Biomechanics is the knowledge that shows what forces enter the motion system of the human body and how it causes human movement. Therefore, the aim of this Meta-Analysis study was to review the studies conducted in the field of the effects of training on sand surface on biomechanics and physical fitness factors of human body during translational motions. The current study was a library and systematic review, the search for articles in Persian and Latin was from the beginning of the year 2000 to the end of 2023, which was done in the specialized databases of PubMed, WOS, Scopus, ISC and Google Scholar search engine. 568 related articles were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Standardized mean differences (SMDs) were calculated using random-effects models. The findings of eight articles indicated the improvement of mucle activity during training on sand. Examining the findings of one article indicated positive effects of kinematic variabls during training on sand. A number of two articles also reported that the reduction of the ground reaction forces and impact shock. In addition, five articles reported the improvement of sports performance in athletes, the increase of physical fitness factors. In general, training on sand surface can have significant positive effects on people's daily and sport life. Further study is warranted.
