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Mr Habib Ahmadi,
Volume 2, Issue 31 (2-2016)
Abstract

The present study covered the conformity barriers of virtual technologies in higher education. It was a qualitative research and population composed of the masters in Kordistan university. The instrument was a semi-structured questionnaire and analyzed based on ground theory through NVIVO software. The most significant conditional causes for interaction were masters' imposed and authoritarian  teaching method,  taking teaching easy in higher education, believing to presence and of cognition learning entity, masters' dualist attitude towards educational evaluation, and  physical environments. In general, the masters own a traditional attitude based on behaviorism learning theory in different aspects of teaching, evaluation, educational resources, and interaction. They did not consider virtual education as a complete and standard teaching method but a complementary instrument to recover present education.  


Ms Mina Ahmadian, Dr. Mehdi Sobhaninezhad,
Volume 2, Issue 31 (2-2016)
Abstract

The most fundamental move to enhance the quality of critical thinking in students is the improvement of motivation to think, as the key to success in life and study. This is because acquiring the skills involved in critical thinking, in the process of official curriculum, cannot guarantee the development of these skills, and consequently, their application in different situations. Therefore, one of the most useful steps with this regard is the enhancement of the attitudinal aspects of critical thinking, paying attention to the function of hidden curriculum in higher education-something which could be in the opposite direction to official curriculum. Thus, the present study, by benefiting from the method of documentary analysis, while clarifying the position of hidden curriculum in higher education and studying its relation to critical thinking, offers the analysis of the apparatus of effects and the use of hidden curriculum in the development of critical thinking. With this regard, it is discussed that the function of hidden curriculum in higher education is due to the fluctuation in the official curriculum-which by itself is due to: lack of a complete legislation of this program in higher education, relation between hidden curriculum and the dimension of critical thinking and attention paid to hidden curriculum in liberal education with an inclination towards critical thinking. In addition, the hidden curriculum, developed out of a dialectical methodology is studied to investigate the development of critical thinking of the learners.


Fakhrossadat Nasiri Valik Bani, Elahe Ghanbari,
Volume 2, Issue 31 (2-2016)
Abstract

The main objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between Distributed Leadership and Organizational Effectiveness of high schools in Hamadan city. The research method was descriptive-correlation. The statistical population included all high school teachers of Hamadan in the academic year of 2015. Based on classical random sampling, using Krejcie and Morgan chart, 335 teachers were chosen. Two questionnaires were used for data collection, Distributed Leadership Questionnaire and Organizational Effectiveness Questionnaire. The reliability of the questionnaires was calculated by Cronbach’s Alph Coefficient which was acceptable (%91 and %99). Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, and inferential statistics such as Pearson correlation coefficient, t-test for the independent groups, ANOVA and stepwise regression. Regression Analysis indicated the following results. The status quo Distributed Leadership Style and Organizational Effectiveness were above average. There were significant positive correlations between Distributed Leadership Style and Organizational Effectiveness advantage. Moreover, professional development component had greatest impact on Organizational Effectiveness.


Dr Yasser Rezapour Mirsaleh, Mrs Ezzat Fotouhi Ardakani,
Volume 3, Issue 32 (8-2016)
Abstract

The main purpose of present study was to comparing of educational-learning environment and academic locus of control between students of Tizhooshan, Nemooneh and Shahed schools. This research was a correlation study that accomplished in a sample of 506 students who selected by randomly sampling. Data were collected by Dundee ready learning-education environment measure (DREEM) and academic locus of control scale (ALCS) and analyzed by one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and independent t-test. The results show that the significantly difference between students of Tizhooshan and Shahed was only in students’ perception of learning (in favor of Shahed students). In the other dimensions of educational-learning environment and academic locus of control, there was no difference between schools. With regarding of the results can conclude that Tizhooshan schools cannot establish any difference in educational-learning environment and academic locus of control of students.


