Human Information Interaction

fa نقش تعدیل‌گری جنسیت در رابطه بین دو متغیر تصویر بدن و عزت‌نفس با استفاده از اینستاگرام The moderating role of gender in the relationship between the two variables of body image and self-esteem using Instagram عمومى General پژوهشي Research <div style="text-align: justify;">زمینه و هدف: باتوجه‌به اهمیت رسانه‌های اجتماعی و محبوبیت اینستاگرام به‌عنوان یک پلتفرم محبوب در بین جوانان و به‌ویژه بانوان، این پژوهش به مطالعه نقش تعدیل‌گری جنسیت در رابطه بین تصویر بدن با استفاده از اینستاگرام و عزت‌نفس با استفاده از اینستاگرام پرداخت. هدف فرعی از پژوهش بررسی رابطه بین تصویر بدن و عزت‌نفس در کاربران اینستاگرام به‌صورت کلی، مقایسه میزان تصویر بدن و عزت‌نفس بین بانوان و آقایان کاربران اینستاگرام، بررسی تأثیر میزان و نوع استفاده از اینستاگرام بر تصویر بدن در بانوان و آقایان، تحلیل تفاوت درشدت اثر تصویر بدن بر عزت‌نفس در زنان و مردان به‌عنوان نقش تعدیل‌گراست. روش: این پژوهش همبستگی با استفاده از پرسش‌نامه‌های «تصویر بدن»، «عزت‌نفس» و «استفاده از اینستاگرام» در نمونه‌ای به حجم 375 نفر از جامعه دانشجویان دانشگاه بیرجند که به روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی طبقاتی نسبتی انتخاب‌شده بودند، انجام شد. یافته‌ها: جنسیت به‌عنوان متغیر تعدیلگر در رابطه بین تصویر بدن و استفاده از اینستاگرام و عزت‌نفس و استفاده از اینستاگرام معنادار بود. رابطه بین تصویر بدن و استفاده از اینستاگرام در دانشجویان آقا معنادار نبود؛ اما رابطه بین تصویر بدن و استفاده از اینستاگرام در دانشجویان خانم معنادار و مستقیم بود. همچنین بین عزت‌نفس و استفاده از اینستاگرام در دانشجویان آقا رابطه معناداری وجود نداشت، درحالی‌که رابطه بین عزت‌نفس و استفاده از اینستاگرام در دانشجویان خانم معنادار و معکوس بود. نتیجه‌گیری: امروزه رسانه‌های اجتماعی فراوانی وجود دارند که استفاده از آن‌ها در بین مردم و به‌ویژه جوانان گسترش روزافزونی دارد و امکانات زیادی را در اختیار کاربران خود قرار داده‌اند. دراین‌بین تمرکز بیشتر کاربران رسانه‌های اجتماعی بر روی اینستاگرام است. به دلیل مهم بودن تأثیر رسانه‌های اجتماعی بر روی مباحث روان‌شناختی، سعی بر این شد در این پژوهش تحقیقی کامل در مورد جنسیت به‌عنوان متغیر تعدیلگر بر روی ارتباط دو متغیر روان‌شناختی تصویر بدن و عزت‌نفس با استفاده از اینستاگرام صورت گیرد تا مسیر برای تصمیم‌گیران عرصه رسانه‌های اجتماعی هموارتر شود. درنهایت بر اساس نتایج این پژوهش استفاده از اینستاگرام و تأثیر مباحث روان‌شناختی بر روی خانم‌ها بیشتر از آقایان است.</div> <div style="text-align: justify;">Introduction Given the importance of social media and the popularity of Instagram as a popular platform among young people, especially women, this study examined the moderating role of gender in the relationship between body image using Instagram and self-esteem using Instagram. The secondary objectives of the study were to investigate the relationship between body image and self-esteem in Instagram users in general, compare the level of body image and self-esteem between female and male Instagram users, examine the effect of the level and type of Instagram use on body image in women and men, and analyze the difference in the intensity of the effect of body image on self-esteem in women and men as a moderating role. Methods and Materoal This correlational study was conducted using questionnaires on "body image", "self-esteem" and "Instagram use" in a sample of 375 people from the student population of Birjand University who were selected by proportional stratified random sampling method. Findings: Gender was a significant moderating variable in the relationship between body image and Instagram use and self-esteem and Instagram use. The relationship between negative body image and Instagram use was not significant in male students; however, the relationship between negative body image and Instagram use was significant and direct in female students. Also, there was no significant relationship between self-esteem and Instagram use in male students, while the relationship between self-esteem and Instagram use in female students was significant and inverse. Conclusion In today's interconnected world, many social relationships and interactions with others are virtual, providing easy conditions for exchanging information, news, events with the ability to comment, with a wide audience, and even producing content, and trying to make the most information and content available to its audience in the shortest possible time; therefore, social media has attracted increasing attention. Since the largest group of social media users, according to research, are young people, and Instagram, as a social media platform, has been able to fulfill the desires of young people and quickly overtake other social media examples, this research focused on studying this platform.Instagram is a visual app that allows users to post photos, videos, selfies, and live broadcasts, and also provides the necessary interaction so that users can react to their followers' stories and posts. The platform's many capabilities and its appeal to young people led the study population to show high usage figures for this medium, which could provide many opportunities for decision-makers in society to use these capabilities to improve the standards of social life today. One of the topics that has been considered in the study of Instagram and social networks is their relationship with psychological issues. Many studies have shown that the extensive use of Instagram is related to a wide range of psychological issues, especially for younger users of the Instagram app. In this study, the relationship between Instagram and two psychological issues of body image and self-esteem was addressed. The results of the questions