Journal of

Studying major depressive disorders and related factors is necessary to understand the nature of this disorder and to formulate more effective therapeutic strategies. Approximate duration of one episode of major depressive disorder is averagely between 3 to 12 months; however, in chronic types, the ratio would be prolonged to 24 months. The aime of this research which performed through second-order dynamic model was to investigate the effectiveness of antidepressants and third wave cognitive-behavioral therapies on the duration of any episode of major depressive disorder. Through MATLAB programming and changing the model parameters, we investigate the effectiveness of treatments on duration of episode in major depressive disorder. The average age of any participants were considered  64 years old. Outcomes before and after 14 weeks treatment with antidepressants drugs (as imipramine or its equivalent of therapeutic services) and psychotherapies (included mindfulness-based acceptance and commitment therapty [ACT] and  dialectical behavior therapy [DBT]) were obtained. According to the findings, for most of people suffering from major depressive disorder, relapses are prevalent phenomena. Depression relapse time durations have been 144, 71, 68, and 59 months respectively under following conditions: receiving no treatment; receiving untidepressants; receiving dialectical behavior therapy; and, receiving a combination of antidepressants and dialectical behavior therapy. The results from dynamic modeling showed that combined method of ACT, DBT, and using antidepressant (or its equivalant) drugs provides better outcomes in treatment for depression and relapse prevention. This combined method reduced the duration of recovery from depression by 10 months.

The purpose of this study was  to evaluate the structural model of the relationship between marital adjustment, sexual self-disclosure and sexual anxiety in vaginismus disorder by mediating social exchange styles. Population was composed of all women who referred to sexual disorder treatmernt centers in Tehran. Sample consisted of 220 women with vaginismus disorder. The research tool included marital adjustment scale, sexual anxiety questionnaires, sexual self-disclosure scale, multidimensional vaginal penetration disorder questionnaire and social exchange questionnaire.The results of structural equation modeling showed a rather good fit for the model. In addition, the results showed that all paths between the variables were statistically significant. According to the results, the indirect relationship of sexual self- disclosure, marital adjustment and sexual anxiety through mediation of social exchange styles was not statistically significant. However, marital adjustment and sexual anxiety directly predict the severity of  vaginismus disorder, but thire indirect effects through social exchange styles on vaginismus was not significiant. Therefore, sexual anxiety and marital adjustment are important components in predicting vaginismus disorder and should be considered as one of the main goals of treatment in women with vaginismus disorder.

Terminal patients with advanced cancer have important and undeniable concerns as well as worries which may provide valuable information to care providers so that they can act for planning and care improvement based on their needs. The aim of the present study was to investigate the psychological experiences, especially concerns, needs and worries of these patients throughout the disease. In this research, a qualitative method with a descriptive phenomenological approach was employed. From amongst all cancer patients receiving palliative care for advanced cancer in Firoozgar hospital and Ala cancer control and prevention centre, eleven patients were chosen according to the targeted sampling method. Data collection was used with a semi-structured interview and data interpretation was done in Collizi method. The results of this study were categorised in five main clusters: “concerns about family and friends”, “socio-economic concerns”, “concerns about oneself”, “concerns regarding hospital staff, environment and medical treatment” and “spiritual and religious concerns” in addition to 34 sub-clusters. Being on the verge of death and diagnosed with cancer causes concerns, worries and needs in different dimensions of a person and their family’s life. If such aspects are neglected, a person’s well-being and quality of life will be disrupted. Recognition and emphasis on patients’ feelings, anxieties and concerns along with taking care of their needs may help them feel at peace and more confident in accepting this difficult situation.

Suicide models suggest that attempts occur when individuals have both a desire to die and the acquired capability for suicide, such as fearlessness about death (FAD), which is crucial for transitioning from suicidal desire to action (Ferm et al., 2022). This study aimed to examine the psychometric properties of the Acquired Capability for Suicide-Fearless About Death (ACSS-FAD) scale based on the Interpersonal Theory of Suicide (IPTS), assessing its factor structure, reliability, and validity among Iranian students. The ACSS-FAD was translated into Persian using back-translation and administered to 380 students from counseling clinics at Ferdowsi University, Imam Reza University, and Hakim Razavi University in Mashhad during the 2022-2023 academic year. Construct and convergent validity were evaluated through data analysis. Cronbach's alpha for all subscales and the overall scale indicated satisfactory psychometric properties across genders and the total sample. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the factor structure with good fit indices. Correlation patterns between subscales and the convergent validity with the Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation demonstrated good validity. The Persian version of the ACSS-FAD shows good reliability and validity in the Iranian population, serving as a useful tool for screening and assessing imminent suicide risk in clinical and research settings.