en اثر حفاظتی اسپیرولینا پلاتنسیس، بر تخمدان موش­های تیمار شده با نانوذرات نقره علوم جانوری Animal Biology مقاله پژوهشی Original Article <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:16.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#4472c4">ا</span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">&nbsp;<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">نانوذرات نقره</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">بواسطه توانایی ایجاد سمیت در تخمدان‌ها، قادرند باروری زنان را تحت تأثیر قرار دهند. هدف از این مطالعه، بررسی نقش حفاظتی جلبک</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">اسپیرولینا پلاتنسیس، در برابر سمیت ایجاد شده با نانوذرات نقره، در تخمدان موش&shy;های نژاد </span></span><span dir="LTR" lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">NMRI</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">است. </span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">در این مطالعه، 24</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">رأس موش نژاد</span></span><span dir="LTR" lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> NMRI </span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">به چهار گروه </span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">شش&shy;تایی</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> تقسیم شدند: کنترل، نانوذرات نقره (</span></span><span dir="LTR" lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">mg/kg/day</span></span><span class="fontstyle01" style="font-family:TimesNewRomanPSMT,serif"><span style="color:black"><span style="font-weight:normal"><span style="font-style:normal"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">500</span></span></span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">)، اسپیرولینا (</span></span><span class="fontstyle01" style="font-family:TimesNewRomanPSMT,serif"><span style="color:black"><span style="font-weight:normal"><span style="font-style:normal"><span dir="LTR" lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">mg/kg/day</span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="fontstyle01" style="font-family:TimesNewRomanPSMT,serif"><span style="color:black"><span style="font-weight:normal"><span style="font-style:normal"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">300</span></span></span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">) و</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">نانوذرات نقره + اسپیرولینا (با همان دوزهای تعریف شده). 30 روز پس از تیمار دهانی از طریق گاواژ، پارامترهای بیوشیمیایی اندازه‌گیری شد و تخمدان&shy;های چپ از نظر استریولوژیکی بررسی شدند</span></span><span dir="LTR" lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">.</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">در گروه نانوذرات نقره، مقدار ظرفیت آنتی&shy;اکسیدانی تام سرم، غلظت هورمونی، حجم جسم زرد و تعداد فولیکول&shy;های سالم در مقایسه با گروه کنترل، به&shy;طور معنی‌داری کاهش یافت (</span></span><span dir="LTR" lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">P<0/05</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">).</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">در گروه</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">&nbsp;اسپیرولینا، غلظت مالون&shy;دی‌آلدئید و فولیکول‌های آترزی&shy;شده به&shy; طور معنی‌داری کمتر از گروه کنترل بود (</span></span><span dir="LTR" lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">P<0/05</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">). میانگین حجم کل تخمدان، کورتکس، مدولا، انواع فولیکول&shy;ها و هسته آن&shy;ها، همچنین ضخامت منطقۀ شفاف در هیچ&shy;کدام از گروه‌ها اختلاف معنی&shy;داری نسبت به گروه کنترل نداشت (</span></span><span dir="LTR" lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">P>0/05</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">). اگرچه</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">اسپیرولینا در گروه نانوذرات نقره</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">+ اسپیرولینا، نتوانست پارامترهای فوق را تا سطح گروه کنترل جبران کند، اما با کاهش استرس اکسیداتیو، توانست آسیب تخمدانی ناشی از نانوذرات نقره را به میزان قابل توجهی بهبود ‌بخشد</span></span><span dir="LTR" lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">.</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br /> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span dir="LTR" lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span><br /> <br /> &nbsp; <br /> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></b></span></span></span><br /> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Seyed Mohammad Ali Shariatzadeh & Zahra Alizadeh</span></span></span></b><b><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black"></span></span></span></b></span></span></span><br /> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:" timesnewromanpsmt=""><span style="color:black">Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Arak University, Arak,</span></span></span><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:" timesnewromanpsmt=""><span style="color:black"> Iran</span></span></span></span></span></span><br /> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Correspondent