confirmed that students, as an active segment of society, have high self-esteem and a favorable body image. This is a promising future. Of course, care must be taken not to change the living conditions after university to reduce the amount of these valuable variables, and protecting such capital is a serious task for community managers. The predictor variable of this study was body image, including the components of appearance dissatisfaction and functional interference (interference of anxiety about appearance with social functioning). There was a positive and significant relationship between body image and both of its components (appearance dissatisfaction and functional interference) and use. In other words, the higher the respondents' apparent dissatisfaction and functional interference, the greater their use of Instagram. Based on the regression results, functional interference was a stronger predictor of Instagram use, and the apparent dissatisfaction variable ranked next. Here, two hypotheses are proposed. First hypothesis: Gender has a moderating role in the relationship between body image and the amount of Instagram use. To examine this hypothesis, due to the existence of a moderating variable (gender), the body image multiplier variable was initially obtained by gender. To test the moderating role of gender, a linear regression test was used. The results of the regression, considering the role of the moderating variable, show that the coefficient of determination of the dependent variable has increased from 0.022 to 0.043. The prediction rate of body image from Instagram use in the first model is 0.148 and in the second model (with the moderating variable entered), it is 0.208. Also, in model number two, it has been determined that the moderating variable of gender has a decreasing role and its beta value is -0.261. Since the t-statistic is also -2.889 and its absolute value is greater than the critical value of 1.96, therefore, the moderating role of gender is significant. Given that the role of the moderating variable was confirmed in the above test, to determine this role in each of the groups of women and men, after halving the data, the Pearson correlation coefficient test was used between the body image variables and Instagram use. The correlation coefficient value (-0.012) and Sig=0.925, which is not significant at the significance level of 0.05; therefore, the relationship between body image and Instagram use was not significant in the male group. Further, in the female group, the correlation coefficient value (0.208) and Sig=0.0001 was obtained, indicating that there is a significant relationship between body image and Instagram use. The second hypothesis that was examined: Gender has a moderating role in the relationship between self-esteem and the amount of Instagram use. To examine this hypothesis, due to the presence of a moderating variable (gender), the multiplicative variable of self-esteem in gender is obtained first. To test the moderating role of gender, a linear regression test was used. The results of the regression, considering the role of the moderating variable, show that the coefficient of determination of the dependent variable has increased from 0.004 to 0.039. The prediction rate of self-esteem from using Instagram in the first model is 0.066 and in the second model (entering the moderating variable) is 0.197. It has also been determined in model number two that the moderating variable of gender has a decreasing role and its beta value is -0.240. Since the t-statistic is also -3.650 and its absolute value is greater than the critical value of 1.96, therefore the moderating role of gender is significant. Further, in the female group, the correlation coefficient was (-0.120) and Sig=0.036, which is less than the significance level of 0.05, which allows us to conclude that there is a significant and inverse relationship between self-esteem and use. The results of examining the two hypotheses were as follows: Gender was significant as a moderating variable in this hypothesis;The relationship between body image and Instagram use was not significant in male students;The relationship between body image and Instagram use was significant and positive in female students.The relationship between self-esteem and Instagram use was not significant in male students;The relationship between self-esteem and Instagram use was significant and inverse in female students.  </div> تصویر بدن, جنسیت, اینستاگرام, عزت نفس Body image, gender, Instagram, self-esteem. 94 113 http://hii.khu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-966-2&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Fatemeh Salmani فاطمه سلمانی F.salmani3084@gmail.com 10031947532846006259 0009-0008-3152-8437 Yes Master of Knowledge and Information Science, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran گروه علم اطلاعات و دانش‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران. Mohamadreza Kiani محمدرضا کیانی Kiani.mreza@birjand.ac.ir 10031947532846006260 10031947532846006260 No Department of Knowledge and Information Science, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran گروه علم اطلاعات و دانش‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران. Mohamad Akbaryborng محمد اکبری بورنگ Akbaryborng2003@birjand.ac.ir 10031947532846006261 10031947532846006261 No Department of Educational Sciences, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran گروه علم اطلاعات و دانش‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران.