دوره 9، شماره 32 - ( 4-1397 )
سال9 شماره 32 صفحات 243-217 |
برگشت به فهرست نسخه ها
Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
Goli Y. Evaluation of the Factor Affecting on Education Expenditure (Tobit Model Approach). jemr 2018; 9 (32) :217-243
URL: http://jemr.khu.ac.ir/article-1-1665-fa.html
URL: http://jemr.khu.ac.ir/article-1-1665-fa.html
گلی یونس. بررسی عوامل موثر بر مخارج تحصیلات (رهیافت مدل توبیت). تحقیقات مدلسازی اقتصادی. 1397; 9 (32) :217-243
دانشگاه رازی ، younes.goli67@gmail.com
چکیده: (5167 مشاهده)
یکی از اهداف اصلی بسیاری از خانوارها بهبود کیفیت فرزندان به واسطه افزایش مخارج تحصیلات بر روی آنها است. مطالعه حاضر، با استفاده از داده‌های هزینه-درآمد خانوار برای دوره 1389 تا 1393 و مدل اقتصاد سنجی توبیت، به بررسی عوامل موثر بر مخارج تحصیلات به عنوان معیاری از کیفیت فرزندان می‌پردازد. نتایج حاصل از برآورد مدل توبیت نشان می‌دهد که با اضافه شدن یک نفر در تعداد فرزندان، میزان مخارج تحصیلی بر روی هر فرزند به اندازه 0064/0 میلیون ریال کاهش می‌یابد. اما این اثر برای افزایش یک واحد در سال‌های تحصیل سرپرست و مادر خانوار به ترتیب باعث افزایش مخارج تحصیلی به اندازه 038/0 و 0548/0 میلیون ریال می‌شود. بنابراین نظریه بکر در مورد جایگزینی کیفیت با کمیت فرزند تایید شده است، طوری که خانوارها تمایل دارند با کاهش تعداد فرزندان، میزان مخارج تحصیلی را بر روی هر فرزند افزایش دهند و از این طریق کیفیت آنها را افزایش دهند. بنابراین با توجه به افزایش کیفیت فرزندان، توسعه زیربناهای تولید برای بکارگیری نیروی کار باکیفیت گامی مهم برای افزایش کارایی نیروی کار و توسعه اقتصادی در سطح کلان است.
فهرست منابع
1. Abraham, V., & Sasikumar, S. K. (2011). Labor cost and export behavior of firms in Indian textile and clothing industry. Economics, Management and Financial Markets, 6(1), 258.
2. Becker, G. S. (1960). An Economic Analysis of Fertility. In Demographic and Economic Change in Developed Countries. Universities National Bureau Conferences Series, No.11. Priceton, N.J.: Princeton University Press.
3. Binder, M. (1998). Family Background, Gender and Schooling in Mexico, Journal of Development Economics, 35(2): 54-71. [DOI:10.1080/00220389808422564]
4. Blanden, J. & P. Gregg. (2004). Family Income and Educational Attainment: A Review of Approaches and Evidence for Britain, Oxford Review of Economic Policy, 20: 245 -63. [DOI:10.1093/oxrep/20.2.245]
5. Bray, T. M. (1999). The shadow education system: Private tutoring and its implications for planners. UNESCO International Institute for Educational Planning.
6. Cameron, A.C. Trivedi, P.K. (2009). Microeconometrics using Stata. A Stata Press Publication, Texas.
7. Chandrasekhar, S., Rani, P. G., & Sahoo, S. (2016). Household Expenditure on Higher Education in India: What do we know & What do recent data have to say? (No. 2016-030). Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research, Mumbai, India.
8. Dang, H. A. H., & Rogers, F. H. (2015). The decision to invest in child quality over quantity: Household size and household investment in education in Vietnam. The World Bank Economic Review, 30(1), 104-142. [DOI:10.2139/ssrn.2628927]
9. Deng, Q, & Xue, J. (2014). Multivariate Tobit System Estimation of Education Expenditure in Urban China. The Singapore Economic Review, 59(1): 1-14. [DOI:10.1142/S0217590814500052]
10. Donkoh, S.A. & Amikuzuno, J. A.(2011). The Determinants of Household Education Expenditure in Ghana. Educational Research and Reviews, 6(8): 570-579.