Keyvan Moradi, Seyedeh Sara Shafiee,
Volume 3, Issue 33 (2-2017)
Abstract

The challenges facing education system today require that schools be able to continuously transform into flexible and agile organization which respond to environment driven opportunities. Therefore, the main objective of this paper is to study the investigation the relationship between human capital and organizational agility in high schools of Tehran city. Descriptive-correlation method was used. Population of this study consisted of all private­ and public high schools of Tehran city (­411 school). According to Cochrane formula, 79 schools were selected as samples. Multiple cluster sampling method was used in this research.­ schools agility questionnaire (Researcher-Made) and human capital assessment scale )­­Naderi, 2015) was used for data collection.­ The questionnaire reliability was evaluated based on Cronbach’s alpha (organizational agility =α­0.804 and human capital =α0.853). Data was analyzed through Pearson coefficient of correlation & structural equation model technique. The main findings are: A positive relationship was found between general indicator of human capital and organizational agility high schools in of Tehran city. The result indicated that human capital enhances the influences an school agility capabilities.


Marjan Kian, Yazdan Mansourian, Esmaeel Karamshahi,
Volume 4, Issue 34 (5-2017)
Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine the role of sixth grade curriculum in encouraging students to study. Qualitative research method is in the form of analyzing qualitative content and basic theory as process, not as a product. The population of the study was all sixth grade elementary school textbooks in 2012-2013 and sixth grade elementary school teachers in Karaj. The informants were 9 textbooks by census method and 19 teachers from the sixth grade by purposeful sampling and observing theoretical saturation. The research tool is a semi-structured content analysis checklist and interview. The findings suggest that sixth-grade textbooks encourage students to directly and indirectly study. There are concepts in the textbook that asks students to study and collect information from a variety of sources. Teachers sometimes encourage students to study but they do not consider the process. Varied resources and materials that encourage students to study in elementary schools.


Dr Farhad Balash, Dr Ayat Saadattalab,
Volume 4, Issue 35 (9-2017)
Abstract

The present study is an attempt to examine the role of information literacy as a prerequisite for the effective application of ICT. Qualitative content analysis was used as the methodology to answer the main question of the study. The findings and results show that there is a need to have fundamental changes in missions and functions of Universities and institutes of higher education. Since one of the basic missions of Universities is to produce knowledge and lay the groundwork for knowledge environments, awareness of and access to the latest scientific findings in areas of science and technology is necessary. ICT has paved the way of this process. But what is essential is to enable the users of higher education easier access to ICT based environment. This way the audience of higher education can use the information in such environments in an effective, efficient, and creative way. This will be impossible unless we consider the role and status of information literacy as a necessity and basic issue for the application of ICT in higher education.
 


,
Volume 5, Issue 36 (9-2018)
Abstract

The purpose of this research was to conduct a meta-analysis of the studies on the effect of blended learning on academic performance in Iran. The meta-analysis was based on the estimated effect size of blended learning on academic performance. 211 studies were identified in the period 2010-2017, of which 20 research documents were selected using non-probability (purposive) sampling. Initial data analysis was done in SPSS using the PRISMA checklist, and Cohen’s model was used to interpret the results. The results showed that there is a significant positive relationship between blended learning and academic performance. The estimated effect size for this relationship was 0.684, which is higher than the medium level in Cohen’s model (0.5). This indicates the real effects of the blended learning approach on academic performance. Overall, the results showed that the blended learning approach, with proper needs assessment, design, implementation, evaluation, and feedback, can be a logical and flexible strategy for improving academic performance.
 


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Volume 5, Issue 37 (11-2018)
Abstract

Parents and children from tender age through adolescence continue to renew relationships with each other. This study aims to show how Training Educational pattern influenced the Parent-Child Relationship subsequent critical thinking. In this study quasi-experimental pretest-posttest control group method was used. Statistical population of all female students in twelfth grade schools in Birjand is intended to achieve the main objective of this study. Pattern group was achieved by using the cluster sampling multistage method. A typical school in the city of Birjand was randomly chosen with a class considered as a sampling unit and finally the samples generated are divided into experimental and control groups. Questionnaire used were based on variables of Parent-child relationship (Fine, Morland and Schwebel,1983), and critical thinking (Ricketts, 2003). Data generated were analyzed through Multivariate covariance examination. The result indicates that parent-child relationships are improved by Educational pattern. Also it was demonstrated that relationship improvement due to Educational pattern increases children’s critical thinking in the aspect of creativity& commitment. It should be noted that according to the results besides the improving parent-child relationships due to educational model training, critical thinking dispositions in children is increased as well.
 


