marital Expectations Questionnaire (1389), the Baker Emotional Information Processing Questionnaire (2007), and the Snell Sexual Self-Concept Questionnaire (1995). The collected data were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM). The results obtained from the direct relationships of the research variables indicated that there is a positive and significant relationship between early maladaptive schemas, marital expectations, and emotional information processing with marital burnout. Additionally, early maladaptive schemas, marital expectations, and emotional information processing have a positive and significant indirect effect on marital burnout through sexual self-concept. Based on the findings of the research, it can be concluded that sexual self-concept, as a mediating variable, was able to explain the relationship between early maladaptive schemas, marital expectations, and emotional information processing. |
Dr Mohsen Rasouli, Mrs Aysan Sharei, Mr Ali Salmani,
Volume 18, Issue 3 (12-2024)
Abstract
The present study aimed to examine the mediating role of emotion regulation and emotional suppression in the relationship between personality traits and addiction tendencies among university students. This research was a descriptive-correlational study. The statistical population consisted of all students at Kharazmi University during the academic year 2023-2024, from which 357 students were selected using convenience sampling. Data were collected using the NEO Five-Factor Personality Inventory (McCrae & Costa, 1992), the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (Gross & John, 2003), and the Addiction Tendency Scale (Weid & Butcher, 1992). Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling with SPSS 24 and Amos 24 software. The results revealed that neuroticism had a direct and positive relationship with addiction tendency, while extraversion and conscientiousness showed a direct and negative relationship with addiction tendency. No significant direct relationship was found between agreeableness and addiction tendency. Furthermore, neuroticism had a direct relationship with emotional suppression, while extraversion and conscientiousness had a direct relationship with reappraisal of emotions. Reappraisal of emotional experiences was not significantly related to addiction tendency, but emotional suppression had a significant direct relationship with addiction tendency. Additionally, emotional suppression played a mediating role in the relationship between neuroticism and addiction tendency (t = 1.96). Therefore, personality traits, as well as emotion regulation and suppression, play a significant role in the tendency toward addiction among students. Targeting these two factors in psychological treatments may be effective in reducing students’ addiction tendencies.
Hanieh Hatami, Nurallah Mohammadi, Habib Hadian Fard, Abdol Aziz Aflakseir,
Volume 18, Issue 3 (12-2024)
Abstract
Past traumatic experiences with primary caregivers lead to the formation of cognitive and behavioral patterns that serve as styles of thinking and acting. These patterns are maladaptive strategies that disrupt emotional regulation. On the other hand, "corrective emotional experiences" in the approaches of schema therapy and intensive short-term dynamic psychotherapy help change dysfunctional patterns and regulate emotions in traumatized individuals. using a single-case study method. The study population included all individuals aged 18 to 40 in Tehran who, in 2023, volunteered to participate in the research following the project announcement. Finally, six individuals were selected through purposive sampling. Subsequently, the cognitive and behavioral emotion regulation questionnaires were administered to each individual at the baseline (2 to 4 times), intervention (3 times), and follow-up (1 time) stages. The results of visual and statistical analysis between the intervention and baseline conditions, including Cohen's d effect size, non-overlapping and overlapping data, changes in the median and mean, and absolute level changes,indicated the effectiveness of both treatments oncognitive and behavioral emotion regulation.However, schema therapy was more effective than intensive short-term dynamic psychotherapy in improving emotion regulation.
Mrs Farzaneh Abbaslou, Yousef Dehghani, Sooran Rajabi, Farideh Sadat Hosseini,
Volume 18, Issue 3 (12-2024)
Abstract
Arezou Lashkari, Touraj Hashemi Nosrat Abadi,
Volume 18, Issue 4 (3-2025)
Abstract
The Cognitive, Affective, and Somatic Empathy Scale (CASES) proposes a new three-component structure of empathy. The aim of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the Cognitive, Affective, and Somatic Empathy Scale, the statistical population consisted of all students aged 18 to 50 years studying at Tabriz University in the academic year 2022-2023, selected through convenience sampling. The instruments used in the study included the CASES, the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI), the Perth Alexithymia Questionnaire (PAQ), and the Temporal Experience of Pleasure Scale. Data were analyzed using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), Cronbach's alpha, and Pearson's coefficient with SPSS 24 and Lisrel 8 software. The reliability of the questionnaire was calculated using internal consistency methods. For convergent validity, the Perth Alexithymia Questionnaire (2018), Davis’s Interpersonal Reactivity Index (1983), and Gard’s Temporal Experience of Pleasure Scale (2006) were used. The results of reliability calculation using Cronbach's alpha showed coefficients above 0.70. Confirmatory Factor Analysis also indicated that the three-factor solution had a better fit. The correlation analysis results support the validity of this scale. Based on the results of this research, it can be concluded that the Cognitive, Affective, and Somatic Empathy Scale has appropriate reliability and validity.
