Journal of Spatial Analysis Environmental Hazards

fa تاثیر پارامترهای اقلیمی بر توزیع پوشش گیاهی در ایران مرکزی The effect of climatic parameters on plant distribution in central Iran تخصصي Special پژوهشي Research  هدف از انجام این پژوهش بررسی تاثیر پارامترهای اقلیمی بر توزیع پوشش گیاهی در ایران مرکزی با استفاده از شاخص NDVI میباشد. برای شناخت پراکنش و توزیع پوشش گیاهی از روشهای نوین ناحیهبندی PCA، خوشهبندی و روابط مکانی استفاده شد. بدین منظور دو متغیر اقلیمی (میانگین دما و رطوبت نسبی) از داده های هشت ایستگاه سینوپتیک در بازه زمانی آماری (1986-2018) انتخاب گردید. متناسب با فاصلههای ایستگاهها و تغییرات مکانی شاخص NDVI، شبکهای به ابعاد 15*15 کیلومتر بر روی ایران مرکزی گسترانده شد. در این بررسی برای اطلاع از روند تغییرات شاخص NDVI از آزمون من-کندال به وسیله نرم افزار (MINITAB) استفاده شد. نتایج این بررسی نشان داد که میزان پراکنش پوشش گیاهی در ایران مرکزی با استفاده از شاخص NDVI بین 2/0- تا 64/0+ است. همچنین توزیع و تراکم پوشش گیاهی دارای رشد کمتر از یک‌ درصد میباشد. نتایج این بررسی نشان می دهد متغیر اقلیمی دما بیشترین تأثیر را بر توزیع و تراکم پوشش گیاهی در ایران مرکزی دارد. بررسی توزیع و تراکم پوشش گیاهی ایران مرکزی با استفاده از روش PCA نشان داد که توزیع و تراکم پوشش گیاهی ایران مرکزی متاثر از هشت عامل است که عامل اول و دوم به تنهایی 56/81 درصد رفتار پوشش گیاهی را در ایران مرکزی تبیین مینمایند. درنهایت با انجام تحلیل خوشهای سلسله مراتبی و با روش ادغام وارد بر روی ماتریس نمرات عاملها، سه ناحیه توزیع و پراکنش پوشش گیاهی نامنظم، متوسط و یکنواخت در ایران مرکزی شناسایی و نمایش داده شدند. <ul> <li></li> </ul> The effect of climatic parameters on vegetation distribution in central Iran <a href="https://dictionary.abadis.ir/entofa/i/introduction/">Introduction</a> Climate or climate reflects the daily weather conditions in a particular place for a long time. Most climatic elements are closely related to ecological factors, which is why the analysis of the relationship between climate and plant distribution patterns has been discussed in scientific and research circles for many years. And in recent years, scientists have been using a combination of climatic characteristics with other environmental factors to describe vegetation around the world. Climate change and atmosphere condition will change the content and composition of many plant communities. The Study Area The geographic coordinates of the studied area are between latitudes 29°32’ to 33°59’ and 51°27’ to 55°5’. The position of the selected provinces of central Iran compared to the neighboring provinces are shown in Figure 1 The annual data of 8 stations have been analyzed during the stations period determined by the National Meteorological Organization. The stations characteristics including latitude, longitude, elevation and specific statistical period are shown in Table 3. Data and research methods In this study, the role of temperature changes and relative humidity on vegetation in Central Iran has been investigated using statistical models of analysis of the main components and hierarchical clustering. This research is applied and its method is slightly analytical. In order to investigate the climatic fluctuations of the center of Iran with respect to urban green space, statistical data related to average temperature and relative humidity during the 32-year period (1986 to 2018) selected central stations of Iran to come and statistical deficiencies such as Data loss was performed by reconstructing differential equations using SPSS software. The criterion for selecting stations is the availability of long-term statistics. Using statistical methods and Geographic Information System (GIS), vegetation classification was performed for Central Iran. ArcGIS, Minitab, SPSS and EXCEL software are used in this research. After identifying the stations, climatic variables including temperature and relative humidity were selected from the data of 8 meteorological stations and were analyzed using the techniques mentioned above. Then, using statistical regression analysis, the impact (topography, average temperature and average relative humidity) on how to distribute and distribute vegetation was investigated. Kendall-man non parametric test was used to investigate changes in the vegetation index trend. Results and discussion Analysis of temporal changes in climatic parameters and NDVI index The results show that the distribution of relative humidity in Abadeh and Kerman stations has decreased by 3% and the temperature distribution in these stations has increased by more than one percent. Relative humidity changes in Kashan and Sirjan stations have a weak decreasing trend, while the relative humidity distribution in Isfahan station has decreased by about 2%.The temperature distribution of Shiraz and Yazd stations increased by 3%, Abadeh station increased by 2% and also Isfahan and Kerman stations increased by 1%. The distribution of vegetation in Yazd and Khor Biyabank stations has decreased by one percent, while the growth of vegetation in Isfahan, Abadeh and Sirjan stations is increasing by less than one percent. Distribution of NDVI vegetation index in Central Iran using cluster analysis The stations are located in three distinct areas in terms of distribution of vegetation, each group having the same climatic characteristics in the distribution of similar vegetation. Based on this, three climatic zones in the study area can be identified. Conclusion The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of climatic parameters (average temperature and relative humidity) on the distribution of vegetation in Central Iran using comparison of statistical models; by examining the distribution and density of vegetation, eight factors were identified. Among the factors, the first and second factors, with 81.57% of the total vegetation variance, have played the most important role in determining the climatic diversity of Central Iran. In total, these eight factors have justified about 100% of the vegetation behavior in the area Also, according to the analysis of images of Modis satellite measuring satellites from the vegetation situation in the last 5 years, Central Iran, the value of NDVI index in Central Iran varies between 0.2 to 0.64, the northwestern parts of Fars province have the highest vegetation density and The central parts of Isfahan, especially Yazd, lack vegetation. Based on the results, altitude has a direct and significant relationship with temperature distribution in plants, especially in the study area. However, the height of Iran's central regions has affected the distribution of vegetation. Keywords:  climatic parameters, vegetation distribution, central Iran   ایران مرکزی, شاخص پوشش گیاهی NDVI, دما, تغییر اقلیم Central Iran, Climate Change, Temperature, NDVI Vegetation Index 73 86 http://jsaeh.khu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-973-2&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Ali Mohammad Khorshid Doust علی محمد خورشید دوست khorshid@tabrizu.ac.ir 100319475328460010718 100319475328460010718 No University of Tabriz دانشگاه تبریز Ali Panahi علی پناهی panahi@iaut.ac.ir 100319475328460010719 100319475328460010719 No Islamic Azad University, دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی Farahnaz Khorramabadi فرحناز خرم ابادی farahnaz.khoramabadi@yahoo.com 100319475328460010720 100319475328460010720 Yes University of Tabriz دانشگاه تبریز Hossein Imanipour حسین ایمانی پور birjand.climate@yahoo.com 100319475328460010721 100319475328460010721 No Sabzevar Hakim University دانشگاه سبزوار حکیم