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Volume 5, Issue 37 (11-2018)
Abstract

The growing presence of girls in higher education is an issue that has attracted attention and has a lot of opponents and proponents. In this article, effects of this event were studied in three dimensions, cultural, social and educational. Research method was descriptive – survey and the population of study was all students and faculty members at Isfahan University, Isfahan University of Technology and Isfahan University of Art. Sampling was classified according to size. Data were collected through a researcher made questionnaire and were analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. Findings showed that students and faculty members believe that increase in girl’s admission have more than average effect upon all three dimensions. In according of faculty members view, averages of social and cultural dimensions are higher and in student’s view, average of educational dimension. Finally, considering the pros and cons of the increased acceptance of girls, it is recommended to provide facilities to raise awareness of girls toward life situations to make better decisions.


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Volume 6, Issue 38 (3-2019)
Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of teaching critical thinking skills on students' social and cognitive development. This quasi-experimental study was performed using pre-test and post-test with control group. The statistical population consisted of all seventh grade female students in Karaj in the academic year 95-96. Multistage cluster sampling method was used for sampling. For this purpose, all the girls' schools in Karaj were divided into four groups according to their location and then we randomly selected one district and two schools from that district. So that from the first school one class was taught for critical thinking skills and the other from the school one was assigned to the control group. The number of subjects was based on Cohen's table with effect size of 0.50 and test power of 0.97, sample size for experimental group 24 and control group of 24 persons. The instruments used in the study were Matson's Social Skills Questionnaire (1983) and Neural Cognitive Skills Questionnaire (2013). Descriptive statistics was used for data analysis and multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was used for inferential statistics. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the mean scores of social skills and cognitive skills of students who were trained in Critical Thinking and compared to students who were trained in the usual way in schools and increased their skills. Social skills and cognitive skills.

Fateme Ghesami, Elham Yoosefi Roobiat,
Volume 6, Issue 39 (12-2019)
Abstract

Environmental education is education that increase public awareness and knowledge about environmental issues. Environmental education should incorporate three elements: learning in the environment, learning about the environment and learning to look after the environment. In this paper, be reviewed characteristics of environmental education programs with analytical-descriptive methods and also be reviewed methods of environmental education in schools in both teacher-centered and student-centered approaches. Finally, with the conclusions of studies are presented a conceptual model for teaching various courses with an emphasis on environmental education. The results of this study indicating that use of student-centered approaches to enhance students higher-order cognitive skills, and teaching different subjects in an environmental context can be very effective in institutionalizing students' environmental attitudes and behaviors.

Akbar Jadidi Mohammadabadi, Akbar Rezaei,
Volume 7, Issue 41 (10-2020)
Abstract

This study was designed as an embedded mixed model research to identify and evaluate the ethical features of MOOC (course & massive). For this purpose, both heuristic inquiry method and the questionnaire method were applied to obtain and analyze the data. At the primary stage. The research sample in the qualitative section of the electronic resources related to the topic and in the quantitative section 36 of the experts in planning distance education in virtual learning environments and virtual universities were selected voluntarily. To analyze the qualitative data, content analysis method and the content of the content ratio, weighted average and Friedman test were used to analyze the survey data. Content analysis results showed 4 dimensions and 15 criteria. The qualitative and qualitative outcomes of MOOC's ethics show that the impact of each dimension of the learner, the content, Teaching organization, and Educational environment of the MOOC are similar to face-to-face training, and does not require new moral features. In the quantitative outcomes, the course & massive features of MOOC should be of special interest in the dimensions of the teaching organization, the content and the Educational environment, because this type of training is carried out both by a wide range of the learners and at regular times, then the learner and the teaching organization are also important. These results suggest that special attention should be paid to the dimensions of the learner and the teaching organization of the learning in order to hold the massive features of the MOOC (widespread, pervasive and regular and time-consuming), and the national and international ethical standards should be considered and at the level of the supra Enormous to be addressed, Because the ethics of classroom attendance are carried out at the micro and native level, but in these classes, national and international ethics are applied and applied extensively.