Mahtab Chegeni, Reyhane Sheykhan, Tooraj Sepahvand,
Volume 18, Issue 4 (3-2025)
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate efficacy of emotion-focused therapy on impulsivity, social adjustment, and social networking addiction in adolescents who attempted suicide. The present study design was a quasi-experimental pre-test-post-test with a control group. statistical sample of this study was 30 people who were selected through purposive sampling and then randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups (15 people). The measurement tools included Barat's Impulsivity Questionnaire, Sinha and Singh's Social Adjustment Questionnaire, and Mobile-Based Social Networking Addiction Questionnaire. Emotion-focused therapy was implemented by a psychologist for experimental group. In order to analyze the data in this study, multivariate analysis of covariance test was used to examine hypotheses. results showed that after removing effects of pretest, there was a significant difference in the linear combination of dependent variables between the two groups studied (Wilks' Lambda = 0.780, F = 3.23, 90.432, p = 0.001, and eta squared = 0.922). Univariate analysis of covariance tests also showed that adolescents in the experimental group showed significant improvement in posttest scores of impulsivity, social adjustment, and social media addiction compared to adolescents in control group. Therefore, it can be concluded that emotion-focused therapy can be an effective treatment for adolescents who attempt suicide
Rana Aghababaie, Abbas Javaheri, Mohammad Hassan Asayesh,
Volume 19, Issue 1 (6-2025)
Abstract
The present study aims to explore the impact of mentalization on the quality of parenting in mothers who experienced childhood emotional trauma. This qualitative, phenomenological research used semi-structured interviews for data collection, which were then analyzed using Collaizi's seven-step phenomenological method. The participants, selected through purposive sampling, consisted of 9 mothers of children aged 3-6 years who had experienced emotional trauma during childhood. The analysis yielded five main themes: the mother's mentalization capacity, her inner psychological state, the mother-child relationship, trauma transmission, and her parenting practices. The findings suggest that mothers with strong mentalization abilities tend to experience more positive mental states, establish secure relationships with their children, avoid repeating traumatic behaviors from their own parents, and demonstrate effective parenting. In contrast,mothers with deficits in mentalization showed more negative mental states, struggled to create security with their children, repeated traumatic behaviors, and exhibited poorer parenting practices.
Feresheh Reza, Javanshir Asadi, Arastoo Mirani, Afsaneh Khajevand Khoshli,
Volume 19, Issue 1 (6-2025)
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of short-term psychodynamic psychotherapy in reducing anxiety and enhancing tolerance of uncertainty in women with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD). This research employed a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest design with a control group. The statistical population included all women diagnosed with OCD who referred to the Sarvahana Counseling Center in Tehran in 2025. A purposive sample of 30 participants was selected and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups (15 participants in each). The experimental group received ten sessions of short-term psychodynamic psychotherapy, while the control group received no intervention. Data were collected using the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), the Maudsley Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory (MOCI), and the Freeston Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale. The results of covariance analysis indicated that short-term psychodynamic psychotherapy significantly reduced both state and trait anxiety and increased tolerance of uncertainty in the experimental group compared to the control group (p < 0.01). These findings support the effectiveness of short-term psychodynamic psychotherapy in improving emotional and cognitive components associated with OCD in women, and highlight its clinical utility in enhancing emotion regulation, uncertainty acceptance, and reducing rumination in this population.
