Cognitive Psychology Journal
فصلنامه روانشناسی شناختی
CPJ
Literature & Humanities
http://jcp.khu.ac.ir
1
admin
2345-5780
2345-5780
doi
fa
jalali
1404
9
1
gregorian
2025
12
1
13
3
online
1
fulltext
fa
مهارتهای شناختیِ اساسی برای خلبانان؛ ارائه یک الگوی نظری بر اساس فراترکیب مطالعات گذشته
Core Cognitive Skills for Pilots: Proposing a Theoretical Model Based on Meta-Synthesis of Previous Studies
روانشناسی شناختی
psychology of human behavior
پژوهشي
Research
<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">تواناییهای شناختی از مهمترین پیشبینیکنندههای عملکرد دقیق خلبانان است. با چنین نگاهی، هدف از پژوهش حاضر شناسایی مضامین و مهارتهای شناختی اساسی برای خلبانان و پیشنهاد یک الگوی نظری بر اساس آن بوده است. این مطالعه با رویکرد</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">کیفی</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">و</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">روش</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">فراترکیب</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">انجام</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">گرفته</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">است و برای اجرای آن از روش</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">هفت</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">مرحلهای</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">سندولوسکی</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">و</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">باروسو (2007) استفاده شده است. جامعه این مطالعه شامل کلیه</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">اسناد</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">علمی</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">یافت شده</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">در 26</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">سال</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">اخیر</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""> در 7 پایگاه خارجی و 3 پایگاه داخلی به</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">تعداد</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">307</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">سند</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">علمی بوده است که از میان آنها </span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">23</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">سند</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">پس</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">از</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">واکاوی، برای بررسی نهایی انتخاب شدند. تحلیل</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">یافتهها</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">با</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">روش</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">تحلیل</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">تم</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">انجام</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">گرفته</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">و</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">بهمنظور </span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">کنترل</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">کیفیت</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">پژوهش،</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">تحلیل</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">و واکاوی</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">اسناد</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">با</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">دقت</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">بالا</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">به</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">همراه</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">مستندسازی</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">مراحل،</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">صورت گرفت</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">و</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">در طی فرایند</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">از</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">بازخوردهای</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">خبرگان</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">در</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">گامهای</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">پژوهش استفاده</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">شد</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt">.</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""> همچنین،</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">از</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">ابزار</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">برنامه</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">مهارتهای</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">سنجش و ارزیابی</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt"> (CASP) </span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">،</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">به</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">منظور</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">کنترل</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">کیفیت</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">اسناد</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">علمی</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">برگزیده</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">جهت</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">تجزیه</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">و تحلیل</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">و</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">برخورداری</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">کیفیت</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">یافتههای</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">پژوهش پیشرو</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">استفاده</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">شد</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt">.</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""> یافتهها،</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">یک الگوی مفهومی </span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">مشتمل</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">بر 11</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">مضمون</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">اصلی</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">و 59</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">مضمون</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">فرعی</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">را پیشنهاد میدهد.</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">مضامین اصلی عبارتند از تواناییهای ادراکی- حرکتی، حافظهکاری، عملکرد توجه و تمرکز، انعطاف پذیری در پردازش اطلاعات، تواناییهای توالییابی/ برنامهریزی، سرعت ادراک، تصمیمگیری / استدلال، مهارتهای ادراکی- حسی، هماهنگی و توانایی روانی-حرکتی. از یافتههای این مطالعه میتوان در توسعه یک ابزار جامع ارزیابی همچنین </span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">طراحی</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">برنامه</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">تمرینی</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">مستمر</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">و</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">هدفمند</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">برای</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">حفظ</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">و</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">ارتقای</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">مهارت</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">های</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">شناختی خلبانان بهره گرفت. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<td style="padding: 0in 12px; text-align: justify;" valign="top"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span lang="EN" style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">Cognitive abilities are among the most important predictors of pilots’ precise performance. With this perspective, the present study aimed to identify the essential cognitive themes and skills for pilots and to propose a theoretical model accordingly. The study was conducted using a qualitative approach and a meta-synthesis method, following the seven-step model of Sandelowski and Barroso (2007).</span> <span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">The research population included all scientific documents published over the past 26 years, retrieved from 7 international and 3 national databases, totaling 307 scientific documents. After an in-depth review, 23 documents were selected for final analysis. Data analysis was performed through thematic analysis, and to ensure research quality, the documents were carefully analyzed and the process thoroughly documented. Expert feedback was incorporated throughout the research steps. Additionally, the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) checklist was employed to assess the quality of the selected documents and ensure the reliability of the study’s findings. The results proposed a conceptual model consisting of 11 main themes and 59 sub-themes. The main themes included: perceptual-motor abilities, working memory, attention and concentration performance, flexibility in information processing, sequencing/planning abilities, perceptual speed, decision-making/reasoning, perceptual-sensory skills, coordination, and psychomotor abilities.</span><span lang="EN" style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">The findings of this study can be utilized to develop a comprehensive assessment tool as well as to design continuous and targeted training programs aimed at maintaining and enhancing pilots’ cognitive skills.</span></span></span></span></td>
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مهارتهای شناختی, خلبانان, الگوی ارزیابی شناختی, شایستگی شغلی خلبانان
Cognitive Skills, Pilots, Cognitive Assessment Model, Pilot Occupational Competency
0
0
http://jcp.khu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-2215-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1
Hassan
Mahjub
حسن
محجوب
hassanmahjub@ut.ac.ir
10031947532846009882
10031947532846009882
Yes
Sattari Aeronautical University
دانشگاه علوم و فنون هوایی شهید ستاری
Rouhollah
Shahabi
روح الله
شهابی
shahabibe@ut.ac.ir
10031947532846009883
10031947532846009883
No
Institute for Humanities and Cultural Studies
پژوهشگاه علوم انسانی و مطالعات فرهنگی
Seyyed Ghader
Razavi
سید قادر
رضوی
h.rezaeel1978@gmail.com
10031947532846009884
10031947532846009884
No
Army Command and Staff University
دانشگاه فرماندهی و ستاد ارتش
Hassan
Rezaei Lichaei
حسن
رضایی لیچایی
hsn.reza@yahoo.com
10031947532846009885
10031947532846009885
No
Sattari Aeronautical University
دانشگاه علوم و فنون هوایی شهید ستاری