Meimanat Abedini Baltork,
Volume 8, Issue 42 (3-2021)
Abstract

The purpose of this study was to study the challenges of virtual education in the Corona era from the perspective of lived experience of female faculty members of Mazandaran University. The design of the present study was qualitative and the method used, was phenomenological. The statistical population included women faculty members of University of Mazandaran in the academic year 2020-2021, which was a total of 71 members. Qualitative data were collected using semi-structured interviews of 20 members. The validity and reliability of the study were verified on the basis of validity, transferability, reliability, and verifiability the method of data analysis in this study was thematic analysis (comprehensive, organizing, and inclusive). The results showed that women faced various challenges in e-learning which were classified into 1 comprehensive theme, 3 organizing themes and 9 inclusive themes Changes in teaching style, infrastructure and facilities and students' lack of cooperation are the themes of the organizer. Each organizing theme also consists of several inclusive themes that include changes in teaching style and teaching and being time consuming; Challenges of university infrastructures, faculty facilities, student facilities and basic infrastructures; Failure of taking e-learning seriously, neglect of the classroom, and unreasonable expectations of students are among the basic themes that participants cited as a challenge to e-learning during the Corona era. Finally, virtual education and e-classroom which had not been considered in Iranian universities, since the arrival of this virus became the center of attention, which faced many challenges due to this issue. Identifying challenges is the first step is to resolve it so that affiliated organizations can take steps in this direction.

D.r Mahboubeh Soleimanpouromran Mahboubeh Soleimanpouromran,
Volume 9, Issue 43 (12-2021)
Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate equal educational opportunities in school quality of life and the feeling of belonging to school with the mediating role of school culture among the teachers of Shirvan secondary schools. The research method was descriptive-correlational and the statistical population consisted of all the teachers of Shirvan girls' schools (291 persons), 165 were selected by simple random sampling. 1) Williams & Button School Quality of Life Questionnaire (1981); School Feelings Questionnaire (Barry, Betty & Watt 2004) and Alexander & Sad School Culture Questionnaire (1997). And its reliability with Cronbach's alpha coefficient for equal educational opportunities / 8126, for 0 quality of school life 0.8786, for school belonging feeling 0.8271, and 8321/0 school culture, respectively. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics (Kolmogorov-Smirnov normal distribution test, Pearson correlation test, linear regression test and structural equations) using SPSS software version 19 and LISREL 18 software. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between variables of equal educational opportunities and school culture and quality of school life and correlation coefficient between educational equality opportunities and quality of school life was 237, respectively. The coefficient of correlation between equal educational opportunities and school culture is 0.221 and the correlation coefficient between school culture and quality of school life is 0.379. There was a significant relationship between the variables of equal educational opportunities and school culture and feeling of belonging to school. Correlation coefficient between educational equality of opportunity and feeling of belonging to school equals 0.403, respectively. Equal education and school culture equals 0.221 and the correlation coefficient between school culture and school belonging is 0.280. In total, these two variables in the second step were able to explain moderately 74.19% of the variance in the feeling of belonging to school. This confirms the mediating role of school culture.

Zahra Akbarzadeh, Vahid Fallah, Esmat Rasoli,
Volume 9, Issue 43 (12-2021)
Abstract

The purpose of this study was to identify the null aspects of the curriculum acquired at Farhangian University of Educational Sciences. The present research approach is a qualitative approach of phenomenology. The statistical population of the study consisted of neo-teachers in the educational sciences of the university in the academic year of 98-99. Purposive sampling continued until theoretical saturation. The study involved 16 (5 men and 11 women) neo-educators. In-depth semi-structured interviews were used to gather information. Seven stages of Colaizzi method were used for data analysis. The findings of this study were finally presented in 7 main themes (Lack of practical training in the document of fundamental change, lack of Islamic professional identity of the teacher, lack of how to cultivate creativity, lack of content knowledge, lack of pedagogical knowledge, lack of sociological knowledge, lack of knowledge of Islamic psychology, lack of eclectic art) or The same dimensions and 23 components were finally presented in the form of a concept map. Paying attention to this concept map can be a point of reflection for those involved in the curriculum of educational sciences to rethink the curriculum of Farhangian University.