Fatemeh Kaviani, Zabihollah Gharlipour,
Volume 19, Issue 2 (9-2025)
Abstract
The present study aimed to predict marital conflicts based on emotion regulation strategies and basic needs satisfaction with the mediation of mental health among married women in Qom. The findings from direct path analysis showed that basic needs satisfaction has a direct and positive effect on reducing marital conflict (β = 0.310) and also shows a significant relationship with improving mental health (reducing symptom scores) (β = -0.503). Emotion regulation strategies also directly led to improving mental health (β = 0.371). Better mental health was also associatedThe aim of this study was to predict marital conflicts based on emotion regulation strategies and basic psychological needs satisfaction, with the mediating role of mental health, in married women in Qom city. The findings from the analysis of direct paths indicated that basic psychological needs satisfaction had a direct and positive effect on reducing marital conflict (β = 0.310) and also showed a significant relationship with improved mental health (reduced symptom score) (β = -0.503). Emotion regulation strategies also directly led to improved mental health (β = 0.371). Better mental health was associated with reduced marital conflict (β = -0.352). However, the direct relationship between emotion regulation strategies and marital conflict was not significant (β = 0.020, p = 0.780). Regarding indirect effects, the results indicated that mental health played a significant mediating role in the relationships between the predictor variables and marital conflict. Specifically, basic psychological needs satisfaction led to an indirect reduction in marital conflict through the improvement of mental health (β = -0.177). Additionally, emotion regulation strategies, mediated by mental health, had a significant indirect effect on reducing marital conflict (β = -0.130). Overall, the findings emphasize that both basic psychological needs satisfaction and the use of adaptive emotion regulation strategies can reduce marital conflicts through the pathway of promoting mental health. These results highlight the importance of simultaneously considering individual psychological factors and internal mechanisms such as mental health in designing educational and therapeutic interventions aimed at reducing marital conflicts. with reducing marital conflict (β = -0.352).However, the direct relationship between emotion regulation strategies and marital conflict was not significant (β = 0.020, significance 0.780). Regarding indirect effects, the results indicated that mental health plays a significant mediating role in the relationships between predictor variables and marital conflict. Thus, satisfying basic needs through improving mental health led to an indirect reduction in marital conflict (β = 0.177).
Maryam Kazemi, Tooraj Sepahvand,
Volume 19, Issue 2 (9-2025)
Abstract
The present research was conducted with the aim of predicting alexithymia in adolescents based on cognitive flexibility and difficulties in emotion regulation of their mothers. This research was a descriptive-analytical study and conducted in the form of a correlational design. The statistical population included adolescents aged 13 to 18 years from Arak schools along with their mothers, 459 of them were selected by random cluster sampling. The students responded to twenty-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20), and their mothers to Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale and Cognitive Flexibility Inventory, and the collected data were analyzed using stepwise regression. The findings showed that limited access to emotion regulation strategies (beta coefficient= 0.240) and lack of emotional clarity (beta coefficient=0.194) of mothers had a significant role in predicting the alexithymia in adolescent and explained about 14% of its variance. Other subscales of difficulties in emotion regulation and cognitive flexibility of mothers did not play a role in explaining it. As a result, difficulties in emotion regulation in mothers can play an important role in adolescent emotional alexithymia. Accordingly, strengthening mothers' emotion regulation skills is recommended to specialists as an important priority for improving the emotional health of their children.
Mr. Hesam Soleimani, Mr. Amin Rahmati, Mr. Asem Esmaeili,
Volume 19, Issue 2 (9-2025)
Abstract
The present study was conducted by the structural modelling of attention to emotions (voluntary and involuntary) with worry and stress among students of Shahid Chamran university of Ahvaz with the mediating role of negative affect. The method of the present research was structural equation modeling and the population included all students of Shahid Chamran university of Ahvaz in year 1402-03, of which 312 were selected as a sample by simple random sampling. Structural equation modeling method, bootstrap test, SPSS, and AMOS version 24 software were used for data analysis. After the analysis, it was observed that the model has a good fit and the findings showed that involuntary attention to emotions is directly related to negative affect, worry and stress. But voluntary attention to emotions only has a direct relationship with negative emotions, and its relationship with worry and stress is indirect and through negative affect. Negative affect played a mediating role for the relationship between both types of attention to emotions with worry and stress.
Hava Mahmoudzadeh Kenari, Afsaneh Khajound Khoshli, Javanshir Asadi,
Volume 19, Issue 2 (9-2025)
Abstract
The present study aimed to examine the effectiveness of emotion-focused therapy in reducing anxiety sensitivity and intolerance of uncertainty in students with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). This semi-experimental study employed a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The statistical population consisted of female high school students diagnosed with OCD during the 2024–2025 academic year in Babolsar. Thirty participants were purposefully selected and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups (15 in each). The experimental group received eight 90-minute sessions of emotion-focused therapy, while the control group received no intervention. Data were collected using the Anxiety Sensitivity Index (ASI) and the Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale (IUS) at pretest and posttest stages. Data were analyzed using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and the least significant difference test. Results indicated that emotion-focused therapy significantly reduced anxiety sensitivity and intolerance of uncertainty in the experimental group compared to the control group (p < 0.01). These findings suggest that emotion-focused therapy can be an effective approach to reduce cognitive-emotional components related to OCD in adolescents.
