The present study aimed to determine the role of resilience and sleep quality in predicting job performance anxiety among firefighters. The research design was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population consisted of all married firefighters aged 30 to 55 years working in Tehran Fire Stations between May and July 2025. A sample of 250 individuals was selected using convenience sampling. Data collection tools included the Job Performance Anxiety Questionnaire (McCarthy & Goffin, 2004), the Resilience Scale (Connor & Davidson, 2003), and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (Buysse et al., 1989). Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression (Enter method) via SPSS version 22. The findings showed that although both resilience and sleep quality had a significant correlation with performance anxiety (p < 0.01), in the regression analysis, only resilience was a significant predictor of performance anxiety, and sleep quality did not play an independent or significant role in the model. The research findings emphasize the importance of individual resources (resilience) in managing occupational stressors. Therefore, to promote occupational health and enhance efficiency in emergency operations, developing intervention programs focused on strengthening the psychological resilience of firefighters is an undeniable necessity.