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Volume 9, Issue 43 (12-2021)
Abstract

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of using educational multimedia in storytelling on increasing the creativity of fourth grade elementary school students in the downtown area of ​​Susangerd in 2019. The statistical population studied in this study was 109 male elementary school students in the downtown area of Susangerd city in the academic year 97-98. The sample size was 85 students according to Cochran formula and 50 students were selected by convenience sampling method and were divided into two groups (25 experimental and group, 25 control group). The semi-experimental research method is pre-test and post-test. The research instrument was the standard Torrance Creativity Testing Questionnaire (1979). The experimental group received 8 sessions of 30-minute storytelling experiment with multimedia teaching tools. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS 24 software. Statistical methods of t-test and U-test were performed. In the above instrument, the coefficient was 95%. The results showed that the use of educational multimedia in storytelling affects the creativity of fourth grade elementary school students in the downtown area, in other words, the use of educational multimedia in storytelling on fluidity, initiative, and flexibility. And it affects the development of students.

Mrs Mahdieh Sadat Mirrahimi, Mrs Parvin Ahmadi,
Volume 10, Issue 44 (4-2022)
Abstract

This study aim was Investigation and analysis the status of the trans-disciplinary approach STEM in the school curriculum The research method is "conceptual analysis" which aims to provide a clear explanation of the meaning of a concept by carefully explaining its relationship to other concepts. STEM's trans-disciplinary Approach is a strategic learning curriculum that removes traditional barriers between the four disciplines and integrates them with real-time, real-world scrutiny. According to the findings of the present study, it can be argued that the outlook and program of the STEM trans-disciplinary approach show how the STEM framework is set, how it will improve performance and training, and how teachers are expected to work together. To plan their curriculum, how teachers are supported to learn so they can cover their curricula with communication, community, and industry. The results of this study showed that a comprehensive approach to STEM education can, with the support and coverage of the elements involved, govern continuous and effective teaching of STEM in schools, but achieving it requires careful planning and assistance from educators. In this regard, the promotion of collective micro-culture in the preparation of educational programs for teachers and attention to the mentality of teachers and external variables in teaching should be given special attention.
Mr Mehdi Ghasemipour Fakhrabad, Phd Hossein Momeni Mehmoui, Phd Said Timori, Torj Falah,
Volume 11, Issue 45 (12-2022)
Abstract

The purpose of this research is to investigate the current pattern of using information and communication technology (ICT) in exceptional schools. This research was conducted with a qualitative approach and a data-based method. The statistical population includes all agents involved in the use of Fava in exceptional schools, who were selected through purposeful criterion-based sampling. The data is obtained through semi-structured interviews with fifteen teachers of special schools, five school principals and three middle managers of Mashhad Special Education Department. In order to analyze the data, open, axial and selective coding method was used. Lincoln and Cuban criteria were used to ensure validity and reliability. The results of the research show twenty-six key concepts that, in the form of a paradigm model, include lack of planning and a non-specialist view of the use of FAVA in exceptional schools as a central category and causal conditions (skill weakness, attitude weakness, financial and infrastructural challenges) ), contextual factors (management factors of exceptional schools and environmental-contextual factors), facilitating intervention conditions (training and professional development of teachers, needs assessment, support), restrictive intervention conditions ( Organizational and environmental challenges, political interference and individual and executive obstacles), strategies (renewing the approach to curriculum planning, designing a strategic plan in the field of FAVA application, guidance and quality orientation) and consequences (decrease in efficiency and effectiveness) of the organization. .

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