Adnan Vaezi, Dr Hosein Bigdeli, Dr Mohsen Ahmadi Tahor Soltani,
Volume 19, Issue 2 (9-2025)
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to explain the structural model of adolescent goal orientation based on emotional schemas and working memory processing in the context of mental health. This study was descriptive-correlational and conducted with a structural equation modeling approach. The statistical population included all second-year high school students in the academic year 1403-1404, of which 315 were selected using convenience sampling, and after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the data of 300 people were included in the analysis. The data collection tools included the Elliott and McGregor Goal Orientation Questionnaire (2001), the Leahy Emotional Schema Scale (2002), and the Nelson Cowen Working Memory Scale (2005). The data were analyzed using the structural equation modeling method and PLS software. The findings showed that emotional schemas and working memory both directly and positively affect different dimensions of achievement goal orientation, and working memory plays a significant mediating role in the relationship between emotional schemas and achievement goals. The proposed model had a good fit. The results of this study emphasize the simultaneous importance of emotional and cognitive factors in the formation of adolescents' achievement goals and can be a guide for educational and psychological interventions to improve their academic motivation.
Seyedeh Leila Naqibzadeh, Mahmooud Habibitabar, Masoud Mostafapour,
Volume 19, Issue 2 (9-2025)
Abstract
| The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of exercise interventions on reducing aggressive behaviors and to understand the associated biological, neural, and psychosocial mechanisms. Conducted as a systematic review and analysis of selected studies, primarily focusing on moderate to high-intensity aerobic exercise, the research examined hormonal markers, neurostructural changes, and psychosocial outcomes related to aggression. Findings revealed that regular exercise reduces cortisol levels and modulates testosterone ratio, while increasing endorphin secretion and enhancing serotonergic function, which collectively contribute to decreased irritability and impulsivity. Furthermore, regular exercise promotes neuroplasticity, elevates brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels, and increases hippocampal volume, leading to significant improvements in prefrontal cortex function, crucial for impulse regulation and response inhibition. Psychosocially, group exercises strengthen social support, enhance self-efficacy, and improve conflict resolution skills, fostering sustained reduction in aggressive behaviors. These results indicate that multidimensional exercise interventions have a significant role in aggression reduction and mental health promotion, providing a strong foundation for developing therapeutic and rehabilitative programs. |
Sana Heydari, Farshid Ebrahimi,
Volume 19, Issue 2 (9-2025)
Abstract
| The aim of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of positive psychotherapy on emotional regulation of couples. This study was conducted with a semi-experimental method and a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of the research included couples who referred to the counseling centers of Kermanshah city in 1404, from among them 20 couples were selected by available sampling method and randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups. The experimental group participated in 8 positive group psychotherapy sessions, while the control group did not receive any intervention. The data collection tool was Garnevsky et al.'s (2001) Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire. The data was analyzed using the statistical method of covariance analysis. The results of covariance analysis showed that positive psychotherapy has a significant effect on emotional regulation of couples (P<0.05). Specifically, this intervention increased the adaptive components of emotion regulation, including acceptance, positive refocusing, refocusing on planning, positive reappraisal, and perspective-taking, and reduced maladaptive components, including self-blame, rumination, catastrophizing, and blaming others in couples in the experimental group compared to the control group. Research findings show that positive psychotherapy with an emphasis on positive emotions, giving meaning to experiences, identifying capabilities and Positive cognitive restructuring plays an effective role in improving couples' emotion regulation strategies. By reducing negative cognitive patterns and strengthening adaptive strategies, this approach helps couples to manage conflicts and pressures of married life in a more effective way. Therefore, positive psychotherapy can be used as an efficient intervention in couple therapy and family mental health promotion programs. |
M.a Marziehsadat Hejazi, Ph.d Roya Mashak,
Volume 19, Issue 3 (12-2025)
Abstract
The aim of the study was to predict health anxiety based on experiential avoidance and self-compassion with the mediation of emotion regulation difficulty in mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder. The research method was descriptive-correlational and the statistical population was mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder in Isfahan province from 1403 to 11402, of which 250 people were selected by convenience sampling. The collection tools were Salkoskis and Warwick's health anxiety (2002), experiential avoidance Bond et al. (2011), self-compassion Reis et al. (2011), and Gratz and Roemer's emotion regulation difficulty (2004). The results were analyzed using path analysis and SPSS26 and AMOS18 software. The findings showed that health anxiety on experiential avoidance, health anxiety on self-compassion, health anxiety on emotion regulation difficulty, experiential avoidance on emotion regulation difficulty, self-compassion on emotion regulation difficulty have a significant relationship, and health anxiety based on experiential avoidance has a significant relationship with the mediation of emotion regulation difficulty, and health anxiety based on self-compassion has a significant relationship with the mediation of emotion regulation difficulty. As a result, the research can help provide more targeted and effective interventions to reduce health anxiety in mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder.