11. Eisazadeh S, Naziri M K, Naeini H.(2018).The Effect of Skill Mismatch on Unemployment Rate in Iran. Journal of Economic Modeling Research. 8 (30) :79-107.
12. Farajadi, G A., & Vahidi, P. (2000). Human Resources, Training and Labor Market, Management and Planning Organization.
13. Gharun , M. (2004). Effects of Family Socio - economic Status on Demands for Higher Education. Quarterly Journal of Research and Planning in Higher Education. 9 (4) :43-74.
14. Hajebi E, Razmi M J.(2016). Effect of Women's Higher Education on Economic Growth in Some OPEC and North Africa Countries. Journal of Economic Modeling Research. 6 (24) :175-200. [DOI:10.18869/acadpub.jemr.6.24.175]
15. Kenayathulla, H. B. (2013). Household Expenditures on Private Tutoring: Emerging Evidence from Malaysia. Asia Pacific Education. Review, 14(4): 629-644. [DOI:10.1007/s12564-013-9289-2]
16. Keshavarz Haddad, G; Habibi, N (2016), Why the Youth are So Eager for Academic Education? Evidence from Iran's Labor Market, Working Paper Series.
17. Keshavarz Haddad, G; Habibi, N. (2015). Vertical Skill Mismatch Incidence and Wage Consequences in Low-Skill Jobs: Evidence from Iran's Labor Market, International Labor Review, Accepted Article.
18. Kim, S, & Lee j.H. (2010). Private Tutoring and Demand for Education in South Korea. Economic Development and Cultural Change, 58(2): 259-296. [DOI:10.1086/648186]
19. McDonald, J.F, Moffitt, R.A. (1980). The Uses of Tobit Analysis. The Review of Economics Publication, New Delhi, India. [DOI:10.2307/1924766]
20. Mehrbani V. (2017). Economic Analysis of the Effect of Family Size on Educational Achievement of Children. The Economic Research (Sustainable Growth and Development).17 (1) :163-187
21. Mehrbani, V. (2016). The Effect of Higher Education on the Productivity of Iranian Industries: Comparing Human Capital and Filter Theories. Economics Research, 16(62): 137-158.
22. Mosazadeh, I. (2014).The relationship between higher education and economic growth in other countries. Tejarat-e-Farda Weekly, vol 97.
23. Nishimura, M., & Yamano, T. (2013). Emerging private education in Africa: Determinants of school choice in rural Kenya. World Development, 43, 266-275. [DOI:10.1016/j.worlddev.2012.10.001]
24. Nkurunziza, J., Broekhuis, A., & Hooimeijer, P. (2017). Do poverty reduction programmes foster education expenditure? New evidence from Rwanda. Journal of Asian and African Studies, 52(4), 425-443. [DOI:10.1177/0021909615595988]
25. Pallegedara, A., & Mottaleb, K. A. (2018). Patterns and determinants of private tutoring: The case of Bangladesh households. International Journal of Educational Development, 59, 43-50. [DOI:10.1016/j.ijedudev.2017.10.004]
26. Qian, J. & R. Smyth. (2010). Educational Expenditure in Urban China: Income Effects, Family Characteristics and the Demand for Domestic and Overseas Education, Applied Economics, 43(24):1-16. [DOI:10.1080/00036841003636292]
27. Quang, H.V. (2012). Determinants of Educational Expenditure in Vietnam. International Journal of Applied Economics,9(1): 59-72.
28. Rizk, R., & Owusu-Afriyie, J. (2014). Determinants of household expenditure on children's education in Egypt. International Journal of Education Economics and Development, 5(4), 332-360. [DOI:10.1504/IJEED.2014.067194]
29. Tansel, A, & Bircan, F. (2006). Demand for Education in Turkey: A Tobit Analysis of Private Tutoring Expenditures. Economics of Education Review, 25(3): 303-313. [DOI:10.1016/j.econedurev.2005.02.003]
30. Zhang, Y., & Zhou, X. (2017). Can Higher Household Education Expenditure Improve the National College Entrance Exam Performance? Empirical Evidence from Jinan, China. Current Issues in Comparative Education, 19(2), 8-32.
ارسال پیام به نویسنده مسئول
| بازنشر اطلاعات | |
 | این مقاله تحت شرایط Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License قابل بازنشر است. |