author: </span></span><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Seyed Mohammad Ali Shariatzadeh, </span></span></span><span class="MsoHyperlink" style="color:blue"><span style="text-decoration:underline"><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">s</span></span></span></span><b><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">-</span></span></b><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><a href="mailto:shariatzadeh@araku.ac.ir" style="color:blue; text-decoration:underline">shariatzadeh@araku.ac.ir</a><span class="MsoHyperlink" style="color:blue"><span style="text-decoration:underline"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br /> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"></span></span></b></span></span></span><br /> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt">Abstract.</span></span></span></b><b> </b><span class="fontstyle01" style="font-family:TimesNewRomanPSMT,serif"><span style="color:black"><span style="font-weight:normal"><span style="font-style:normal"><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) can affect female fertility because they can cause toxicity in the ovaries. The aim of this study is to see if </span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="fontstyle01" style="font-family:TimesNewRomanPSMT,serif"><span style="color:black"><span style="font-weight:normal"><span style="font-style:normal"><i><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Spirulina platensis</span></span></i></span></span></span></span><span class="fontstyle01" style="font-family:TimesNewRomanPSMT,serif"><span style="color:black"><span style="font-weight:normal"><span style="font-style:normal"><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> (SP) can protect mouse from Ag NPs-exposed toxicity in its ovary.</span></span></span></span></span></span> <span class="fontstyle01" style="font-family:TimesNewRomanPSMT,serif"><span style="color:black"><span style="font-weight:normal"><span style="font-style:normal"><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Twenty-four female Naval Medical Research Institute (NMRI) mice were divided into four groups (n = 6 per group): control; Ag NPs (500 mg/kg daily); SP (300 mg/kg daily) and Ag NPs + SP (With the same defined doses). 30 days after oral gavage treatment, biochemical parameters were measured and ovary compartments were estimated stereologically.</span></span></span></span></span></span> <span class="fontstyle01" style="font-family:TimesNewRomanPSMT,serif"><span style="color:black"><span style="font-weight:normal"><span style="font-style:normal"><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">The Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) values, hormonal concentrations, corpus luteum volume, and the number of healthy follicles were all significantly lower (p<0.05) in the Ag NPs group compared with the control group. in the SP group, malondialdehyde concentration and atretic follicles were significantly lower (p<0.05) compared with the control group. There was no significant difference in the mean total volume of ovary, cortex, medulla, oocyte and its nucleus, and the thickness of the zona pellucida in any group.</span></span></span></span></span></span> <span class="fontstyle01" style="font-family:TimesNewRomanPSMT,serif"><span style="color:black"><span style="font-weight:normal"><span style="font-style:normal"><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Although, SP in the Ag NPs + SP group cannot compensate the above parameters to the control level, </span></span></span></span></span></span><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">it considerably improves ovarian damage caused by Ag NPs through reducing oxidative stress.</span></span></span></span></span></span><br /> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:" timesnewromanpsmt=""><span style="color:black"></span></span></span></span></span></span><br /> <b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Key words.</span></span></span></b> <span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:" timesnewromanpsmt=""><span style="color:black">follicles, hormones, oxidative stress, stereology, zona pellucida</span></span></span></span> استرس­اکسیداتیو, استریولوژی, فولیکول, منطقه شفاف, هورمون­های جنسی stereology, follicles, hormones, oxidative stress, zona pellucida 81 94 http://nbr.khu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1435-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Seyed Mohammad Ali Shariatzadeh سیدمحمدعلی شریعت زاده s-shariatzadeh@araku.ac.ir 10031947532846009692 10031947532846009692 Yes Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Arak University, Arak, Iran گروه زیست­ شناسی، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه اراک، اراک، ایران Zahra Alizadeh زهرا علیزاده z.alizadeh.bio@gmail.com 10031947532846009693 10031947532846009693 No Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Arak University, Arak, Iran گروه زیست ­شناسی، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه اراک، اراک، ایران