Zahra Kavousian, Faezeh Ziaei, Parisa Pakari, Parisa Hosseinzadeh Yazdi, Zeinab Hassani Asl,
Volume 19, Issue 3 (12-2025)
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the mediating role of emotional working memory in the relationship between attentional bias and depressive symptoms within the context of family interactions. Guided by contemporary cognitive–emotional models of depression, the study explored how negative attentional bias, as a core vulnerability factor, may influence depressive symptomatology through impairments in emotional working memory, and how these processes are embedded in the dynamics of family relationships. This research employed a descriptive-correlational design using structural equation modeling (SEM). The statistical population consisted of adults aged 20–40 years living in active family systems in Tehran in 2025. A total of 350 participants were selected through purposive convenient sampling following eligibility screening. Research instruments included measures of depressive symptoms, attentional bias, emotional working memory performance, and family interaction patterns. The results demonstrated that negative attentional bias significantly predicted higher levels of depressive symptoms both directly and indirectly. Emotional working memory showed a significant mediating role, indicating that deficits in maintaining, updating, and regulating emotional information constitute a key mechanism linking attentional bias to depressive experiences. Furthermore, family interactions functioned as an amplifying contextual factor: maladaptive and conflictual family environments strengthened the indirect pathway by increasing cognitive–emotional load and reducing regulatory resources. The final structural model showed acceptable fit indices and supported the hypothesized mediational relationships. Overall, the findings highlight the importance of integrating cognitive, emotional, and contextual variables in understanding depressive symptoms. They also underscore the potential value of interventions targeting attentional processing biases and emotional working memory capacities, particularly within family-based therapeutic frameworks.
Parastoo Jeab, Dr Maryam Gahremani,
Volume 19, Issue 3 (12-2025)
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of emotional self-efficacy therapy and time perspective therapy on self-concealment and post-traumatic growth in women with breast cancer. This research employed a quasi-experimental design with a pre-test-post-test framework, including two experimental groups and one control group. The statistical population consisted of all women with breast cancer referred to cancer diagnosis and treatment centers in Tehran during the first quarter of 2025. From this population, 45 individuals were selected through purposive sampling and were randomly assigned to three equal groups (n=15 each): emotional self-efficacy therapy, time perspective therapy, and a control group. The emotional self-efficacy intervention was conducted in eight 90-minute group sessions, and the time perspective therapy intervention was conducted in six 90-minute group sessions, while the control group was placed on a waiting list. Research instruments included the Self-Concealment Scale (SCS) by Larson and Chastain (1990) and the Post-Traumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI) by Tedeschi and Calhoun (1996).
Elnaz Baniani, Fatemeh Behroozfar, Arezoo Siahcheshm, Farnoosh Nikkhak,
Volume 19, Issue 4 (3-2025)
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to determine the effectiveness of media literacy and emotion regulation training on reducing anxiety and improving mental health of adolescents with cyberspace addiction. The research method was applied in terms of purpose and quasi-experimental in terms of data collection method. This study is an applied research in terms of nature and a quasi-experimental research in terms of implementation and a pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The statistical population in this study included all adolescents with cyberspace addiction in Tehran between Farvardin 1404 and Shahrivar 1404 who referred to the Mind Ara Counseling Center. 45 people were selected purposefully from the statistical population and Beck Anxiety and GHQ Mental Health Questionnaires were distributed to them for response. Also, Gross's (2002) emotion regulation training intervention and Saleh Rad et al.'s (2019) media literacy training intervention were used to train students. Finally, it has been concluded that emotion regulation training has an effect on reducing anxiety and mental health of adolescents with cyberspace addiction, media literacy training has an effect on reducing anxiety and mental health of adolescents with cyberspace
